• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.362-375
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• 2019

Since Kim Dae-jung's administration, the Korean government has established policy for overseas Koreans to provide nationalism education to their descendants. While the policy is still in effect today, as to how the recipients of the support in the USA make meaning of the programs given much changes in the social climate in respect to Korean culture, has not been examined in-depth. Therefore, through in-depth interviews with Korean Americans, the current study examined how the recipients of the educational program perceive policy on education program towards Korean Americans and whether it has strengthened their nationalism or sentiment towards motherland. The study further examines the factors that influences their sentiments towards the motherland as identified by Korean Americans. The findings show that exposure to the culture and parents' teachings of the Korean values have helped them embrace Korean heritage. Moreover, findings revealed that their sense of Koreanness were due to positive memories from visits they had when they were young and changes in Korea's status in the global arena. Future direction of the policy and suggestion for specific programs for Korean Americans, as well as implications of the findings are discussed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.15-29
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate familism and materialism of the Korean-Americans. A total 370 subject completed structured questionnaires. Major conclusions of this study are as follows: First, the Korean-Americans are found to support familism below average. But subgroup differences (according to age, for example) were discovered. Second, the Korean-Americans are found not to support materialism. But, like familism, subgroup differences by several variables were discovered. Third, among the Korean-Americans, the urban Koreans and the rural Koreans, the rural Koreans are found to support familism most strongly. But theres no difference between the Korean-Americans and the urban Koreans. The Korean-Americans are found not to support materialism.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.57-71
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• 2003

This study investigates the relationships between parental efficacy and parental practices among Korean immigrant parents in the US. Parental efficacy constitutes a special aspect of parental belief systems focusing on the beliefs that parents have the capabilities to manage the tasks of nurturing and socializing their children. Results showed that parental efficacy was positively related to the authoritative dimension of parental practices. However, there was no significant negative relationship between parental efficacy and the authoritarian dimension of parental practices. Interestingly, the authoritative and authoritarian dimensions of parental practices were highly correlated among Korean immigrant parents. This finding is in contrast to much of the research on Anglo American parenting that indicates that authoritarian practices are not compatible with authoritative practices. For Korean immigrant parents, authoritarian practices seem not to have detrimental connotation. Therefore, it can be assumed that Korean immigrant parents parental practices have different underlying mechanisms compared to Anglo American parents. We need to focus parenting research with a broader perspective on the sociological and historical context from which parental practices arise.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.583-590
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• 2009

This study analyzed temperament of ethnic Korean children residing in Korea comparing them with Korean children and American children residing in the USA. Parents of 169 Korean, Korean-American and American 4-7-year-old children rated them on the Very Short Form of Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ; Rothbart et al., 2001). On most subscales, Korean children were reported higher than ethnic Korean children in the US while Korean-American children were rated lower than others. Attention focusing was influenced by macro systems; shifting and impulsivity were more sensitive to biological or micro systems. The bilingual setting of Korean-American children may explain the difference in control of this group from others. This study clearly showed that ecological settings play important roles in temperament.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.219-234
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• 1998

This study examines spatial characteristics of residential distribution and occupational composition of Korean emmigrants who live in China, United States, and Japan. The data used are The Conditions of Korean Emmigrants published by Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1995. Analysis method used this data are as follows: 1) to clarify the tendency and spatial distribution of Korean emmigrants in each nation. 2) to grasp the residential distribution of Korean emmigrants in China, United States, and Japan where many Koreans have lived. 3) to analyze the occupational composition and its spatial characteristics of Korean emmigrants. The main findindgs obtained are summarized as follows: Farmer, forester, stock farmer, and fishery occupy over 50% of the employees of Korean emmigrants in China; traders and other employees occupy about three-fourths of the employees of Korean emmigrants in United States; and other employees occupy about 80% of the employees of Korean emmigrants in Japan. Therefore, the ratio of occupational composition of Korean emmigrants was influenced by emmigration motive, level of economic development of emmigration nation, restrictive condition for ethnic minority, and social status before emmigration etc. Specialized occupational composition in region where many Korean emmigrants in each nation lived was that the highest specialized occupation in region including primary city in population scale is trader; the highest specialized occupation in region including secondary city is manufacturing employee, and the highest specialized occupation in region including third city has transitional characteristics of each region including primary and secondary city. And professional occupation such as lawyer, doctor, religionist and educator appeared to the region including primary city. Finally, Korean emmigrants in United States and Japan contributed to the revitalization of inner city areas. And potential ethnic organization can be seen in church, mass media, and enterprise association in United States, but it can be seen in community shopping association in Japan, Because American society is based on Christianity but Japanese society is not.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for the Gifted Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.125-148
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• 2004

본 연구는 우수한 학업 성적을 보이는 재미 한인 영재 청소년들이 민족적 정체감을 어떻게 형성해 나가는지를 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 미국 뉴욕의 학업영재아를 위한 고등학교에 재학중인 25명의 한인 영재아들을 대상으로 Phinney의 민족적 정체감 평가지가 사용되었다. 민족적 정체감의 평가를 위해 3가지의 민족 정체감 구성요인들이 사용되었는데, 이들은 민족적 자기 정의, 민족집단에 대한 평가와 민족집단에 대한 참여이다. 개방형 문제에 응답을 한 학생들은 두 명의 독립적인 관찰자에 의해, 자신이 정의한 민족집단에 대한 탐구와 헌신의 정도에 따라, 3단계의 민족 정체감 발달 단계로 나누어졌다. 이 3단계 중 첫번째 단계는 자신이 속한 민족집단에 대한 무관심과 낮은 참여도를 보이는 민족 정체감 무관심의 시기이고, 두 번째 단계는 자신의 민족집단에 대한 관심을 가지고 그 집단의 역사와 철학, 문화, 그리고 주류사회 속에서 해당 민족집단의 사회적 위치와 편견 등에 대해 관심과 참여를 보여주는 민족 정체감 탐구의 시기이며, 마지막 단계는 민족 정체감 완성 시기로, 자신을 그 집단의 구성원으로 완전히 수용하면서, 민족적 정체감에 안정된 모습을 보이는 단계이다. 각 민족 정체감 구성요소들과 민족 정체감 발달 단계내의 집단차를 논의하기 위해 ANOVA가 사용되었다. 연구에 참여한 대부분의 영채아들은 자신을 재미아시아인이 아니라, 한국인 혹은 재미동포로 정의하였고, 이러한 민족적 자기 정의는 학생들의 민족집단에 대한 평가도와 참여도에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 민족집단에 대한 긍정적인 평가는 민족집단에 대한 활발한 참여와 밀접한 관련성을 가지고 있었다. 연구에서 나타난 결과들을 바탕으로 재미 한인 영재 청소년들이 높은 자아 존중감을 지닐 수 있도록, 현재 교육현장과 실생활에서 활용할 수 있는 여러 방안들과 함께, 앞으로 필요한 보다 많은 연구를 위한 제언이 제시되었다. 사고력 계발에 보다 충실할 수 있도록 내용의 폭을 넓히고 접근방법을 달리하는 심화 중심으로 교육과정을 구성하고 운영한다고 하였다. 그러나 현재 개발된 교육과정 편성과 운영은 창의성 교육의 구현보다는 압축형 속진 교육과정의 특성이 강하여, 이와 같은 운영지침을 실현하기 어려운 것이 현실이므로 교육과정 편제의 개선이나 운영지침에 적합한 교육내용의 개발이 시급히 이루어져야 할 것이다. 둘째, R&E(Research ＆ Education)는‘연구를 통한 교육’,‘교육을 통한 연구’를 의미하며 과학영재교육과정의 가장 큰 특징이라 할 수 있는 자율연구와 위탁교육을 위한 프로그램이다.여주는 것으로 나타났다.보였다. 5. L값은 살균처리의 경우 저장 30일 이후 약간 어두워지는 경향을 보였고, 121$^{\circ}C$ 살균처리에서 높은 값을 보였다. 대체로 저장온도가 높고 저장기간이 길어질수록 약간 밝아지는 경향을 보였다. 적색도는 인삼 첨가구의 경우 상온 및 냉장저장에서 10$0^{\circ}C$ 살균이 121$^{\circ}C$ 처리구 보다 약간 높은 값을 보였다. 저장기간에 따른 적색도의 변화는 인삼과 송이 첨가구에서 비교적 안정적이었다. 황색도는 상온 및 냉장저장에서 저장기간에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향을 보인 후 상온저장 50일 째, 냉장 60일 째 가장 높게 나타났다. 121$^{\circ}C$ 살균처리구가 10$0^{\circ}C$ 처리구보다 약간 높은 경향을 보였다.^{\circ}C$$,에서는 20시간 가열시 0.706$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg으로 가장 높게 생성된 후 서서히 감소하였다. 그러나 산값과 공액이중산값은 계속 증가하는 양상을 나타냈다. 즉 B(a)P생성과 산패도 변화사이에는 일정한 관계를 나타내지는 않았다.ve(+)의 상관관계가 있었다.l

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 1995

Population pharmacokinetics for gentamicin were compared with 24 American patients (16 male and 8 female) and 16 Korean-American appendicitis patients(12 male and 4 female). Two to six blood specimens were collected from all patients at the following times: just before a regularly scheduled infusion and at 1/2 hour after the end of a 1/2 hour infusion. Nonparametric expected maximum(NPEM) algorithm for population modeling was used. The estimated parameters were the elimination rate constant(K), the slope of the relationship between K versus creatinine clearance(KS), the apparent volume of distribution(V), the slope of the relationship between V versus weight(VS), gentamicin clearance(CL) and the slope of the relationship between CL versus creatinine clearance and the VS(CS). The output includes a 3-dimensional plot of the joint probability density function(PDF), two marginal PDF, means, medians, modes, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and CV%. The mean K(KS) were 0.424$\pm$0.139(0.00429$\pm$0.00164) and 0.411$\pm$0.135 hr$^{-1}$ (0.00475$\pm$0.00180[hr.mL/min/1.73m$^{2}]^{-1}$) for American and Korean-American populations, respectively. The mean V(VS) were not different at 15.6$\pm$4.77(0.233$\pm$0.0526) and 15.1$\pm$3.84L(0.239$\pm$0.0492 L/kg) for American and Korean-American populations, respectively (P>0.2). The mean CL (CS) were 6.28$\pm$1.85(0.0634$\pm$0.0191) and 5.70$\pm$1.77 L/hr(0.0701$\pm$0.0215 L/kg[hr.mL/min/1.73m$^{2}$)] for American and Korean-American populations, respectively. There are no differences in gentamicin pharmacokinetics between American and Korean-American Appendicitis patients.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.67-82
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze how the different lifestyles between Koreans and Korean Americans have significant effects on their health. Despite being the same race, Koreans and Korean Americans have different health conditions and health attitudes due to the acquired environmental factors such as social-economic factors, lifestyle risk factors, healthcare systems, and medical utilization. It is crucial to examine how the different lifestyle habits between Koreans and Korean Americans lead to various health conditions for establishing an effective health promotion policy. Methods: In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Survey of Korea and CHIS data of the United States in 2005 and 2015 to provide valuable insights when establishing such a policy. Results: The specific research purpose is as follows: First, socioeconomic factors, such as (1)living habits risk factors, (2)health satisfaction levels, (3)disease outbreaks, and (4)medical uses, are analyzed to find the distinct characteristics among Koreans, Korean Americans, and Americans. Second, the three groups --Koreans, Korean Americans, and Americans-- were compared based on their exposure to disease-related lifestyle risk factors related to their body mass index and their general health condition. The research results are as follows: First, all three groups improved health conditions in 2015 better than in 2005. Koreans maintained relatively higher general health conditions compared to other groups: their prevalence rate of chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and asthma was lower than that of U.S. residents. Second, in regards to health behavior factors, the lifetime smoking experience for Koreans and Americans both decreased in 2015 compared to 2005, while the lifetime smoking experience for Korean Americans increased slightly. The number of smokers for Koreans has greatly decreased over a decade while that of Americans has moderately increased. Third, according to the results of the multiple regression, the general health conditions, which is a dependent variable, suggests that the number of men who answered they are healthy is greater than that of women in Korea, compared to the United States. Conclusions: In conclusion, the acquired environmental factors had more significant impacts on health than the racial factors did. Compared to 2005, the health behaviors and health levels of Korean Americans in 2015 gradually became more similar to those of Americans.