• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.5A
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• pp.351-360
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• 2011

Jacket-type offshore structures are always exposed to severe environmental conditions such as salt, high speed of current, wave, and wind compared with other onshore structures. In spite of the importance of maintaining the structural integrity for offshore structure, there are few cases to apply structural health monitoring (SHM) system in practice. The impedance-based SHM is a kind of local SHM techniques and to date, numerous techniques and algorithms have been proposed for local SHM of real-scale structures. However, it still requires a significant challenge for practical applications to compensate unknown environmental effects and to extract only damage features from impedance signals. In this study, the impedance-based SHM was carried out on a 1/20-scaled model of an Uldolmok current power plant structure under changes in temperature and transverse loadings. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied using conventional damage index to eliminate principal components sensitive to environmental change. It was found that the proposed PCA-base approach is an effective tool for long-term SHM under significant environmental changes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.224-226
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• 2015

지하 매설 배관의 장기적 사용은 배관의 안전성과 건전성이 확보되어야 한다. 이를 위하여 진단, 평가, 보수에 대한 기술을 확보하고 지속적인 모니터링이 필요한 상태이다. 본 연구는 이러한 배관에 대한 건전성 평가를 활용하여 보수우선순위에 따라 배관을 관리할 수 있게 하는 기술을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 평가를 할 수 있는 모델에 대한 연구 그리고 모델을 실제 도시가스회사의 시스템과 연계하기 위한 기술 개발에 대한 연구가 진행되었다.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.95-98
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• 2011

최근 국내에서 사회기반시설물에 대한 안전관리 네트워크 통합시스템 구축을 위한 국가핵심과제가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 위 과제의 일환으로 진행 중인 철도교량의 구조건전성 모니터링 시스템 구축 및 운용에 대하여 기술하였다. 효율적인 철도교량 모니터링 시스템 구축을 위하여 다양한 종류의 스마트센서가 적용되었으며, 웹 기반의 네트워킹을 통해 외부에서 모니터링 시스템을 원격으로 접속, 제어 할 수 있도록 하였다. 철도교량의 국부 손상을 모니터링 하기 위해 압전센서를 활용한 무선 임피던스 노드를 적용하였고, 구조물 전체의 거동 분석을 위하여 가속도 센서 및 광섬유 센서를 적용하였다. 구조물의 장기 계측을 통한 철도 주행 및 외부 환경에 따른 거동 분석을 수행하였으며, 손상 평가를 위한 신호처리 알고리즘이 적용되었다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.59-65
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• 2011

In structural health monitoring (SHM) using electro-mechanical impedance signatures, it is a critical issue for extremely large structures to extract the best damage diagnosis results, while minimizing unknown environmental effects, including temperature, humidity, and acoustic vibration. If the impedance signatures fluctuate because of these factors, these fluctuations should be eliminated because they might hide the characteristics of the host structural damages. This paper presents a long-term SHM technique under an unknown noisy environment for tidal current power plant structures. The obtained impedance signatures contained significant variations during the measurements, especially in the audio frequency range. To eliminate these variations, a continuous principal component analysis was applied, and the results were compared with the conventional approach using the RMSD (Root Mean Square Deviation) and CC (Cross-correlation Coefficient) damage indices. Finally, it was found that this approach could be effectively used for long-term SHM in noisy environments.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.267-282
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• 2024

This study aims to develop a wireless communication system for long-term monitoring of high-level radioactive waste disposal facilities. Conventional wired sensors can lead to a deterioration in buffer quality and management difficulties due to the use of cables for power supply and data transmission. This study proposes the adoption of a wireless communication system and compares the received signal strengths within bentonite using modules such as WiFi, ZigBee, and LoRa. Increases in dry density of bentonite and distance between transceivers led to reduced received signal strength. Additionally, using the low-frequency band exhibited less signal attenuation. Based on these findings, a conceptual design for a wireless network-based THM integrated sensor system was proposed. Results of this study can be used as foundational data for long-term monitoring of disposal facility.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2006

Mobile communication with wireless modem can be powerful tool in web-based structural health monitoring system in which power and communication method are crucial points. In this study, the major reasons of side cracks in tunnel lining are studied by FEM analysis. In addition, a web-based monitoring system using mobile communication with wireless modem is applied to the tunnel structure to monitor the long term behavior of the side cracks. The field application shows that CDMA is useful method for structural health monitoring system which installed long distance away.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.225-230
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• 2016

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are currently the most prevalent sensors because of their unique advantages such as ease of multiplexing and capability of performing absolute measurements. They are applied to various structures for structural health monitoring (SHM). The signal characteristics of FBG sensors under thermal loading should be investigated to enhance the reliability of these sensors, because they are exposed to certain cyclic thermal loads due to temperature changes resulting from change of seasons, when they are applied to structures for SHM. In this study, tests on specimens are conducted in a thermal chamber with temperature changes from -$20^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$ for 300 cycles. For the specimens, two types of base materials and adhesives that are normally used in the manufacture of packaged FBG sensors are selected. From the test results, it is confirmed that the FBG sensors undergo some degree of compressive strain under cyclic thermal load; this can lead to measurement errors. Hence, a pre-calibration is necessary before applying these sensors to structures for long-term SHM.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.320-320
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 자연환경, 수생태환경과 관련된 모니터링자료 및 수문/수질 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모델링 자료를 이용하여 유역건전성을 평가하기 위한 지수를 개발하고, 한강유역($34,148km^2$)을 대상으로 표준유역단위 유역건전성 평가를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 미국 EPA(Environmental Protection Agency)의 유역건전성 분석 사례를 개선하여 우리나라에 유역 특성에 맞는 통합 유역건전성 평가지수를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 분석하고자 하는 유역건전성은 유역이 본래 가지고 있는 자연적인 건전성을 평가하고자 하는 것으로, 평가를 위한 지표로 자연토지피복, 하천환경, 수문, 수질, 서식지, 수생태 관련 요소를 각각 선정하였다. 자연토지피복 및 하천, 서식지 유역건전성 평가를 위해서 DEM, 토지이용도, 하천도, 저수지, 습지자료를 이용하였고, 수생태 유역건전성 평가를 위해서는 6년간(2008년~2013년) 모니터링 된 TDI, BMI, FAI 자료로 이용하였다. 수문/수질 유역건전성 평가를 위해서는 SWAT 모형의 장기모의 결과를 활용하였으며, 30년간(1985년-2014년) 모의된 강수량, 총유출, 지표유출, 침투, 토양수분, 중간유출, 침루, 지하수 충진, 기저유출, Sediment, T-N, T-P 결과를 이용하였다. 각 평가지표로부터 표준유역별 sub-index를 도출하였으며, 6가지 sub-index를 이용하여 통합 유역건전성 지수를 산정하였다. 산정된 지수는 0부터 1까지의 값으로 나타나며, 1에 가까울수록 유역건전성이 좋은 유역을 의미한다. 연구결과 한강유역의 통합 유역건전성은 상류에서 하류로 갈수록 건전성이 안 좋아지는 것으로 분석되었으며, 특정 표준유역에 대하여 자연환경, 수문, 수질, 수생태환경 각각의 유역건전성을 평가할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2016

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are applied in structural health monitoring (SHM) in various application fields because of their ease of multiplexing and capability of performing absolute measurements. Moreover, the packaging methods of FBG sensors accelerate their commercialization rapidly. However, long-term SHM exposes the FBG sensors to cyclic thermal loads, and a investigation is required because it finally leads to the signal instability of the FBG sensors. In this study, the effects of sensor packaging methods two methods are generally used for the FBGs: (bonding both sides of the FBG or bonding the FBG directly on signal stability of FBG sensors are investigated. Tests are conducted on specimens in a thermal chamber, over a temperature range from $-20^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$ for 300 cycles. Signal characteristics such as Bragg wavelength, light intensity and full width at half maximum are examined and are compared with those of the FBG sensors, obtained in a previous study under direct bonding conditions. From the comparison, it is observed that the FBG sensors with bonding on both sides of the FBG demonstrate higher signal stabilities when exposed to cyclic thermal loads during long-term SHM. Consequently, it guarantees more effectiveness when packaging the FBG sensors.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Recently, buildings tend to be large size, complex shape and functional. As the size of buildings is becoming massive, the need for structural health monitoring(SHM) technique is ever-increasing. Various SHM techniques have been studied for buildings which have different dynamic characteristics and are influenced by various external loads. Generally, the visual inspection and non-destructive test for an accessible point of structures are performed by experts. But nowadays, the system is required which is online measurement and detect risk elements automatically without blind spots on structures. In this study, in order to consider the response of non-linear structures, proposed a signal feature extraction and the adaptive threshold setting algorithm utilized to determine the abnormal behavior by using statistical methods such as control chart, root mean square deviation, generalized extremely distribution. And the performance of that was validated by using the acceleration response of structures during earthquakes measuring system of forced vibration tests and actual operation.