• Composites Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2004

This paper describes a method for a falling weight impact test to estimate the impact energy absorbing characteristics and impact strength of CFRP laminate plates based on considerations of stress wave propagation theory. The absorbed energy of T300 orthotropic composites is higher than that of quasi-isotropic specimen over impact energy 6.8J, but in case of using T700 fiber, much difference does not show. Also, absorbed energy of T300 orthotropic composites, which are composed of the same stacking number and orientation became more than that of T700 fiber specimen; however there was no big difference in case of quasi-isotropic specimens. The delamination areas of the impacted specimen were measured with the ultrasonic C-scanner to find correlation between impact energy and delamination area. The fracture surfaces were observed by using the SEM (scanning electron microscope) through a low-velocity impact test in order to confirm the fracture mechanism.

• Composites Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.7-13
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• 2002

The piezoelectric thin film sensor has good characteristics to observe the impact responses of composite structures. The capabilities for monitoring impact behavior of Gr/Ep laminates subjected to damage-induced impact using the PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) film sensor were examined. For a series of low-velocity impact tests from low energy to damage-induced energy, simulated sensor signals were compared with measured signals and the PVDF film sensor. Local impact damages(matrix cracking and delamination) were found at three impact tests, but the measured signals agreed well with the simulated sensor signals based on the linear relationship between the impact forces and the PVDF film sensor signals. And the inverse technique was applied to reconstruct the impact forces using the PVDF film sensor signals. Most of reconstructed impact forces had good agreement with the measured forces. The comparison results showed that the local damage due. to low-velocity impact didn't disturb the global impact responses of composite laminates and the reconstruction of impact forces from PVDF sensor signals wasn't affected by the local damage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2000

작업 중 공구를 관에 떨어뜨리거나 작업하기 위해 관을 이동하던 중 다른 물체에 부딪힐 경우 복합재로 만들어진 관이 손상을 입게 되는 경우가 생기는데 관이 상황에 따라 얼마나 손상을 입었는지가 본 연구의 관심이다. 충격자는 직경이 25.4mm와 12.7mm인 반구형 2종류와 모서리의 직경이 15mm인 원추형 1종류로 각각 무게가 다르며, 떨어뜨리는 자유낙하 높이는 120mm에서 700mm로 종류에 따라 간격을 달리했다. 실험 장치로는 Dynatup 8250을 사용했으며 충격에너지, 최대충격하중, 충격변위, contact diameter를 측정했다. 시험 후 시편은 방사선 촬영을 하여 충격자의 종류에 따라 손상의 정도가 어떻게 다른지를 파악했다. 직경이 25.4mm인 반구형의 충격자는 표면의 손상은 적었으나 복합재 관의 내부에 delamination이 많이 생겼으며 직경이 12.7mm인 반구형의 충격자는 표면의 손상이 심했으나 내부의 delamination이 상대적으로 적었다. Contact diameter와 최대충격하중과의 관계는 실험치와 이론치가 잘 일치했으나 Kinetic energy와 최대충격하중과의 관계는 실험치와 이론치의 차이가 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.2741-2749
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• 2010

This paper presents the impact damage behavior of filament wound composite vessels and the effect of surface protective materials on their impact resistance. Using an instrumented impact testing machine, a series of impact tests was performed on the base panels and the protected panels (panels with surface protective materials of rubber, kevlar/epoxy or glass/epoxy laminates) that were cut from the full scale vessel. And the impact damage parameters were used to identify the effect of protective materials on the damage resistance of composite vessels. Damage resistance of the composite vessels was considerably affected by the protective materials regardless of the shape of the indenters. Among the protective materials, glass/epoxy laminates was the most effective mean for improving the damage resistance of composite vessels.

• Composites Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2013

In this study, impact behavior of aluminium and glass-fiber structure is studied under low impact velocity. Compression test is carried out to investigate the compressive strength of the specimens. The degree of damage is observed using microscopy and compared with the experimental analysis data. The maximum load capacity, impact strength and elastic energy of glass-fiber honeycomb sandwich panel are more than the aluminium honeycomb sandwich panel.

• Composites Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2000

The objective of this research is to develop the impact monitoring techniques providing impact identification and damage diagnostics of smart composite laminates susceptible to impacts. This can be implemented simultaneously by using the acoustic waves by the impact loads and the acoustic emission waves from damage. In the previous research, we have discussed the impact location detection process in which impact generated acoustic waves are detected by PZT using the improved neural network paradigm. This paper describes the implementation of time-frequency analysis such as the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and the Wavelet Transform (WT) on the determination of the occurrence and the estimation of damage.

• Composites Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.21-27
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• 2007

Low-velocity impact damage in a composite stiffened panel was detected using built-in piezoelectric active sensor arrays. Using these piezoelectric active sensors, various diagnostic signals were generated to propagate Lamb waves through the structure and the responses were picked up to detect changes in the structure's vibration signature due to the damage. Three algorithms - ADI(Active Damage Interrogation), TD RMS (Time Domain Root Mean Square) and STFT (Short Time Fourier Transform) - were examined to express the features of the signal changes as one damage index. From damage detecting tests, two impact induced delaminations were detected and the location was estimated with the algorithms and diagnostic signals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.209-212
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• 1999

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2000

Pressure vessels by composite materials were damaged sometimes during manufacturing or assembling. The state and the size of damage by low-velocity tests were investigated in this paper. Impactors of various masses and various tup shapes were dropped freely in the range of 120mm height to 700mm height. Compared with hemispherical tup of 12.7mm diameter, for hemispherical tup of 25.4mm diameter the size of surface dent was smaller but the size of delamination was bigger.

• Composites Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2013

In this study, low velocity impact analysis on composite sandwich structure was performed. Sandwich structure configuration is made of Carbon-Epoxy face sheets and foam cores. For validating study, the results of an experimental and a finite element method analysis were compared previously. From the finite element method analysis results of sandwich panel, it was confirmed that the results of analysis was reasonable. Impactor velocity to initiate damage was estimated, and in order to investigate the damage at the predicted velocity, impact analysis using finite element method was performed. According to the impact analysis results of sandwich panel, it was confirmed that the damage was generated at the estimated impact velocity. Finally, The comparison of the numerical results with those measured by the experiment showed good agreement.