• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 2013

It is expected to continue to increase the number of people who enjoy marine and water sports due to the increase of leisure time because of income increase, the five-day workweek, etc. However, in the safety awareness, the development of equipment is just in the early stage. Established system for fundraising is required for Korean marine and water sports to be developed first. Should the fund be spent on the safety and development of domestic equipment for marine and water sports, it would make for a safer and more enjoyable sports for the people. The profit return measures of motor boat race, among marine and water sports, are surveyed and analyzed to suggest the measures stated above. Japanese legal structure and the profit return measures on motor boat race, which are about 60 years ahead than Korean systems, were analyzed and led to suggest the establishment of professional institutions which promote motor boat, etc. and the legal improvement for funding.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2012

담관 낭종은 흔하지는 않지만, 외과적 절제가 필요한 주요 질환이다. 절제하지 않고 남겨두면 다른 질환으로의 이환이나 다양한 합병증에 의한 사망까지도 야기할 수 있기 때문에 적절한 수술적 치료가 필수적이다. 최근 수술에 따른 다양한 문제들이 계속 보고되고 있으며, 출생 전이나 건강 검진 시 발견되는 무증상의 담관 낭종의 수술 시기에 대해서도 아직 논란이 되고 있다. 저자들은 1995년부터 2009년까지 담관 낭종으로 수술 받은 환자 중 수술 받을 당시의 연령이 18세 이하인 32명 환자의 임상 양상과 수술 기록을 후향적으로 분석하여, 수술 성적에 영향을 주는 요인들을 알아보고자 하였다. 전체 32명 중 남자 10명, 여자 22명이었으며, 수술 당시의 평균 연령은 5.4세였다. 췌담관 합류이상은 9명(28.1%)이었으며, 평균 추적 관찰 기간은 34.6개월이었다. 술 전 증상을 호소한 환자는 30명(93.8%)이었으며, 복통(63.3%), 황달(40.0%), 구토(23.3%), 복부종물(16.7%), 발열(16.7%)등의 순서였다. 술 전 혈액 검사에서 AST/ALT의 상승이 18명(56.3%), 고빌리루빈혈증이 8명, 백혈구 증가증이 7명(21.9%)이었다. 술 후 합병증은 5명(15.6%)에서 나타났는데, 2명은 담관염이었고, 나머지 3명은 문합부 협착, 술 후 출혈, 장 폐쇄가 각각 1명 있었다. 술 후 평균 재원 기간은 12.2일 이었으며, 추적 관찰 기간 중 3명(9.0%)이 재입원 하였다. 수술 성적에 영향을 미치는 요인으로, 수술 당시의 나이가 많을수록 평균 수술 시간과 재원 기간이 증가하였다(p=0.004, p=0.028). 증상이 있었던 환자군에서 무증상 환자군보다 재원 기간이 더 길었다(p=0.001). 또한 췌담관 합류이상이 있었던 환자군에서 재입원율이 유의하게 높았다(p=0.005). 소아의 담관 낭종은 진단이 되면 증상 발현 전이라도 조기에 수술하는 것이 수술 시간 및 재원 기간을 단축시킬 수 있으며, 췌담관 합류이상이 동반된 경우에는 술 후에 재입원할 가능성이 높으므로 주의깊게 추적 관찰하는 것이 바람직할 것이다.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.117-123
• /
• 2008

문제: 장기 입원 치료를 받은 미숙아의 퇴원교육을 퇴원당일 짧은 시간에 시행함으로써 간호사는 제한된 인력으로 교육시간을 길게 할애하지 못하고, 표준화된 지침의 부재로 인해 퇴원교육을 누락하는 경우가 있으며 보호자는 교육내용을 충분히 이해할 시간이 부족하여 퇴원에 대한 필요 이상의 두려움을 가지고 있었다. 목적: 미숙아에 대한 퇴원교육을 표준화된 지침에 따라 단계적이고 체계적인 방법으로 개선함으로써 불필요한 퇴원지연을 예방하여 재원일수 단축시키고 보호자의 양육 자신감을 향상시킨다. 의료기관: 부산광역시에 소재한 대학병원의 신생아실 질 향상 활동: 미숙아의 퇴원을 지연시키는 원인을 분석하고 개선된 미숙아 퇴원교육 방법을 적용한 후 미숙아 재원일수와 보호자의 양육자신감을 측정하였다. 개선효과: 개선 활동 후 미숙아의 재원일수가 11.33일에서 8.28일로 3.05일 단축되었고 보호자 양육자신감 점수는 68점에서 76.25점으로 8.25점 향상되었다. 교훈: 퇴원을 앞둔 미숙아들이 좀 더 개방적으로 가족과 함께 지내면서 퇴원준비를 할 수 있는 여건과 미숙아의 성장과 발달에 대한 보호자들의 이해를 돕기 위한 인터넷강좌나 공개 강좌 등이 필요하다. 보호자들의 양육 자신감 향상과 정보교환을 위해 자조조직을 활성화하고 보다 질 높은 서비스를 위해서는 현실적으로 간호사의 인원 충원이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.209-232
• /
• 2017

This study proposes supplemental security income programs for the elderly to reduce the serious elderly poverty in Korea. The experiences of the supplemental security income programs for the elderly among the developed countries were investigated. Based on this, the Korean supplemental security income models were proposed, and the effects of the programs on the poverty, inequality, and finance were analysed. The results suggest the following implications. First, the supplemental security income programs cover a sizable portion of the elderly in Korea, and reduce substantially the poverty and inequality problems among the elderly. Second, the supplemental security income programs are efficient compared to the increase of the basic pension. Third, the effects were varied among the combinations of the basic pension models and the supplemental security income models. Therefore Korea needs to introduce an adequate policy mix consisting of basic income and supplemental security income programs so as to construct solid basic income security systems for the elderly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.7
• /
• pp.271-282
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted to develop a model for predicting the length of stay for premature infants through machine learning. For the development of this model, 6,149 cases of premature infants discharged from the hospital from 2011 to 2016 of the discharge injury in-depth survey data collected by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used. The neural network model of the initial hospitalization was superior to other models with an explanatory power (R²) of 0.75. In the model added by converting the clinical diagnosis to CCS(Clinical class ification software), the explanatory power (R²) of the cubist model was 0.81, which was superior to the random forest, gradient boost, neural network, and penalty regression models. In this study, using national data, a model for predicting the length of stay for premature infants was presented through machine learning and its applicability was confirmed. However, due to the lack of clinical information and parental information, additional research is needed to improve future performance.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.531-559
• /
• 2022

It is necessary to study the need for introduction of nuclear energy tax in Korea to internalize the externality cost of nuclear power and to make more balanced taxation system considering LNG and coal power. This study adopts choice experiment method to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for possible new tax on nuclear power. The finding is that the tax on nuclear fuel is more preferable to other tax base with KRW2.19/kWh of WTP, compared to KRW1.46/kWh for nuclear waste. The WTP for using the tax revenue to facilitate economic activity is KRW6.39/kWh compared to KRW6.12/kWh of WTP for funding climate change investment. The finding suggests that the design of nuclear power taxation needs to focus more on the use of tax revenue than on the choice of tax base.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.236-244
• /
• 2001

Background : Most current research using prognostic scoring systems in critically ill patients have focused on prediction using the first intensive care unit (ICU) day data or daily updated data. Usually the mean ICU length of stay in Korea is longer than in the western world. Consequently, a more cost-effective and practical prognostic parameter is required. The principal aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of the seventh day(7th day : the average mean ICU length of stay) APACHE III score in a medical intensive care unit. Methods : 241 medical ICU patients from July 1997 to April 1998 were enrolled. The 1st and 7th scores were measured by using the APACHE III scoring system and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the $1^{st}$ and $7^{th}$ APACHE III scores and the mortality risk. Results : 1 )The mean length of stay in the ICU was $10.3{\pm}13.8$ days. 2)The mean $1^{st}$ and $7^{th}$ day APACHE III scores were $59.7{\pm}30.9$ and $37.9{\pm}27.7$. 3) The mean $1^{st}$ day APACHE III score was significantly lower in survivors than in non- survivors($49.9{\pm}23.8$ vs $86.3{\pm}32.3$, P<0.0001). 4)The mean $7^{th}$ day APACHE III score was significantly lower in survivors than in non- survivors($30.1{\pm}18.5$ vs $80.1{\pm}30.4$, P<0.0001). 5)The odds ratios among the $1^{st}$ and $7^{th}$ day APACHE III scores and the mortality rate were 1.0507 and 1.0779 respectively. Conclusion : These results suggest that the seventh day APACHE III score is as useful in predicting the outcome as is such like the first day APACHE III score. Therefore, in comparison to the daily APACHE III score, measuring the $1^{st}$ and $7^{th}$ day APACHE III scores are also useful for predicting the prognosis of critically ill patients in terms of cost-effectiveness. It is suggested that the $7^{th}$ day APACHE III score is useful for predicting the clinical outcome.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.378-383
• /
• 2006

This study presents the results from an investigation into ABS to revitalize small and medium construction enterprises, and to analyze merits and demerits of ABS introduction using sensitivity analysis some realistic cases. According to some available procedures, this study suggests ABS introduction structure of new education facilities construction in BTL projects of two different types. In order to analyze the effectiveness of introduction, a model was built as new education facilities construction in this paper. In addition, this study tried to put a figure on finance interest changes by analyzing changes for earning rates and money that payed by the government. Moreover, this study also presents merits and demerits of ABS introduction.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.119-136
• /
• 2015

As the means of implementation, the GCF and scaled-up climate finance compose major elements of a new climate agreement that will be implemented in 2020. The new agreement will be applicable to all parties, implying that developing countries as well as developed countries will be responsible for reducing GHG emissions. Achieving the goal of mobilizing 100 billion dollars will depend on the efforts put forth by developing countries in terms of meaningful mitigation actions and transparent implementation of the mitigation targets. This paper describes a major achievement on the negotiation related to climate finance since the Convention established and addresses the issues and perspectives for the Paris Agreement.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.56-65
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the association between demographic characteristics, hospitalization-related characteristics, and the severity of long-term hospitalization in a high-level general hospital, and to analyze the factors influencing decisions of all patients. Methods: General and clinical characteristics of the participants were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Differences in these characteristics, contingent upon whether a power source was requested, were analyzed using independent t-Test and Chi-squared tests. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors related to the presence or absence of power requests. Results: The factors impacting the decision to refer a dependent variable include medical treatment (neurosurgery) (B=2.118, SE=0.960, p-value=.027, OR=8.314, 95% CI=1.267-54.551), infection isolation (CRE) (B=1.336, SE=0.666, p-value=.045, OR=3.804, 95% CI=1.032-14.021), and the utilization of tertiary antibiotics (B=3.076, SE=1.362, p-value= .024, OR=21.663, 95% CI=1.502-312.530). Conclusion: This study found a significant association between medical treatment (neurosurgery), infection isolation (CRE), and the use of tertiary antibiotics as dependent variables. These findings indicate that continuous monitoring can contribute to a reduction in long-term financial burdens.