• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.807-812
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• 2007

Recently, Extreme learning machine(ELM), a novel learning algorithm which is much faster than conventional gradient-based learning algorithm, was proposed for single-hidden-layer feedforward neural networks. The initial input weights and hidden biases of ELM are usually randomly chosen, and the output weights are analytically determined by using Moore-Penrose(MP) generalized inverse. But it has the difficulties to choose initial input weights and hidden biases. In this paper, an advanced method using the bacterial foraging algorithm to adjust the input weights and hidden biases is proposed. Experiment at results show that this method can achieve better performance for problems having higher dimension than others.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.87-95
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• 2002

원주의 항력 감소와 원주 주위 유동의 제어에 대하여 실험적으로 연구하였다. 원주 주위 유동을 제어하기 위하여 작은 제어봉을 원주 전방에 설치하였다. 실험시 원주 직경(D=30mm)에 기초한 레이놀즈수는 $Re=2 {/times} 10^4$이었다. 제어봉의 직경(d)은 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm로 변화시켰으며, 원주와 제어봉 사이의 거리(L)를 조절하면서 원주의 표면압력분포와 후류속도를 측정하였다. 제어봉으로부터의 와 유출이 사라지는 임계거리 (critical distance) $ L_C$는 $ L_C$ /D=1.5+0.83d이었는데, $ L_C$를 전후로 유동특성과 항력값이 크게 바뀌었다. 특히 원주와 제어봉 사이의 거리가 임계거리보다 짧은 경우에는 항력이 감소하다가 $ L_C$보다 크게 되면 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 제어봉의 직경이 d/D=0.233인 경우, L/D=2.013의 조건에서 원주는 약 29%의 항력 감소를 보였고, 전체 항력은 L/D=1.833조건에서 약 25% 항력이 감소하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.379-381
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 가정용 비디오 게임에 사용 가능한 고속의 저가형 모션캡쳐, 시스템에 사용되는 전 방향 특성을 갖는 IR 능동 마커의 개발을 목표로 하고 있다. 현재 영화나 게임에서 모션캡쳐를 응용한 시스템 및 컨텐츠들이 많이 선보기고 있으며, 인기를 모으고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 흐름에 맞추어 우리는 이미 저가이면서 속도가 빠른 PSD(Position Sensitive Detector) 센서를 이용만 스테레오 비젼 기반의 PSD 모션캡쳐 시스템(Stereo vision based PSD motion capture system)과 광량 보정 기반의 단일 PSD 모션캡쳐 시스템(Intensity Calibration based single PSD motion capture system) 그리고 일정간격의 두 능동마커 기반의 단안 PSD 모션캡쳐 시스템(Two active markers at fixed distance based single PSD motion capture system)등을 소개한 바 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 전방향 특성을 갖는 IR 능동 마커는 일정간격의 두 능동마커 기반의 단안 PSD 모션캡쳐 시스템에 적용하여 보다 정밀한 3차원 좌표 측정을 할 수 있도록 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 동일 특성을 갖는 마커를 제작하고 평가하여 일정간격의 두 능동마커 기반의 단안 PSD 모션캡쳐 시스템에 적합한 마커의 제작 방법을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.432-440
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a small target detection algorithm for FLIR image with complex background. First, we compute the motion information of target from the difference between the current frame and the created background image. However, the slow speed of target cause that it has the very low gray level value in the difference image. To improve the gray level value, we perform the local gamma correction for difference image. So, the detection index is computed by using statistical characteristics in the improved image and then we chose the lowest detection index a true target. Experimental results show that the proposed method has significantly the good detection performance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1366-1374
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• 2009

Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) of human body experiences a large deformation. May during everyday when large deformation is repeated by various activities such as outdoor activity, ACL easily get damaged. In order to acknowledge the effect of the cyclic large deformation to ACL, the constitutive equations for ACL are derived from experiment data. The concept of the objective stress rate plays a important role wherever large deformation occurs. In order to obtain the objective stress rates the eigenprojection technique is used. A comparison is made for four different cases: Jaumann rate, Green-Naghdi rate, logarithmic rate and twirl tensor of Eulerian triad rate for an isotropic material subject to cyclic deformation, such as simple shear motion. Four different materials are studied to compare the behavior of the materials for ACL using different objective rates. Finally, more complicated model with fibers for soft tissues is used to calculate the behavior subjected to cyclic large deformation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.996-1003
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• 2012

We present a nearby vehicle detection method in the adjacent lane using in-vehicle front view camera. Nearby vehicles in adjacent lanes show various appearances according to their relative positions to the host vehicle. Therefore, most conventional methods use motion information for detecting nearby vehicles in adjacent lanes. However, these methods can only detect overtaking vehicles which have faster speed than the host vehicle. To solve this problem, we use the feature of regions where nearby vehicle can appear. Consequently, our method cannot only detect nearby overtaking vehicles but also stationary and same speed vehicles in adjacent lanes. In our experiment, we validated our method through various whether, road conditions and real-time implementation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.543-550
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• 2021

Recently, there has been an increase of accidents related to the rise in the use of Personal Mobility Vehicle (PMV). To solve this problem, the National Assembly announced an amendment that restricted the use of PMV to bicycle roads and to prohibited for people under 13 years old to use PMV, but there is no detailed information about travel speed and safety. In this study, a survey was conducted by dividing the group into minors and adults based on the age of obtaining a driver's license to find out the direction of improvement of laws and systems about PMV. Our results showed that adults considered PMV as more dangerous (Adults 5.50, Minors 4.94) and the suggested age for PMV use was lower from minors than adults (Adults 15.70, Minors 13.85). We found that proper travel speed on bicycle roads differed according to the presence of a driveway (Driveway 26.21 km/h, Non-Driveway 23.55 km/h) and minors had higher a travel speed than adults on all types of bicycle road. Also, Helmets for PMV were seen as the most important safety equipment on all types of bicycle road. and the importance of other safety equipment differed according to the presence of a driveway (Driveway Front-Lighting, Non-Driveway Car Horn). Through this study, It proposes that we have to make new regulations about the use of front lights and horns, as well as enforcement measures that differentiate the speed on each bicycle road type as a way to improve the laws and systems for PMV.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.205-210
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• 2007

A LOX pump rotordynamic design was performed for a 75 ton thrust liquid rocket engine. Axial positions of an inducer, an impeller and bearings on a shaft are decided on the basis of the experience achieved by previously developed turbopump which has the similar layout. The result of pump hydraulic design was reflected in the present study to decide axial length of the inducer and impeller. A distance from the rear bearing to the impeller was considered as a design parameter for load distribution of the bearings. Asynchronous eigenvalue analysis was performed as a function of rotating speeds and bearing stiffness to investigate critical speed of the LOX pump. From the numerical analysis, it is found that the LOX pump with the proper bearing loads safely operates as a sub-critical rotor of which critical speed is high enough compared to the operating speed 11,000 rpm.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.688-694
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• 2008

A rotordynamic analysis is performed for a high thrust class liquid rocket engine turbopump considering the dynamic characteristics of ball bearings and pump noncontact seals. Complex eigenvalue problems are solved to predict the rotating natural frequencies and damping ratios as a function of rotating speeds. Synchronous rotor mass unbalance response and time transient response analyses are also performed to figure out the rotor critical speed and the onset speed of instability. From the numerical analysis, it is found that the rear bearing stiffness is most important parameter for the critical speed and instability because the 1st mode is turbine side shaft bending mode. The pump seal effect on the critical speed is enlarged as the rear bearing stiffness decreases and the front bearing stiffness increases.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.43-59
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• 2003

보행 종료(gait termination)는 인간의 보행개시(gait initiation)나 율동성 보행(rhythmical walking)에 비해 관심을 적게 받고 있다. 파킨슨 환자들이 보행종료와 방향전환 시 가지는 어려움은 이들 환자들이 보행 시 넘어지게 되는 노출 요인으로 보고되어져 왔다. 보행종료에 대한 기전의 이해는 효과적으로 걸음을 멈추지 못해 넘어지게 되는 위험요인을 가진 사람들에게 적용되어질 수 있다. 이 논문에서 우리는 보행종료에 대한 최근문헌을 고찰하고 우리 실험실에서 진행되어온 파킨슨환자의 보행종료에 관한 일련의 실험들의 결과를 요약하였다. 본 연구는 율동적인 보행상태에서 완전한 멈춤으로의 전환에서 일어나는 동역학의 변화를 검사하기위해 시행되었다. 보행속도가 증가함에 따라 따르는 다리(trailing limb; 보행종료시점에서 뒤에 위치하는 다리)의 유의한 가속력 감소가 나타나고 멈출 때 이끄는 다리(leading limb; 보행종료시점에서 앞에 위치한 다리)에서 유의한 감속력의 증가가 나타난다. 보행종료 시, 이끄는 다리의 뒤쪽에 질량중심(center of mass) 을 유지시키기 위해 하지 신전근의 활성도가 오래 지속되어져야 한다. 예측하지 못한 상황에서 보행종료 시, 보행 중이나 예측되어진 상황에서 멈출 때보다 이끄는 다리 아래에서 감속력이 빠르게 발생하는 경향을 보였다. 대상자들을 보행속도에 따라 두 군으로 나눌 때, 계획되지 않은 보행종료를 하는 동안 보행속도가 느린 군이 빠른 군보다 전방 가속력을 급속하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 보행속도가 느린 대상자들이 따르는 다리로 힘을 생성하기 보다는 주로 이끄는 다리에 의존하여 보행종료를 하는 것을 보여준다. 따르는 다리에서 발생되는 힘과 근육활성도의 조절을 측정하기 위하여, 파킨슨 환자와 연령에 의해 짝짓기된 정상 환자군에게 표적 조건(target condition)을 추가하였다. 파킨슨 환자군은 표적에 다리를 정확히 놓기 위해 몇 발자국 전부터 보행 속도를 줄였다. 파킨슨 환자들은 보행종료를 촉진하기 위해 필요한 근육들의 활성도를 증가시키는데 큰 어려움을 가지고 있다고 생각되어진다.