• Feed Journal
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• v.2 no.8
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• pp.60-67
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• 2004

항생제는 병원성 미생물 및 그 밖의 유해한 세포의 발육 또는 기능을 억제하는 물질로써, 가축의 사료에 이러한 항생제를 첨가하여 급여하게 되면 장내에서 유해한 미생물의 증식과 발육을 억제하고 정상적인 균총을 유지함으로써 질병을 예방할 수 있으며, 과도한 장내 미생물의 증식에 의한 불필요한 영양소 손실을 막고 영양소의 소화와 흡수촉진 및 사료 섭취량을 증진시키는 등의 효과를 얻을 수 있기 때문에, 축산업에서 가축의 생산성 향상 및 질병예방을 위하여 일정수준의 항생제가 첨가된 배합사료를 급여하는 것이 일반적이었다.(중략)

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.265-274
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• 2014

Gut microbiota is a group of microorganisms that resides in the intestine and serves many important functions in human health. Using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing analysis, a wide variety of bacteria in human gastrointestinal tract has been identified along with intriguing findings that there is a different bacterial composition among individuals. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a procedure of stool transplantation from healthy donors to patients suffering from various diseases. Specifically, FMT is able to alter the composition of gut microbiota of recipients and therefore could be an effective treatment for the patients with gastrointestinal diseases including recurrent Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome. Here we review a list of human diseases related to gut microbiota disturbance and the case studies of FMT. We also summarize medicines and diagnostic tools that are under development. Therefore, gut microbiota can be a next generation's biotherapy for promotion of health and treatment of chronic diseases.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2021

Recent gut microbiota studies have revealed the important roles of gut microbiota for our health. Increasing numbers of health functional foods have been developed every year. Development of functional food often includes ex- and in-vivo experiment to verify the beneficial effects of the functional food. To investigate effects of functional food on gut microbiota, animal models were often conducted. Beneficial effects of food can be evaluated based on how gut microbiota was shifted by food, which results in either increase in beneficial bacteria, decrease in potentially pathogenic bacteria or both. As animal experiments are generally time-consuming and laborious, we investigate how well in-vitro investigation of fecal microbiota may reflect dietary health benefits. Here, we tested 15 kinds of diets using two human subjects' fecal materials. Our results showed varying gut microbiota shifts according to diets, which suggested generally known beneficial diets (i.e. Kimchi, Chunggukjang) increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Therefore, we suggest that in vitro fecal microbiota analysis could be used to evaluate beneficial effects of diets. Moreover, this method may be ideal to establish personalized diet.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.33 no.8 s.382
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• pp.121-125
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• 2001

건강한 닭은 병원성 미생물에 대하여 자연적인 저항성을 가지고 있다. 이것은 숙주상태와 장관사이에 서로 밀접한 협력장치가 있기 때문이며 건강한 병아리는 부화된 후 지속적으로 장관내에서 정상적인 세균총을 형성한다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.358-361
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• 2008

Effect of extract of fermented dropwort (Oenanthe stolonifera) on growth of intestinal harmful/useful bacteria and enzyme activity were investigated in vitro. The extract showed strong inhibition on harmful microbes including Vibrio and Salmonella, but mild inhibition on Bifidobacterium longum in both agar plate and liquid cultivation. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of B. longum was the highest among tested microbes. Inhibition effect of fermented extract on harmful microbes increased according to fermentation period. Extract of fermented dropwort showed inhibitory effects on activity of microbial ${\beta}$-glucuronidase and tryptophanase. The inhibitory effects were also proportional to fermentation period. As consequence, it is assumed that the uptake of fermented dropwort might be useful for human intestinal health.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

This study was designed to investigate the effect of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten) extracts on the intestinal bacteria, antioxidative activity and angiotensin -I-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory activity. The antimicrobial activities were measured using the 96well-plate method and disc plate method with concentration of 20mg of cactus extract. The stem extract of cactus was inhibitory against Eubacterium limosum, Clostridium perfringens, C. butyricum, C. difficile and Staphylococcus aureus, but was not inhibitory against Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilis, Streptococcus thermophilus. The fruit extract of cactus showed no inhibition against Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilis, and Streptococcus thermophilis. Their inhibitory activities were not reduced after heat and pH treatment. Antioxidative effects of cactus extracts showed high total polyphenol and flavonoid contents and high activity against free radical DPPH. The stem and fruit extract of cactus showed strong ACE inhibitory activities of 88.8% and 69.2%, respectively. In conclusion cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten) extract might be utilized as a functional food material to control intestinal microflora.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2007

Rare earth(RE) is a common name indicating 17 of specific elements including 15 of lanthanides, scandium (Sc), and yttrium(Y). This study was conducted to compare the effect of RE to growth stimulating antibiotic products in broiler diet. One of the products commonly used in broiler feeding, Chlorotetracycline(CTC) was used at a level of 200ppm for the antibiotic treatment and replaced by 100ppm RE for the RE treatment. Dietary addition of RE and CTC showed similar effects in improving broiler growth and feed conversion each other, and those were significantly better when compared to those of the control group(P<0.05). Abdominal fats of chicks fed RE were significantly lower than others(P<0.05). Intestinal E. coli and total microbial numbers were reduced by RE addition(P<0.05), but the number of Lactobacillus was not affected. The number of Salmonella was also decreased but it was not significant.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2011

This study was performed to assess the microbiological quality and potential health risk of fresh-cut produce and organic vegetables sampled from supermarkets and department stores in Korea. A total of 96 samples comprised three types of fresh-cut produce (sprouts, mixed-vegetables, fruit) and three types of organic vegetables (lettuce, perilla leaf, green pepper). The samples were analyzed for total viable cell counts, coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. The microbiological counts of fruit were very low. Sprouts were highly contaminated by total viable cell counts ($8.3{\pm}0.57$ log CFU/g), Enterobacteriaceae ($7.1{\pm}0.76$ log CFU/g), and coliforms ($4.9{\pm}0.40$ log MPN/g), and showed a high incidence level of B. cereus ($2.9{\pm}0.48$ log CFU/g). Of the fresh-cut produce analyzed, six (13.6%) mixed-vegetable salads were E. coli positive. S. aureus was detected in only one sprout sample and one mixed-vegetable salad, and its contamination levels were under 2 log CFU/g, which is appropriate for Korean standards (<3 log CFU/g) of fresh-cut produce. Of the organic vegetables, lettuces were highly contaminated by total viable cell counts ($6.4{\pm}0.74$ log CFU/g), Enterobacteriaceae ($5.7{\pm}0.98$ log CFU/g), and coliforms ($3.7{\pm}1.72$ log MPN/g). Two (13.6%) organic lettuce and one (7.1%) perillar leaf sample were E. coli positive, and S. aureus was detected in one lettuce and two perilla leaf samples. Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected in any of the fresh-cut produce or organic vegetables analyzed.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.203-207
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• 1985

Bifidobacteria are normal inhabitants of the intestinal tract of humans. Using Bif. longum isolated from feces of Korean adult and Bifidus preparation, we observed the growth inhibitory actions of these organisms toward E. coli $A_2$ causing bacterial diarrhea. Bif. longum SKD-2001 SKD-2004 inhibited the growth of E. coli $A_2$ drastically. It is supposed that the mechanism of the growth inhibitory actions is due to acid conditions created by Bif. longum.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 1976

The authors identified sixteen Shigella cultures, which were three cultures of subgroup A, ten cultures of subgroup B, three cultures of subgroup D and none of cultures belnoging to the subgroup C was detected as it was in previous year.