• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2010

Soybean lecithin liposomes composed phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol and phosphatidic acid were prepared by using the previously developed supercritical reverse phase evaporation method. The effect of phospholipid composition on the formation of liposomes and physicochemical properties were examined by means of trapping efficiency measurements, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. The trapping efficiency of liposomes for D-(+)-glucose made of CNA-Ⅰ which contains approximately 95% phosphatidyl choline is higher than that of CNA-II and CNA-O which contain approximately 32% phosphatidyl choline. However there is no any difference between the trapping efficiency of liposomes for D-(+)-glucose made of CNA-II which has saturated hydrocarbons tails and that of liposomes made of CNA-O which has unsaturated hydrocarbon chains. The electron micrographs of liposomes made of CNA-II and CNA-O show small spherical liposomes with diameter of $0.1\sim0.25{\mu}m$, while that of CNA-I shows large unilamellar liposomes with diameter of $0.2\sim1.2{\mu}m$. These results clearly show that phospholipid structure of phosphatidylcholine allows an efficient preparation of large unilamellar liposomes and a high trapping efficiency for water soluble substances. Liposomes made of CNA-II and CNA-O remained well-dispersed for at least 14 days, while liposome suspension made of CNA-I separated in two phase at 14 days due to aggregation and fusion of liposomes. The dispersibility of liposomes made of CNA-I is lower than that of CNA-II and CNA-O due to the smallar zeta potential of CNA-I.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.53-63
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• 2006

Since 2005, the government began to introduce and promote a new project delivery system, BTL(Build, Transfer, and Lease), in order to provide high level of public services for the upgraded quality of life and to boost the domestic and local construction economy. However, the lack of experiences in the new system by the constituents from diverse economic sectors brought a number of drawbacks from each constituent's perspective such as improperly low earning rate, excessive expenses for preparation of the project proposal, imbalanced regulations, heavy cost and procedures to establish SPC, the ineffective structure of the consortium, the short-term oriented evaluation criteria for the selection and so forth. These drawbacks turned out to be obstacles for the successful BTL projects. Hence, this paper analyzes the above issues and conducts the interviews with the professionals from the diverse sectors in order to propose the changes to resolve those for the improvement and finally to deliver the successful BTL projects for the diverse public owners.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.55-103
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• 1999

본 연구의 목적은 외환위기의 주요 파급경로 중 하나인 금융부문의 환율위험 노출현상을 90년대 우리나라의 실제 데이터를 통하여 실증분석함에 있다. 동 연구를 수행함에 있어 장부상 나타나는 회계적 환율위험 대신 간접적인 경제적 위험을 포함하는 포괄적 환율위험을 분석의 대상으로 정의하고, 시장에서 평가되는 금융기관의 기업가치가 환율변동에 얼마나 민감하게 노출되어 있는가를 동 위험의 측정수단으로 채택하였다. 또한 랜덤워크모형과 더불어 일종의 자본자산가격결정모형(CAPM)에 환율위험요인을 추가하여 모형을 구성함으로써 실증분석의 이론적 적합성을 제고하였다. 시장평균환율제도가 채택된 90년 3월부터 최근까지를 표본기간으로 한 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같이 요약가능하다. 첫째, 산업별로는 은행 및 보험산업이 비교적 환율위험에 노출되지 않았던 반면, 종금 및 증권산업은 환율위험에 상대적으로 크게 노출되어 있었으며, 동 노출의 방향은 원화가치의 절하가 금융기관의 시장가치에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 방향으로 노출되어 있었다. 둘째, 종금 및 증권산업의 경우 95년 이전보다는 이후의 시기에 환율위험에 대한 노출도가 유의하게 나타나 90년대 후반기에 가속화된 자본거래 자유화가 이들 금융기관의 환율위험 노출정도를 증가시켰을 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 셋째, 은행 및 종금부문을 대상으로 개별 금융기관 주가의 패널자료를 이용하여 실증분석한 결과, 은행산업 또한 90년대에 걸쳐 환율위험에 유의하게 노출되어 있었던 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 은행부문보다는 종금부문이 노출도의 크기나 통계적 유의도면에서 환율위험에 더욱 노출된 것으로 분석되었다. 넷째, 개별 금융기관의 환율위험 노출도를 추정한 결과 은행부문은 약 19%(상장은행 26사 중 5개), 종금부문은 약 52%(상장종금사 29사 중 15개)가 환율위험에 유의하게 노출되고 있었으며 이들 은행의 절반 이상 그리고 종금사의 대부분이 원화절하가 금융기관 시장가치에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 방향으로 노출되어 있었던 것으로 분석되었다. 동 실증분석 결과는 97년말 급격한 원화가치의 하락이 이들 금융기관, 특히 종금부문의 재무건전성 악화에 치명적인 영향을 끼침으로써 금융위기를 더욱 촉발시키는 한 메커니즘으로 작용하였음을 시사하고 있다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2014

Self vulcanizable blend system for magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) has been studied by dispersing magneto responsible particle (MRP) on elastomeric matrix. Chloroprene rubber was modified with maleic anhydride (MAH) using heat and pressure which is called dynamic maleation process. The optimum graft ratio of MAH was found at 10 phr contents and reaction temperature of $100^{\circ}C$. This could be confirmed by FT-IR analysis. Epoxided natural rubber (ENR) was blended with modified CR-g-MAH for self vulcanization. The optimum amounts of ENR was 30 wt% in terms of scorch time and curing rate. MRE was manufactured by electromagnetic equipment and orientation of MRE was confirmed by SEM. Finally, it was found that the tensile strength of anisotropic-MRE was higher than that of isotropic-MRE and the hardness was reverse.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2006

목 적 : 씨클로포스파미드(Cyclophosphamide, CP)는 많은 종양 질환에서 단독 혹은 다른 화학요법과 함께 사용되는 항암제이다. CP의 독성과 부작용으로 출혈성 방광염이 많은 문제를 일으키고 있다. CP로 유도된 방광염 모델은 하부요로의 통증질환을 이해하기 위한 내장성 통증의 주요한 모델로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 암컷 백서에서 CP로 유도된 방광의 과활동성에 대한 침의 효과를 관찰하기 위해 요류역학검사를 수행하였다. 방 법 : CP (200 mg/kg) 투여 18시간 후에, 지속적 생리식염수 관류 (분당 0.04 ml) 로 방광내압 측정을 통해 방광기능을 평가하였다. 관류 2시간 이후부터, 위중/곤륜 100 Hz, 위중/곤륜 2 Hz, 족삼리/삼음교 100 Hz, 족삼리/삼음교 2Hz 전침 자극을 하여 자침 전후의 방광수축간격(intercontraction interval, ICI)을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 방광내압 측정하는 동안, 방광수축간격은 CP로 유도된 방광염 모델에서 정상군에서 보다 유의하게 짧았다. CP로 유도된 방광염 모델에서, 위중/곤륜 100Hz 전침 자극은 자침 전보다 통계적으로 유의하게 $40.6\;{\pm}\;10.9\;%$ 증가시켰고, 2Hz 전침 자극은 자침 전보다 현저하게 $22.1\;{\pm}\;13.7\;%$ 증가시켰다. 반면에, 족삼리/삼음교 전침 자극은 100Hz, 강 2Hz 전침 자극 각각 $13.7\;{\pm}\;8.1\;%,\;8.7\;{\pm}\;4.5\;%$ 약간 증가시켰다. 결 론 : 족태양방광경의 경혈에 100Hz 전칩 자극을 하여 CP로 유도된 방광의 과활동성을 억제하였다. 이러한 결과는 침 자극으로 CP로 유도된 혹은 다른 종류의 방광염을 치료하는데 효과적일 것임을 시사한다. 또한, 특정 경락의 경혈과 해당 장부의 질환의 치료에 연관성을 보여준다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.208-217
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• 2014

Objectives and Methods : This study is to understand the properties and functions of twelve meridians. It aims to understand the meaning of the meridian names, and to study the properties of the six qi and the method of movement of the meridians by analyzing the six qi of the three yin and three yang from a meteorological perspective. The functions of twelve meridians based on the relationship between the operation of the internal organs and the meridians are then examined. Results and Conclusions : (1) The three yin and three yang includes the properties of six qi at the meridians. (2) The fundamental qi at reverting yin meridian lesser yin meridian and greater yin meridian has the properties of wind, heat and dampness, respectively, which are yang qi, while the fundamental qi at lesser yang meridian, yang brightness meridian and greater yang meridian has the properties of ministerial fire, dryness and cold, respectively, which are yin qi. (3) In the circulation of meridian qi, yang qi ascends at yin meridians while yin qi descends at yang meridians. (4) Three yin meridians belonging to the viscera help the function of intestines, which saves essence qi and then makes it go upward, while three yang meridians belonging to the bowels help the function of converting foodstuff and making it go downward. (5) In the human body, the internal organs play the primary role, and the meridians serve as helpers of the functioning of the internal organs by controlling the six qi.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.111-128
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• 2007

This paper aims to examine into the public document management regulations of Gungnaebu(宮內府) at the last period of Daehan(大韓) Empire. Gungnaebu(宮內府), newly established as a political consequence of Gabo(甲午) Reform, had managed the affairs of Royal Court all through several political changes. Many of the main contents of public document management regulations were established after 1907. These regulations and methods have a significant meaning in that they have great affect on the prototype of today's public document management. Moreover, such regulations include the departments in charge of public document management, procedures for official documents handling, provisions on compilation and preservation, the formulation of records compilation classified table and provisions on records list and lending, in detail. They suggest us many points because they are the matrix of the methods of records and archives management which had been applied through Joseon(朝鮮) colonial government, even after the foundation of Republic of Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.384-390
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to test empirically the effects of Entry Barriers for the stock prices of Venture Business using the Ohlson Model which is modifying and extending in terms of growth and the potential growth energy. Because the traditional Ohlson model(1995) on which the firm's value is determined only based on abnormal earnings and book value have numerous limitations when we evaluate the value of venture Businesses with high technology and new emerging market. In order to overcome these limitations, We can introduce items of net sales growth ratios and industrial property-to-net asset ratios into as proxy variables of the growth and potential growth energy. In the process of analyzing these research tests, we have set three kinds of hypotheses and tested then empirically compared with KOSDAQ ordinary listing business and KOSDAQ venture businesses between long-term analysis and short-term analysis. According to the degree of concentration reflecting HHI index, our empirical research were performed in depth. Therefore, the results of this study show us that all three kinds of Hypotheses are accepted.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5671-5676
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• 2011

Volatility Index is the index that represents future volatility of underlying asset implied in option price and expected value of market that measures the possibility of stock price's change expected by investors. The Korea Exchange announces a volatility Index, VKOSPI, since April, 13, 2009. This paper used daily data from January, 2002 through December, 2008 and tested power of Volatility index for future returns of portfolios sorted by size, book-to-market equity and beta. As a result, VKOSPI has the predictive power to future returns and then VKOSPI may be determinants of returns. Also if beta is included when sorting portfolio, the predictive power of VKOSPI is stronger for future portfolio returns.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.392-400
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• 2005

Highly integrated MPEG-4@SP video compression engine, VideoCore, is proposed for mobile application. The primary components of video compression require the high memory bandwidth since they access the external memory frequently. They include motion estimation, motion compensation, quantization, discrete cosine transform, variable length coding, and so on. The motion estimation processor adopted in VideoCore utilizes the small-size local memories such that the video compression system accesses external memory as less frequently as possible. The entire video compression system is divided into two distinct sub-systems: the integer-unit motion estimation part and the others, and both operate concurrently in a pipelined architecture. Thus the VideoCore enables the real-time high-quality video compression with a relatively low operation frequency.