• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1187-1190
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• 2006

최근 급속한 도시화에 따른 토지이용 증가와 토지이용 효율성의 증대는 불투수 표면의 확대, 유역의 조도계수 감소와 함께 유입시간의 단축, 수로망 정비에 의한 첨두유량의 증가, 도달시간의 감소를 발생시켜, 수로의 통수능 증가와 저류량의 급격한 감소 등 전반적인 수문현상의 변화를 가져와 도시 하천유역에 홍수 피해를 빈번히 발생시키고 있을 뿐만 아니라 근시안적인 난개발로 인해 하천 생태계가 파괴되는 등 하천 오염이 갈수록 심각해지고 있다. 근년에 들어 이런 문제 해결을 위해 하천정비시 자연형 개념을 도입하여 공사가 시행되고 있으며 본 연구의 대상하천으로 선정된 온천천이 부산의 그 대표적인 예라 하겠다. 본 연구에서는 자연형 하천의 복원에 따른 홍수위 변화와 피해 분석을 위해 먼저 온천천이 자연형 하천으로 복원되기 이전의 하도 단면과 복원 후 변화된 하도 단면으로 분류하였으며, GIS 기법을 이용해 공간 지형자료를 정량적으로 산출하였다. 하천 복원에 따른 특성 분석을 위하여 부산지방기상청으로부터 수집된 강우자료를 이용하여 확률강우량을 산정한 후 빈도별 홍수량을 산정하였다. 산정된 빈도별 홍수량을 HEC-RAS(River Analysis System) 모형에 적용하여 복원 전.후의 홍수위를 모의한 결과 온천천의 친수공간을 대표하는 주요지점에 대해 안전하다고 판단되었으나 온천천이 시민들의 친수공간으로 이용되고 있는 자연형 하천임을 고려할 때 돌발홍수에 대한 홍수예경보가 반드시 필요하다고 본다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.434-438
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• 2004

본 연구는 소하천의 유형별, 지역별 자연형 하천공법의 파악 및 시범사업의 적용${\cdot}$평가를 통하여 소하천 특성에 적합한 치수구조와 안정성을 갖추면서 생태계와 조화를 이루고, 친수성과 경관 등 소하천의 환경기능을 향상시키는데 필요한 공사시행의 설계도서작성과 사전예측 모니터링을 수행하는데 그 목적을 가지고 수행되었다. 파업내상 이동소하천은 산지지형을 이루고 있는 동쪽의 해발 543m의 칠보산을 중심으로 발원하여 평야지인 서쪽으로 유하하여 금강수계의 보강천 지류인 문방천을 본류로 합류된다. 본 파업의 시점은 충북 괴산군 청안면 읍내리이고 종점은 청안면 효근리로서 사업구간은 2.49m 이다. 이동소하천 시범사업은 행정자치부 국립방재연구소와 괴산군의 주관 하에 2002넌 3월부터 수 차례의 자문과 현장답사를 시행하고 시범사업 위치를 선정하였다. 이동소하천 시범사업의 호안공사는 자연석 쌓기, 식생축조블록, 그린리버블록, 그린환경블록, 스톤넷, 지오그린셀, 친환경 돌망태, 환경블록, 반딧불 블록, 자연식생매트 등 11개의 다양한 공법이 적용되어 2003년 5월부터 공사를 시작하여 2003년 12월에 준공하였다. 본 연구에서는 자연형 소하천 시범사업의 여러 공종 중에서 이동소하천의 하천현황을 분석하고, 이에 따라 자연형 소하천 시범사업 공사에 선정되어 시공된 각종 호안공법을 비교 검토한 것이다.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2010

Many different Visitor Guide Programs are active in order to explain the park-visitors of the superiority of National Park ecosystems and to make them aware of the importance of national park conservation. One of those VGPs is Nature Observation Trail. In this study, we analyzed the course and program of Sangui Nature Observation Trail in Juwangsan National Park. We suggest new course and interpretation plates to make explorers understand their contents easily.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.256-269
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• 2002

This paper is the first geomorphological research on TAENGNIGI which is famous for old geography book in Korea. The purpose of this paper is to explain TAENGNIGI in modem geomorphological viewpoint and then, lay the foundation for establising Korean style geomorphological terms. It also analyzes TAENGNIGI from Lee, Jung-Hwan(the authority of TAENGNIGI's geomorphological viewpoint. The main results are summarized as follows. Firstly, It is estimated that TAENGNIGI is a geography book including human and physical geography. Secondly, in spite of Lee, Jung-Hwan's some metaphysical explanation of feng-shui in TAENGNIGI. his geomorphological appreciative eye is excellent. Thirdly, it is possible that a Korean style geomorphological term will be established based upon the result of this paper on TAENGNIGI. Fourthly, Lee, Jung-Hwan indicted geography(地理), profit(生利), human nature(人心), landscape(山水) as factors in selecting of people's dwelling place(可居地) and he described that geography(mainly physical geography) was mostly important among the four factors mentioned in selecting of people's dwelling place. Especially he also mentioned that good landscapes have a favorable influence upon the forming of people's character.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.485-503
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• 2015

This study aims at evaluating geomorphological classification systems to predict the occurrence of landslides in mountainous region in Korea. Geomorphological classification systems used in this study are Catena, TPI, and Geomorphons. Study sites are Gapyeong-gun, Hoengseong-gun, Gimcheon-si, Yeoju-si/Yicheon-si in which landslide occurrence data were collected by local governments from 2001-2014. Catena method has objective classification standard to compare among regions objectively and understand the result intuitively. However, its procedure is complicated and hard to be automated for the general public to use it. Both TPI and Geomorphons have simple procedure and GIS-extension, therefore it has high accessibility. However, the results of both systems are highly dependent on the scale, and have low relevance to geomorphological formation process because focusing on shape of terrain. Three systems have low compatibility, therefore unified concept are required for broad use of landform classification. To assess the effectiveness of prediction on landslide by each geomorphological classification system, 50% of geomorphological classes with higher landslide occurrence are selected and the total landslide occurrence in selected classes are calculated and defined as 'predictive ability'. The ratio of terrain categorized by 'predictive ability' to whole region is defined as 'vulnerable area ratio'. An indicator to compare three systems which is predictive ability divided by vulnerable area ratio was developed to make a comprehensive judgment. As a result, Catena ranked the highest in suitability.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.19-35
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of landform in Geoje-Do using GIS and DTED data. The characteristics of landform in Geoje-Do are as follows; First, the height-range of Geoje-Do is $0{\sim}580m$, and the average elevation of it is 124m. Volcanic and granite region is mainly appeared at high elevation-region. But, we can't find out outstanding difference of elevation, according to its geology. The second. the slope-range of Geoje-Do is $0{\sim}52$ degree, and the average slope of it is 17.6 degree. The slope of volcanic and granite area is more steeper than any other region. But the results of analysis of the geology in Geojo-Do, don't show outstanding difference of the slope. The third, the area-rate of the aspect of Geoje-Do is almost same in all direction. And the area-rate of south-west direction is the highest. According to the geology of Geoje-Do, granite is distributed the most widely, and the area of volcanic and granite occupy 60% of entire island's area. According to analysis of influence of geology with elevation, geology has little relationship with elevation. According to analysis of geology and drainage network, streams are inclined to be developed well in Alluvium area. Drainage network is well developed throughout the entire island, except southeast area. The highest order of stream is 4 in 1:25,000 topographic map. The density of stream in Geoje-Do is very high, such as 1.6. The bifurcation-ratio of stream is also higher than 4 in all order. The length-ratio of stream is ranged from 1.24 to 3.25. According to the relationship between order and elevation. order is the greater, elevation is the lower. According to the relationship between order and slope, order is the greater, slope is the gentler. In this study, we use DTED Data, and compare it with topographic map data. According to the comparison, there is a little difference between DTED data and topographic map data. Therefore, to use DTED data in landform analysis, it is required coordinate matching process. This process is very important, and take very long time. Thus, if you use DTED in landform analysis, some processes are required. DTED data can be taken very easily, but its using is not simple. Because coordinate adjust is very hard work.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.15-28
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• 2013

This paper was made on the basis of geotourism to explain morphological characteristics of Patagonia and Atacama region in the Andes through 10-day fieldwork. The Patagonian landscape was focused on the Torres del Paine National Park, Chile and the Los Glacier National Park, Argentina; on the other hand, the Atacama morphological landscape was investigated around the San Pedro de Atacama. Many geomorphological features such as uplift, semiarid and glacier landscapes can be found in Patagonia, so it is strongly recommended to have an opportunity to enjoy these landforms by geotourism. Massive intrusive rock bodies of granite can be shown in those two National Parks declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO. And, the Atacama Desert located on the forearc depression in the Andes, Chile has also many geomorphological destinations of arid and volcanic landforms; badland, pediplain, pediment, salt lake and geyser. Especially, huge pediplain is one of the greatest view points in the Atacama Desert. Patagonia and Atacama are the best geographical tourism sites to know diverse tectonic landforms made by the conflict between South American and Pacific plates.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.171-171
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• 2011

급격한 기상이변과 자연현상의 변화에 의해 자연재해가 발생하며, 이러한 변화로 인해 전 세계적으로 환경뿐만 아니라 방재의 중요성 또한 대두되고 있으나, 강우 강도의 예측 분야에서는 여유추정시간의 차이로 인해 방재현상에 대한 구체적인 협력을 하지 못했던 것이 사실이다. 현재 가장 많이 사용하고 있는 레이더 강우자료와 지상 우량계의 강우자료는 여유추정시간이 3시간에서 4시간 사이의 단기 예측만을 가능하게 한다. 본 연구에서는 이의 개선을 위하여 청미천 유역을 대상으로 GIS를 이용하여 CN value를 추출하고, 지역 강우 모형인 Weather Research Forecast(WRF) - Advanced Research WRF(ARW)를 통하여 모의한 강우자료에 대하여 과거 같은 기간의 강우자료와 비교 검증한 후 지역 강우 모형을 통하여 모의한 자료를 HEC-HMS의 Input자료로 활용하여 지역 유출량을 산정한다. 또한 유역의 지표면 유출 모의를 통하여 강우-유출현상과 수리-수문학적 과정을 상호 연결하고, 강우에 의한 유역 지표면에서의 유출을 도출하며, 최적화된 매개변수들의 조합을 개선하여 대상유역의 현상을 보다 유사하게 나타낼 것이다. 이와 함께 WRF-ARW 모형을 통하여 여유추정시간의 증가를 모색하며 그로인한 홍수예측 및 경계체계를 확립하기 위해 연구를 진행한다. 이 지역강우 모형의 대한민국 지형의 적용성 즉, 대한민국 지형에 가장 잘 어울리는 최적화된 매개변수들의 조합을 알아내고 그의 적용현실성을 찾아내려 한다. 더 나아가 강우에 대한 예측을 통해 홍수 경보 체계를 위한 자료로 활용할 수 있는 방안 또한 모색할 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 2006

Path-finding, one of the traditional Game A.I. problems, becomes an important issue to make games more realistic. Due to the limited resources in the computer system, path-finding systems sometimes produce a simplified and unrealistic path. The most relent researches have been focused on the path-finding avoiding only static obstacles. Various moving obstacles are however deployed in real games, a method avoiding those obstacles and producing a smooth path is necessary. In this paper, navigation mesh is used to represent 3D space and its topological characteristics are used for path-finding. Intellectual repulser and attractor are also used to avoid moving obstacles and to find an optimal path. We have evaluated the path produced by the method proposed in this paper and verified its usability in real game.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.42-55
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• 2006

In most multimedia systems, the environment is considered as a passive background. In virtual environment simulating real world, however, terrain affects many events such as wind, rain, cloud. Therefore, it is necessary to model terrain and meteorological phenomenon in order to simulate realistic virtual environment. In those modeling, not only height and location information but also environmental factors such as temperature and humidity are important. An event is composed of many activities and subevents based on causality and consists of precondition , procedure and effects. Each part of an event is formulated in terms of a number of parameter variables, which correspond to its associated factors on existence or states of entities and relation. This paper represents terrain and environmental factor using contour map. Moreover, we define various events and their procedures in terms of causality in virtual environment.