• Journal of Communication Design
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• v.57
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• pp.398-407
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• 2016

This thesis is about how to let people be aware of the importance to raise awareness of the safety by offering User-center guide line instead of staff-center guide line. That's why it is important to make clear and be aware of how to prevent and how to cope with accident because it can lead to casualties which might be a tragic. For all that the guide for the fire accident is posted on the web site of each metro administration without any standard of information or coherence. Therefore it is urgent to make and provide new User-center guideline and to make it better we need to keep the following principles. First of all, the principles of Universal design should be applied to all the User-center guide line for fire accident at the subway station based on the comprehension of public design. Secondly, every metro administration need more communication to organize one coherence in designing instead of unilateral advertisement. Lastly, campaigns and training should be expanded in everyday life, so the citizen can raise awareness of the accident by themselves.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2021

In recent years, the possibility of flooding due to the increase in the incidence of high-frequency rainfall due to abnormal rainfall and the increase in concentrated torrential rain is increasing. Also, the amount of rainwater runoff is increasing due to the increase of the impermeable layer in the city due to the concentration of population due to urbanization and concentration of development. Due to the characteristics of the developed city, it is located in the vicinity of rivers and in the lowlands. For the analysis of inundation in water, using XP-SWMM, which can analyze stormwater pipelines and surface flows, and FLO-2D models that can track flood-sluice curves and rainfall-spill curves, based on hydraulic and hydrological analysis. Inundation analysis was conducted and comparative review was conducted. The patterns of flooding of the two models were compared, and a model suitable for domestic flooding was selected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.811-816
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• 2022

Even though continuous management and supervision of reinforcement of policies to safeguard accidents at workplace and work sites were implemented. Accident prevention activities such as inspection and diagnosis are urgently required to induce a preliminary investigation to identify the risk factors for each type of work, before the work task to eliminate risks at the worksites. Since safety inspections at work sites were generally conducted through visual inspections, the results of safety inspections may vary depending on the findings and proficiency of the safety officers. The results of those inspections may have loopholes to prevent potential accidents at work. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a risk identification checklist that can effectively perform safety inspections to prevent accidents at work sites. This study initially analyzed the previously developed accident checklist to identify current complications and issues in safety checklists. Based on the findings of major industrial accidents over the past three years, the relationship between accident, workplace, and work type were analyzed refereeing the safety inspection standards. A risk recognition-checklist was developed to provide basic data on identifying risk factors, and inspection guidance at work sites. To prepare for potential accidents by identifying and taking countermeasures to mitigate the high risk and serious accidents at sites by the guidelines of the checklist. The developed inspection checklist has been practically used by experts at work sites to perform safety inspections, and it has been verified its suitability, and feasibility, to prevent or mitigate workplace accidents, including securing the safety and health of field workers. The role of the developed safety checklist has been considered effective at worksites.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.547-558
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• 2022

In August 2020, a debris flow occurred in Gokseon, Jeollanam-do, that resulted in the death of five residents. In this study area, high-resolution 0.03 m topographic information was generated through photogrammetry, and the amount of soil movement/loss was measured. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed for flow depth, flow velocity, and debris flow area with the program Flo-2D using the difference in simulation parameter that discharge and topographic information. Wth increasing debris flow input discharge, increases were seen in flow depth, flow velocity, and debris flow area, as ell as in the gap in results from high-resolution topographic information and low-resolution topographic information. Also, when high-resolution topographic information was used, the results were similar to the actual (measured) flow direction of the debris flow. Therefore, the application of high-resolution topographic information increases the accuracy of the debris flow analysis results compared with low-resolution information. Results could be further imporved in the future by considering geological information such as yield stress and viscosity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.24 no.6_2
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• pp.781-786
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• 2021

Korean domestic workers are trend to avoid harmful and dangerous jobs calls 3D work due to the poor working conditions. Therefore, the incoming population of foreign workers is increasing to fulfill the required labor force. Mostly these foreign workers are placed in small and medium-size industries. As work that induces musculoskeletal disorders(WMSD) is equally exposed to domestic workers as well as foreign workers, this study attempted to investigate the work burdened by musculoskeletal disorders and derive improvement measures by understanding the actual conditions of the worksites of foreign workers. The result of this investigation defines that the possibility of developing musculoskeletal disorders is very high in the environment in which more than 40% of the respondents work with heavy objects and repetitive work of wrists and elbows. To prevent the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders among foreign workers, three measures were proposed. To reduce the mandatory check-up period of WMSD under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, to revise the employment permit system, and to enhance the practical help of EPS education. Safety and health management of foreign workers is becoming an essential task not only for securing a workforce but also for the national image. Personal and economic losses at the national level should be minimized through policy support such as financial support for small and medium-sized businesses in Korea and supplementation of legal systems for the protection of foreign workers.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.201-211
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• 2023

This study investigated the damage range of the debris flow to predict the amount of collapsed soil in a landslide event. The height of the collapsed slope and the distance traveled by the collapsed soil were used to predict the total trajectory distance using a random walk model. Debris flow trajectory probabilities were calculated through 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations and were used to calculate the damage range as measured from the landslide scar to its toe. Compiled information on debris flows that occurred in the Cheonwangbong area of Mt. Jirisan was used to test the accuracy of the proposed random walk model in estimating the damage range of debris flow. Results of the comparison reveal that the proposed model shows reasonable accuracy in estimating the damage range of debris flow and that using 10 m × 10 m cells allows the damage range to be reproduced with satisfactory precision.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.338-338
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• 2023

최근 특정 지역에 짧은 시간동안 많은 강우가 내리는 국지성 집중호우가 빈번히 발생하고 있으나, 이에 대한 예측과 대비에도 불구하고 피해는 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 지속적인 강우량 증가 추이로 시간최대 및 일최대 강우량 관측기록이 해마다 갱신되고, 도시, 하천 및 주요 홍수방어 시설의 설계용량을 초과하는 피해가 발생하고 있다. 다수의 인구가 거주하고 대규모 기반시설이 집중된 도시지역에서 발생하는 집중호우는 심각한 인명 및 재산피해로 이어질 수 있다. 따라서, 부처별 재난의 저감대책은 정량적인 피해규모의 피해금액 예측보다는 설계 빈도에 대한 규모의 크기로 대책을 마련하고 있다. 국내에서는 풍수해 피해를 저감시키기 위해 개발에 따르는 재해영향요인을 개발 사업 시행 이전에 예측·분석하고 적절한 저감대책안을 수립·시행하고 있으나 설계빈도에 대한 규모일 뿐 정량적인 저감대책으로 예방되는 피해금액은 알 수 없다. 본 연구에서는 재해연보를 기반으로 호우재해(호우, 태풍)에 대한 시군구-재해기간의 피해데이터를 1999년부터 2019년까지 총 20년의 빅데이터와 전국 68개 강우관측소를 대상으로 총 20년(1999년 ~ 2019년)의 강우자료를 구축하였다. 머신러닝의 학습별 알고리즘을 조사하여 호우재해 피해데이터의 적용성이 높고 다양한 분야에 적용이 가능한 Neural networks의 분석기술인 ANN기법을 선정하였다 피해데이터의 재해발생기간별 총강우량, 일최대강우량, 총피해금액에 대하여 1999년 ~ 2018년을 학습하고 2019년에 대하여 강우특성과 피해특성의 분석하였다. 분석결과 Neural Networks의 지도학습은 총 6,902개 중 2019년을 제외한 6,414개를 학습하였으며 분석 타깃은 호우재해의 피해규모를 분석할 수 있는 총강우량, 일최대강우량, 총피해금액에 대하여 은닉노드 5개씩 2계층에 대하여 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.280-280
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• 2023

강수의 정확한 시·공간적 추정은 홍수 대응, 가뭄 관리, 수자원 계획 등 수문학적 모델링의 핵심 기술이다. 우주 기술의 발전으로 전지구 강수량 측정 프로젝트(Global Precipitation Measurement, GPM)가 시작됨에 따라 위성의 여러 센서를 이용하여 다양한 고해상도 강수량 자료가 생산되고 있으며, 기후변화로 인한 수재해의 빈도가 증가함에 따라 준실시간(Near-Real-Time) 위성 강수 자료의 활용성 및 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 하지만 준실시간 위성 강수 자료의 경우 빠른 지연시간(latency) 확보를 위해 관측 이후 최소한의 보정을 거쳐 제공되므로 상대적으로 강수 추정치의 불확실성이 높다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 앙상블 머신러닝 기반 수집된 위성 강수 자료들을 관측 자료와 병합하여 보정된 준실시간 강수량 자료를 생성하고자 한다. 모형의 입력에는 시단위 3가지 준실시간 위성 강수 자료(GSMaP_NRT, IMERG_Early, PERSIANN_CCS)와 방재기상관측 (AWS)의 온도, 습도, 강수량 지점 자료를 활용하였다. 지점 강수 자료의 경우 결측치를 고려하여 475개 관측소를 선정하였으며, 공간성을 고려한 랜덤 샘플링으로 375개소(약 80%)는 훈련 자료, 나머지 100개소(약 20%)는 검증 자료로 분리하였다. 모형의 정량적 평가 지표로는 KGE, MAE, RMSE이 사용되었으며, 정성적 평가 지표로 강수 분할표에 따라 POD, SR, BS 그리고 CSI를 사용하였다. 머신러닝 모형은 개별 원시 위성 강수 자료 및 IDW 기법보다 높은 정확도로 강수량을 추정하였으며 공간적으로 안정적인 결과를 나타내었다. 다만, 최대 강수량에서는 다소 과소추정되므로 이는 강수와 관련된 입력 변수의 개수 업데이트로 해결할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 불확실성이 높은 개별 준실시간 위성 자료들을 관측 자료와 병합하여 보정된 최적 강수 자료를 생성하는 머신러닝 기법은 돌발성 수재해에 실시간으로 대응 가능하며 홍수 예보에 신뢰도 높은 정량적인 강수량 추정치를 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2023

Objectives: Business operators handling hazardous chemicals regulated under the Chemical Substances Control Act (CSCA) must receive permits to operate their business from the Ministry of Environment. This study analyzed the status of recent legal violation in chemical handling workplaces in Ulsan where a large volume of chemicals is handled for industrial use. Methods: A total of 557 corporations have been granted legal status as business operators in Ulsan. For all business operators, legal violations in regard to the CSCA that were discovered by the environmental office in the last five years (2018~2022) were thoroughly analyzed. Results: A total of 225 violations of the CSCA have been discovered at 165 corporations, with the violation rate accounting for approximately 27% of all business operators. In particular, 22% of the 165 violators (36 corporations) were discovered to have violated twice or more, and some business operators (6%) even violated in consecutive years. Non-compliance of facility inspection was the most frequent violation (45 cases, 20.1%), followed by non-reporting of important changes in the permitted matters (23 cases, 10.3%), non-completion of legal safety education (19 cases, 8.5%), failure to secure permission for modification in the permitted matters (18 cases, 8.0%), and failure to submit chemical transport plans (16 cases, 7.1%). Conclusions: Most of the violations could have been prevented if the field personnel had paid sufficient attention. Thus, it is fundamentally necessary to create an environment for spontaneous safety management for themselves and to strengthen individual capabilities.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

In this research, we suggest a real-time tele-driving system for unmanned fire truck control using the LTE communication system. The operator located in the safe area could drive the unmaned fire truck by implementing the secure tele-operation in case of the emergencies and disaster situation. A prototype of the unmaned fire truck was developed with a fire canon, a high pressure pump, a ball valve and a horse reel. The effect of time delay and FPS was quantified depending on the image sizes and the effective system for realtime tele-operation was suggested. To verify the suggested system, the test was performed between an operator and an unmanned fire truck which is approximately 30km apart. In this research, the immersion tele-driving system is suggested for real-time fire suppression with a 120ms time delay using LTE communication.