• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2013

Many factors about the stability for the reservoir embankments is determined when the facility is completed. Therefore the initial design of the embankment is important. Many researchers focused the effect of soil parameters although the cross section greatly affects the stability and can be controlled in design step. The objective of this research is to analysis of the effects for the safety factor of slope and seepage according to change cross-section in embankment. As a result, the quantity of seepage decreased as the gradient of downstream slope decreased and was proportional to the height of embankments. There was a linear relationship between the gradient of slope and the safety factor of slope. However the gradient of slope did not affect other side slope. All in a relationship, regressive equations with a high correlation coefficient were calculated and can be applied the simple estimation method of the stability using the cross-section. As results of analyzing the sensitivity, the friction angle and permeability critically effect for the slope stability and the seepage, respectively. The effect of the slope gradient was similar to major soil properties.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2012

In this study, an experiment with large-scale model was performed according to raising embankment in order to investigate the cause of collapse by a change in water level of reservoir. Also, the settlement and pore water pressure by high water level and a rapid drawdown were compared and analyzed. After raising embankment for inclined core, there was no infiltration by leakage. For the vertical core, the pore water pressure showed a largely change by faster infiltration of pore water than in the inclined core. In a rapid drawdown, inclined core was remained stable but vertical core showed a largely change in pore water pressure. A settlement after a raising embankment showed a larger measure of settlement than before the raising embankment. The leakage quantity before a raising embankment and an inclined extension showed no leakage. Leakage in vertical extension was measured 160 $l$. From the result, a instrument system that can accurately estimate a change of pore water pressure shall be established for a rational maintenance and stabilization of raising embankment for agricultural reservoir.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2021

The physical condition assessment criteria of fill dam safety inspection are now weakly regulated and inappropriate for small agricultural reservoirs since these criteria have fundamental backgrounds suitable for large-scale dams. This study proposes the degree (critical values) of defects for the quantitative condition assessment of the embankment in order to prepare the condition assessment criteria for a small reservoir with a storage capacity of less than one (1) million cubic meters. The critical values of defects were calculated by applying the method that considers the size ratios based on the dimensional data of reservoirs, and the method of statistical analysis on the measured values of the defect degree which extracted from comprehensive annual reports on reservoir safety inspection. In comparison with the current criteria, the newly proposed critical values for each condition assessment item of the reservoir embankment are presented in paragraphs 4 and 6 of the conclusion. In addition, this study presents a method of displaying geometric figures to clarify the rating classification for condition assessment items with the two defect indicators.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2017

노후저수지 제체 보강을 목적으로 시멘트 그라우팅공법이 일반적으로 적용되고 있으나, 주입재의 재료적 한계로 인해 여러 문제점이 제기되어 왔다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 국내에서도 다양한 그라우트 재료들을 개발하고 현장에 적용하고 있으나 실제 현장에서 침투주입시 원지반 교란으로 인한 문제가 야기되는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 원지반에의 이상적인 침투주입이 가능하도록 고분말, 고점도의 특성을 가지며 실트질 모래층까지 침투주입을 확장시키고 복합조건의 지반에서도 적용할 수 있는 하이브리드형 그라우트재의 물리적 특성을 분석하였으며, 최적의 팽창제를 선정하여 그라우트재와 혼합한 후 부피팽창에 따른 압력과 다짐효과를 검토하여 실효성을 검증하고자 하였다. 팽창율, 일축압축강도, 팽창압력 및 다짐효과확인시험 결과, HI-E(2%) 시료는 팽창제에 의한 개선효과가 탁월한 것으로 나타나 이를 혼합한 하이브리드형 그라우트재는 노후저수지, 방조제 등의 차수 및 보강공법에 효과적으로 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2000년도 정기총회 및 특별심포지움
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• pp.19-40
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 해수에 의한 누수지점 파악을 위하여 방조제 4개소에 대해 단극배열 전기비저항탐사, SP탐사 및 SP 모니터링을 실시하였고, 해석 자료들을 조석변화와 비교한 결과 본 방법들이 방조제 누수지점 파악에 효과적임을 확인하였다. 저수지의 경우는 그라우팅 보강공사가 계획된 1개소에 대하여 그라우팅 보강 전후에 각 각 쌍극자배열 전기비저항 탐사와 SP탐사를 실시하여 누수구간에 대한 탐사기법 적용성 검토 및 그라우팅 효과를 비교한 결과 저수지의 경우에도 SP탐사의 적용성이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 방조제의 경우는 해수의 영향으로 안정된 전기비저항 값을 얻기 어려워, 단극배열을 이용하여 측정전위값을 크게 만들어 높은 SiN비를 확보한 결과 지하의 정보가 단순화되는 단점에도 불구하고 적용성이 높음을 확인하였고, 방조제 제체를 통한 누수에 의해 발생되는 유동전위를 대상으로 SP 모니터링을 실시한 결과와 조석변화를 비교한 결과, SP값의 변화가 조위 변화와 일치되어 나타나므로 SP탐사가 누수지점의 탐지뿐만 아니라 누수 추세를 밝히는데 효과적인 탐사법으로 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2012

This study was carried out for safety evaluation, the practical application and improvement of design method of the agricultural reservoir embankment according to backside extension. Seepage analysis, slope stability analysis and finite element analysis were performed for steady state and transient conditions. Also, the pore water pressure, seepage quantity, safety factor and stress-strain behavior according to high water level and rapid drawdown were compared and analyzed. The pore water pressure at contact region between backside extension and old embankment was kept high after rapid drawdown. Therefore, backside extension is recommended that design method is required to be improved and reinforced more than the others raising embankment. The hydraulic gradients before and after backside extension showed high value at the base of the core, but they showed stable state at the upstream slope and downstream slope. The seepage quantity per 1 day and the leakage per 100 m for the steady state and transient conditions appeared to be safe against the piping. The safety factor of slope stability showed high at the steady state, and transient conditions did not show differences depending on the rapid drawdown. The safety factor was appeared high at the upstream slope before backside extension and downstream slope after extension. The excess pore water pressure for steady state and transient conditions showed negative(-) at the upstream slope, it was small at the downstream slope. The mean effective stress (p') showed high at the base of the core and to be wild distribution after the extension. The displacement after extension showed 0.02-0.06 m in the upstream slope, the maximum shear strain after extension was smaller than that before extension.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.427-439
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• 2012

In this study, an experiment with large-scale model was performed according to raising embankment in order to investigate the behaviour of failure due to overtopping. The pore water pressure, earth pressure and settlement by high water level, a rapid drawdown and overtopping were compared and analyzed. Also, seepage analysis and slope stability analysis were performed for steady state and transient conditions. The pore water pressure and earth pressure for inclined core type showed high value at the base of the core, but they showed no infiltration by leakage. The pore water pressure and earth pressure by overtopping increased at the upstream slope and core, it is considered a useful data that can accurately estimate the possibility of failure of the reservoir. The behavior of failure due to overtopping was gradually enlarged towards the downstream slope from reservoir crest, and the inclined core after the raising embankment was influenced significantly to prevent the reservoir failure. The pore water pressure distribution for steady state and transient condition showed positive (+) pore water pressure on the upstream slope, it was gradually changed negative (-) pore water pressure on the downstream slope. The pore water pressure by overtopping showed a larger than the high water level at the downstream slope, it was likely to be the piping phenomenon because the hydraulic gradients showed largely at the inclined core and reservoir crest. The safety factor showed high at the steady state, and transient conditions did not show differences depending on the rapid drawdown.

• 지질공학
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.497-503
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• 2016

가진발생장치를 이용한 시멘트 주입공법(CGVM)은 국내에서 개발된 건설 신기술로써 가진된 주입재가 대상지반으로 주입되어 지반보강 효율을 증대시키는 기술이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 CGVM 공법의 현장적용 및 시공효과를 검증하는 것이 목적으로써 2개의 연구지역을 선정한 후 시공 전 후에 대해 표준관입시험과 현장투수시험 및 지구물리탐사 결과를 비교하였다. 표준관입시험을 통한 시공 전 후 비교 결과 N 값이 33.57~60.90% 증가된 것으로 나타났으며 현장투수시험의 경우 시공 후 투수계수가 감소된 것으로 보아 차수효과 및 저수지 제체의 안정성 증대 등을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 전기비저항탐사 결과 시공 전에 비해 누수로 인한 저비저항대가 관찰되지 않아 그라우팅 효과가 매우 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.493-504
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• 2011

This study was carried out to safety evaluation, the practical application and improvement of design method of the agricultural reservoir due to raising embankments. Also, it was to compare and analyze the pore water pressure (PWP), seepage (leakage) quantity and piping phenomenon according to high water table and rapid drawdown. The seepage analysis by finite element analysis was used for steady state and transient condition. The pore water pressure distribution for steady state and transient condition showed positive(+) PWP on the upstream slope, it was gradually changed negative(-) PWP on the downstream slope. The PWP in the core ranged from 100 ~ -33 kPa, the seepage line in the incline-type core suddenly decreased towards the lower levels from the higher levels. The PWP according to rapid drawdown is remained in the vicinity of the upstream slope, therefore, it is investigated to be in an unstable state by the slope stability analysis. The PWP after raising embankments showed smaller than in the before raising embankments. It was likely to be the piping phenomenon because the gradients in the before raising embankments showed largely at downstream slope, and the stability for piping in the after raising embankments increased stable state. The seepage quantity per 1 day and the leakage per 100m for the steady state and transient condition appeared to be safe against the piping. It reduced slightly regardless of the transient condition before the raising embankments and it decreased largely about 2.4 times in the early days after the raising embankments.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2016

This study analyzed pore water pressure, earth pressure and settlement through field monitoring on the project site in which raising embankments are being built through backside extension, and compared the behaviors of seepage analysis, slope stability analysis and stress-strain during flood water levels and rapid drawdown under steady state and transient condition. The variation of pore water pressure showed an increase during the later period in both upstream and downstream slope, with downstream slope more largely increased than upstream slope overall. The variation of earth pressure increased according to the increase of embankment heights, while the change largely showed in the upstream slope, it was slowly increased in the downstream slope. The settlements largely increased until 23 m as embankment heights increased, and showed very little settlement overall. Under a steady state and transient conditions, the seepage quantity per day and leakage quantity per 100 m of embankment against total storage were shown to be stable for piping. The hydraulic gradient at the core before and after raising embankments was greater than the limit hydraulic gradient, showing instability for piping. The safety factor of upstream and downstream slopes were shown to be very large at a steady state, while the upstream slopes greatly decreased at a transit conditions, downstream slopes did not show any significant changes. The horizontal settlements, the maximum shear strain and stress are especially distributed at the connecting portion of the existing reservoir and the new extension of backside. Accordingly, the backside extension method should be designed and reinforced differently from the cases of other types reservoirs.