• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2011

Reduced plants of Spirodela polyrhiza consisting only of fronds, stalks and roots form turions during dormancy. In development, mature fronds produce offspring fronds by vegetative reproduction, and turions arise laterally from the mother frond before dormancy. The turion primordium is derived from the frond, while the frond primordium forms within the turion tissue. In the present study, cellular features, especially those of the plastids, of the above four tissue types have been examined and compared using electron microscopy. Proplastids, found to be numerous in the frond and turion primordia, differentiated into chloroplasts rapidly upon growth. The proplastids were small and the thylakoidal membrane system was rudimentary, howerver the chloroplasts exhibited variation by cell type. Chloroplasts were found within cells of the frond, stalk and root tissue. The thylakoidal membrane system, which formed grana stacks, was moderately developed within frond chloroplasts, while only a few were present in those of the stalk and root cortical cells. One to two starch grains were accumulated within frond chloroplasts, but little to none were found in stalk and root cortical chloroplasts. Contrary to other types of root chloroplasts, those found in the root cap cells developed chloroplasts similar to the frond type. Unlike proplastids of the turion primordia, numerous large amyloplasts occupied most of the turion cell volume. Moreover, the turion cell produced quite large starch grain (s) within the amyloplasts. Accumulation of the starch grains continued until they occupied the most of the stroma and in some cases, individual starch grains reached up to $9.0{\mu}m$ in length. None to little, if any, thylakoidal or internal membranous systems were seldom detected in these amyloplasts. Although the degree of cellular and tissue differentiation was rather minimal within their reduced body, the functional differentiation of Spirodela polyrhiza was very efficient, as is the case in other advanced species.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.26 no.7
• /
• pp.812-818
• /
• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-amnesic effect of Stachys sieboldii MIQ. according to the mixing ratio of calcium on scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment, in vivo. At the end of the adaptation period, SD rats were divided into a normal group (N), a control group (C: scopolamine), a positive control group (PC: scopolamine + tacrine), and a sample group (S: scopolamine + Stachys sieboldii MIQ., 1CS: scopolamine + low calcium-mixed Stachys sieboldii MIQ., 5CS: scopolamine + high calcium-mixed Stachys sieboldii MIQ.), and were tested with learning and memory tests. The C and CS groups were found to have a decreased scopolamine-induced memory deficit in the Y-maze and water maze tests. Brain tissue analysis showed that the CS group decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and increased acetylcholine (Ach) content, both of which are indicative of neuronal cell activity. From a light microscopy study, the nucleus of neurons in the hippocampus of the brain was more shrunken or condensed in the C group compared to the CS group. In the CS group, the damage to the neurons in the hippocampus of the brain was suppressed. These results suggest that Stachys sieboldii MIQ. according to the mixing ratio of calcium provides a significant anti-amnesic effect against scopolamine-induced cholinergic system deficits and cognitive impairment.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.36-44
• /
• 1979

Those studies were examined rearing two varieties on Japanese descent and two varieties of Chinese descent by feeding polluted mulberry leaves, non-polluted ones and water-cleaned ones respectively to find effects of air-pollution on the economic characters of silkworms and analysis of contents of Sulphur and Cadmium in the mulberry leaves and silkworms as followings; 1) Japanese descent of polluted part was delayed about 2.5 days than non-polluted part, Chinese descent was delayed about 4 days or inequal and water-cleaned part was medium in the silkworm larval duration. 2) Results of maximum weight of 5th instal, cocoon layer weight and cocoon weight were decreased in due order non-polluted, water-cleaned and polluted in the factors of mulberry 3) Pupal ratio of Japanese descent was not shown statistical significance, but Chinese descent was revealed it obviously in the factors of mulberry leaves. 4) In the resistance of polluted mulberry leaves, Chinese descent was feeble obviously than Japanese and there were some difference even through among the same varieties. 5) The content of S and Cd of polluted area mulberry leaves was increased about 30% respectively than non-polluted area. 6) The fed part of non-polluted mulberry leaves was S 0.41% and Cd 0.013 ppm water-cleaned part was S 0.47% and Cd 0.024 ppm and polluted part was S 0.52% and Cd 0.042 ppm in the contents of S and Cd of silkworm larvae. 7) The contents of S and Cd didn't make visible injury in mulberry leaves but made it seriously in silkworm larvae. 8) The injury of dust on mulberry leaves was more serious than that of quality of mulberry leaves by air-pollution in the economic characters of silkworm. 9) As above results, Chinese descent should avoid contaminated area and it rearing by water-cleaned mulberry leaves can get noticable results in inevitable case on selection of parents silkworm rearingzone.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.61 no.4
• /
• pp.675-688
• /
• 2022

Produced by steaming mature silkworms, HongJam is a natural functional food with various health-promoting effects. The current standard HongJam production protocol involves freezing and freeze-drying steamed mature silkworms for convenient long-term storage and/or selling it to customers. However, freeze-drying HongJam requires a range of processes and costs, which have contributed to its high resale value. In this study, we found that the cost of manufacturing HongJam powder could be reduced by homogenizing steamed mature silkworms using a high-speed blender and digital homogenizer, followed by spray drying. After the homogenized HongJam solution was digested by directly adding food-graded proteases, food-graded protease-digested homogenized HongJam solution was spray-dried. Food-graded digested protease or non-digested homogenized HongJam solutions could be used to produce food for special medical use for patients with general or specific diseases. This more efficient HongJam processing protocol proposed in this study can facilitate the development of sericulture farms and related industries by reducing the production costs of HongJam and its associated products.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.169-172
• /
• 1999

The acivity-guided fractionation on the MeOH extract of Bombycis corpus inoculated by Beauberia bassiana 101A led to the isolation of two steroids, 24-ethycholest-4-ene-3,6-dione (1) ergosterol peroxide (2), as active principles. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited cytotoxicity against cultured human tumor cell lines, A-549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, XF-498 and HCT-15 with ED50 values ranging from 3.42 to $11.37{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 1994

The disturbance of sleep is usually only one of many factors considered in most studies of noise. When exposed to noise during sleep, the general response of human according to stages of sleep is investigated. The percentage of deep sleep and the number of wakings are studied for continuous traffic noise.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.4
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 1965

In the silkworm fed on ginseng, the body weight and the cocoon weight were not only heavier, but also the ratio of a cocoon layer to a cocoon weight was higher than those in the control. Especially, the heavier pupae were appeared. The ginseng may be therefor available in silkworm improvement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
• /
• 1996.10a
• /
• pp.167-171
• /
• 1996

최근 경제활동의 확충 및 국민소득의 증가에 따라 해안역에 있어서 자연환경의 보존, Water-Front 및 Resort개발의 중요성이 보다 강조되고 있다. 그러나, 기존의 방파제 등과 같은 해안ㆍ항만구조물은 해저에서부터 수면위로 건설되어 해수유동을 차단하므로 해안환경측면에서 그 기능을 충분히 발휘할 수 없기 때문에, 근년에 파랑제어라는 원래의 목적에 부합될 뿐만 아니라, 해안환경 및 생태계측면에서도 우수한 기능을 갖는 잠제에 대한 연구를 활발히 수행하여 오고 있다. (중략)

• Landscaping Tree
• /
• s.101
• /
• pp.23-26
• /
• 2007

가을이면 막대사탕처럼 현재 40~50대 중.장년층의 어린 시절을 영상하게 하는 열매는 진분홍색으로 달콤한 맛과 함께 향수를 자극한다. 또한 6월에 십자 모양의 백색으로 피는 꽃은 예수님이 이 나무에서 운명하였다하여 성스러운 나무로 취급되어 기독교인들의 사랑을 받고 있는 나무이기도 하다. 또한 나무의 수관, 열매, 꽃 모든 것들이 아담하면서 화사하고, 청초하기 때문에 현대인들의 조경수, 정원수, 가로수로 매우 사랑받고 있는 나무이다. 늦가을 겨울을 재촉하는 바람 소리에 새벽잠을 설쳐도 우리의 마음을 한결 부드럽게 어루만져 주는 산딸나무는 화원의 대장 노릇을 하고도 남음이 있을 것 같다. 또한 각종 약용, 식용으로 사용되어 버릴 것 하나 없는 우리에게 즐거움만 주는 나무이다. 하지만 이러한 나무에 해충이 피해를 주니 이들의 종류 및 생태 그리고 방제에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
• /
• 1994.05a
• /
• pp.20-33
• /
• 1994

우리나라에 있어서 양액재배는 지금으로부터 40년전으로 거슬러 올라간다. 그러나 현재의 발전수준은 양액재배가 발전된 나라들에 비하면 특히 그 수준이 저조한 상태에 머물고 있다. 그러나 최근에 들어 그러한 현상은 농민을 에워싼 환경의 변화에 따라 크게 자극을 받고 있다. 시설원예의 일부가 양액재배로 전환되어 가는 일이 전국적으로 확산되어가고 있다. 이러한 현상은 마치 사람이 깊은 잠을 자고 난 후에 다시 활발한 활동을 시작하는 것처럼 지구상의 생물의 주기적인 활동현상과 유사해서 장래의 발전에 기대가 된다. (중략)