• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.293-298
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to survey the effects of planned exercise over the age of 65 in male and female with regard to their self-efficacy, depression, and life satisfaction, based on the literatures of 14 master and doctoral dissertations published between 2004 and 2014. The subjects with program exercise habit were chosen considering the generalization of the physical characteristics of elderly subjects. The exercise duration was 50 minutes for 3 times a week for 12 to 24 weeks. Exercise intensity was an optimal aerobic exercise plan that the subjects themselves could perform. The average effect size of self-efficacy was 0.793 (26.1% increased), depression was -0.91(31.9% decreased), and life satisfaction was 1.506 (43.4% increased). These indicate that post-exercise psychological variables had a positive effect on self-efficacy and life satisfaction by lowering depression after regular exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to increase regular exercise participation and to provide sustainable scientific information for the aged and healthy living of the elderly.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 1998

Purpose : To investigate renal toxicity of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) in children with Kawasaki disease and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods : 23 children with Kawasaki disease and 7 children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who were treated with high-dose IVIG(2 g/kg) were evaluated for the change of urine output, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr), creatinine clearance(Ccr), tubular reabsorption of phosphorus(TRP), fractional excretion of sodium(FENa), 24hour urine ${\beta}_2$-microglobulin/creatinine(${\beta}_{2}MG/cr$) ratio and urine microalbumin/creatinine(MA/cr) ratio at post-IVIG 1 and 3 day. Results : There was no significant change of urine output, BUN, Scr, Ccr, TRP, 24hour urine ${\beta}_{2}MG/cr$ and MA/cr ratio after high-dose IVIG treatment. Transient increase of FENa at post-IVIG 1 day was the only significant change. Conclusion : There was no significant renal toxicity of high-dose IVIG in children with Kawasaki disease and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who had normal renal function.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 2001

Purpose : This study was conducted to assess the effects of x-irradiation on the expression of the novel glutathione S-transferase K1 gene. Materials and methods : Human glutathione S-transferase K1 (hGSTK1) DNA was purified and ligated to a pcDNA3.1/Myc-His(+) vector for the overexpression of hGSTK1 gene. MCF-7 cells were transfected with or without the recombinant hGSTK1 gene, and irradiated with 6 MV x-ray. After incubation of 14 days, cell survival was measured and compared. The expression of hGSTK1 and the effect of x-irradiation on hGSTK1 expression were also estimated in MCF-7 cells transfected with or without the hGSTK1 gene by RT-PCR. Results : Following 2 to 12 Gy of x-irradiation, the cell survivals were higher in the MCF-7 cells transfected with the hGSTK1 gene than in those without transfection. Despite the higher cell survival in the hGSTK1-transfected cells, RT-PCR for hGSTK1 mRNA revealed no significant differences according to radiation dose, fractionation, and time after irradiation. Conclusion : The MCF-7 cells transfected with the hGSTK1 gene showed higher cell survival than those without transfection of the gene. The hGSTK1 gene might be associated with the radiosensitivity of MCF-7 cell line and further analysis should be needed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.3
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• pp.427-433
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• 2015

This study was conducted to provide a method of establishing two-storied forests by the adjustment of stand structures in natural deciduous forests of Pyeongchang area. Three permanent sampling plots of 0.09 ha were established in study site and some tree variables were measured in each sampling plot before the treatment of two-storied system. Stand attributes and stand structures before treatment were estimated based on the data measured in sampling plots. The results indicate that the current stand status is different from typical stand structures of two-storied forests. A simulation technique was applied to predict stand attributes and stand structures after the treatment of two-storied system. Results suggest that significant time is required to accomplish target stand structures even after applying the treatment of two-storied system. Number of trees in the upper canopy class after treatment was predicted to be 170 trees/ha, which adequately meets the target of two-storied forests. It was predicted, however, that the lower canopy class trees has much less trees compared with the typical stand structures of two-storied forests. This problem could be solved with ingrowth of infant trees over time or by under-planting of tolerant species. It is confirmed that the target growing stock volumes of the upper canopy class should be approximately $150m^3/ha$ considering stand status after treatment. It is predicted that twenty years of conversion period is required to accomplish this goal. The changes in stand structures over time should be assessed based on stand inventory carried out every five years, and additional treatments for inducing two-storied forests should be applied if necessary.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.6 s.107
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• pp.473-480
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to establish normative data on the tooth size and arch parameters of Koreans with normal occlusion, This study employed the dental casts of 296 (male: 179; female 117) normal occlusion samples, who were selected from 15,836 adults through a community dental health survey. The mesiodistal diameters of teeth, arch width, and arch length were measured by digital electronic calipers(accurate to 0.01 mm) and Bolton's indices as well as intermaxillary arch width ratios were calculated. In order to ensure reliability, intra- and inter-examiner error were evaluated. Although our dimensional data showed overt differences between genders, the indices and intermaxillary ratios evaluated were the same. The resultant data obtained were compared with the previous data to reveal whether any changes have occurred over the time. The clinical implication of the present findings was also discussed. This biometric study seemed to provide a clinically applicable diagnostic criteria for an individual malocclusion patient.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.267-279
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• 1996

This study was investigated the changes during treatment and retention period in the Class III malocclusion patients and explored the correlationship between factors that showed relapse tendencies and pre-treatment skeletal pattern and the changes during treatment period. Numbers of total sample were 24 and their Hellman's dental age at the start of treatment was over III B and were retained at least over 1 year 6 months. The following conclusion were obtained by comparing the differences between treatment period and retention period, and after analysing the correlationship of factors that manifested relapse tendencies. 1. The angles formed by FH plane and occlusal plane, FH plane and mandibular plane, and mandibular incisor and mandibular plane changes showed rebound effect during retention period and among them occlusal plane angle and IMPA show reverse correlationship. 2. Upward displacement of the occlusal plane at the end of treatment has returning tendency, is proportional to the displacement during treatment period, but the angle between maxillary and mandibular 1st molar to its basal bone have been constantlsy maintained during the retention period. 3. Mandibular plane decrease during retention period and downward backward rotation during treatment period show correlationship.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.190-198
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changing trajectory of self-esteem and to explore contemporaneous and lagged effects of social supports(family, friends, and teacher) of 4th graders in elementary school to 9th graders in middle school. The subjects were 1,296 multiethnic students, who participated in the Multicultural Children and Adolescents Panel Study(MCAPS) from 2011 to 2016. The results of piecewise growth function showed that students' self-esteem was increased during upper grade in elementary school but soon deceased during middle school. Individual differences were found at initial, 1st and 2nd changing status. Students with higher level at initial status in self-esteem showed less increased pattern during elementary school but greater decreased pattern during middle school. In addition, supports from family and teacher showed contemporaneous effects across all 6 years while supports from friends showed such effects only for 5 years except 9th grade. Lagged effects of family were found in elementary school and significant lagged effects with supports from friends were found at 6th and 8th grade. The results of this study imply that the social support of family, friends, and teacher has an important role to encourage the self-esteem of multicultural adolescents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.305-311
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• 2009

The bankruptcy in Korea affects to all stakeholder of firms. Companies listed in KOSDAQ have high technology but the possibilities for success of business are low. The purpose of this study is to develop and to applicate falling prediction model of KOSDAQ firms using logistic regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, the accuracy of classification of the models by years was between 76.5% and 77.5%, and that of the mean model was between 70.6% and 83.4%. Among the models, the mean model of -three years, -two years, and -one year was highest in the accuracy of classification (83.4%). Second, when the mean model of -three year, -two years, and -one years, the highest model in accuracy of classification, was selected to be verified on validation samples, the accuracy of prediction increased from -three years to -one year (71.7% for -three years, 75.0% for -two years, 90.0% for -one year). In indicating the superiority of developed model.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.277-283
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• 2007

Purpose : Acute renal failure (ARF) is an important complication of rhabdomyolysis. The purpose of this study was to identify the major causes of rhabdomyolysis in children and to identify the factors associated with the developmet of ARF. Methods : A retrospective chart review between January 1997 to June 2005 was conducted of 60 patients with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis was defined by an elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) greater than 1,000 IU/L with a MM fraction more than 95% or serum myoglobin>300 mg/dL or positive urine myoglobin. Patients were excluded if they had evidence of myocardial ischemia, or cerebrovascular insufficiency. Results : Sixty patients (37 males, 23 females) were enrolled, with the median age of 4.25 year. The most common causes of rhabdomyolysis were repiratory tract infection (9), seizure (7), hypoxia or asphyxia (6). Fifteen patients (25.0%) developed ARF and ten of them (66.0%) died. The initial serum creatinine, uric acid, potassium, pH and peak serum creatinine, initial systolic blood pressure, and mental status were statistically correlated with the development of ARF. The peak serum CK was associated with mortality of rhabdomyolysis. Conclusion : Acute renal failure was significant complication of rhabdomyolysis in children. Several clinical and laboratory factors were statistically associated with the development of ARF and death.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2003

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for decortication or debridement in the management of empyema thoracis has increased the available treatment options but requires validation. We present and evaluate our technique and experience with thoracoscopic management of pleural empyema, irrespective of chronicity. Material and Method : VATS debridement or decortication was performed with endoscopic shaver system in 40 consecutive patients presented with pleural space infections. A retrospective review was performed and the effect of this technique on perioperative outcome was assessed. Result : VATS evacuation of infected pleural fluid and decortication was successfully performed in 35 of 40 patients. The mean duration of preoperative symptoms before referral was 23$\pm$1.8 days. The mean duration of hospitalization before transfer was 13.5$\pm$1.5 days. Blood loss was 250 to 200 mL. Intercostal drainage was required for 5$\pm$3 days. The postoperative hospital stay was 5 $\pm$0.7 days. There were no operative mortalities. Conclusion : Video-assisted evacuation of infected pleural fluid and decortication is an effective modality in the management of the fibropurulent stage of empyema. An organized empyema should be approached thoracosco-pically, but may require open decortication.