• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 1997

당뇨병은 고혈당을 조절 안할 경우에는 돌이킬 수 없는 신체적 합병증은 물론 정신적 손상까지 받지만, 고혈당은 노력만 하면 조절이 가능하며, 정상에 가까울 정도로 조절되면 정상인과 같은 삶을 영위할 수 있다. 그러나 보건의료 전문가의 인슐린 주사 요법, 식사 및 운동요법 등의 일방적인 처방만으로 성공적인 당조절을 기대하기에는 어려움이 있다. 그래서 당뇨병 환자에게 당뇨병이라는 것이 무엇이며, 어떻게 이 병을 스스로 조절할 수 있게 만드느냐가 더욱 중요한 것이다. 따라서 우리나라에서도 당뇨병에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 각 지역과 의료기관마다 다양한 당뇨병 교육 프로그램이 실시되고 있다. 특히 소아 당뇨병 환자는 이러한 전통적인 당뇨병에 관한 교육을 통해서 당뇨병에 관한 지식은 많이 가지고 있지만, 당뇨병 자가 조절을 위한 환자 역할 행위(sick-role behavior)를 변화시키는데는 그다지 성공절이라 할 수 없다. Bandura(1977)는 자기 효능은 ‘할 수 있다는 자신감’으로 수행 성취, 대리 경험, 언어적 설득, 정서적 각성에 관한 정보에 의해 결정된다고 하였다. 따라서 이러한 정보들은 자기 효능을 증진시키기 위한 중재의 방향을 제시해 준다. 오늘날 이러한 정보를 활용한 중재 프로그램 중에서 가정과 학교를 떠나 자연 환경 속에서의 집단 활동을 통하여 사회 학습 경험을 하는 캠프 프로그램에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 캠프에 참여한 당뇨병 아이들은 캠프 활동속에서 다른 동료 아이들이 자신이 갖고 있는 문제들을 성공적으로 해결해 나가는 것을 관찰하여 대리 경험하게 될 때 희망을 가지게 되며, 당뇨병을 가진 다른 동료들과 공통의 경험을 공유할 수 있는 기회를 갖게 되어 그들은 자신이 더 이상 혼자가 아니며 남과 ‘다르지’도 않다는 것을 깨닫게 되어 점차 자신감을 가지고 살아갈 수 있게 된다. 본 연구는 캠프 프로그램이 소아 당뇨병의 자기 효능을 증진시키고, 당뇨병 환자 역할 행위 이행 정도를 높여주는지를 규명해 봄으로써, 소아 당뇨병 환자를 위한 효과적인 간호 중재 방안을 제시하고자 비동등성 대조군 전후 실험 설계의 유사 실험 연구를 시도하였다. 1996년 8월 10일 부터 12월 12일까지 종합병원에서 추후 관리하고 있는 소아 당뇨병 환자중 선정 기준에 맞는 환자 41명을 연구대상으로 하였으며, 그 중 19명은 실험군으로 Bandura의 자기 효능 증진을 위한 정보원을 활용한 캠프 프로그램을 5박 6일간에 걸쳐 실시하였고, 다음 22명은 대조군으로 캠프 프로그램을 실시하지 않았다. 자료수집은 자기 효능 척도와 환자 행위 역할 이행 척도를 캠프 프로그램을 실시하기 전에 사전 조사를 하고 중재 후 4주째 사후 조사를 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/PC+로 Chi-square test, t-test, ANCOVA, Pearson correlation을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 캠프 프로그램은 소아 당뇨병 환자의 자기 효능을 증진시키고 환자 역할 행위 이행을 높여주는데 효과적 이었다. 소아 당뇨병 환자의 자기 효능은 환자 역할 행위 이행과 순 상관 관계가 있어, 자기 효능이 증진될수록 환자 역할 행위 이행 정도가 높아졌다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 1997

In this study, the applicability of genetic algorithms into the parameter estimation of storage function method for flood routing model is investigated. Genetic algorithm is mathematically established theory based on the process of Darwinian natural selection and survival of fittest. It can be represented as a kind of search algorithms for optima point in solution space and make a reach on optimal solutions through performance improvement of assumed model by applying the natural selection of life as mechanical learning province. Flood events recorded in the Daechung dam are selected and used for the parameter estimation and verification of the proposed parameter estimation method by the split sample method. The results are analyzed that the performance of the model are improved including peak discharge and time to peak and shown that the parameter Rsa, and f1 are most sensitive to storage function model. Based on the analysis for estimated parameters and the comparison with the results from experimental equations, the applicability of genetic algorithm is verified and the improvements of those equations will be used for the augmentation of flood control efficiency.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.45 no.46
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• pp.69-79
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• 1996

동굴은 미지의 세계이고, 암흑의 신비로운 지하세계이기 때문에 우리 인간에게는 매우 흥미로운 공간이라고 할 수 있다. 그러므로 이러한 공간을 관광자원으로 활용하여 지역주민이 소득을 올리고, 청소년에게 탐험의 세계, 모험의 세계는 물론 자연학습의 현장으로 활용할 수 있게 하는 바람직한 경우도 있다. 그러나 이러한 경우 동굴이 개발되면 전자와 같은 긍정적인 면이 있는 반면에 동굴의 파괴, 오손 및 오염과 같은 악영향을 가져오게 되므로 동굴을 개발할 당시부터 악영향을 최소하기 위해서는 환경보전과 환경보호에 커다란 관심을 가져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이제 동굴 개장이 2개월밖에 되지 않은 천곡동굴이 관광지로 개방됨으로써 나타나게 될 환경변화를 미리 살펴보고 그에 대한 대책을 마련하려고 하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 천곡동굴의 경우 동굴 공간이 넓고 관광통로가 왕복통로로 되어 있어 체동인구가 2배가 되므로 많은 관광객의 출입시 동굴 내부의 기온이 상승하기 때문에 동시에 관람할 수 있는 적정 관람객 수를 조절해야 한다. 둘째, 천곡동굴은 개장 시일이 오래 경과하지 않았기 때문에 퇴적물의 파손이 전무하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 이 상태를 계속 유지하기 위해서 동굴 내부에 관리인을 상주시킨다거나, 입동객의 소지품을 보관할 수 있는 장소를 마련하여 동굴퇴적물을 훼손할 수 있는 물건의 반입을 애초에 방지하는 방안도 필요하다고 본다. 마지막으로, 동굴 개발 당시 조명을 너무 가깝게 설치한 때문에 개방 후 얼마 되지 않았음에도 불구하고 몇 군데에서 녹색균류가 관측되고 있으므로 조명시설의 원거리 조정이나 간접조명 대책을 강구해야 한다.만 아니라 오류의 크기도 확률적으로 변하는 상황을 모형에 반영하여 보다 현실성있게 모형화하였다.균 6.5점(2-9점)으로 대체로 높게 나타났는데 이는 대중매체와 신문, 잡지류를 통한 지식의 정보가 많기 때문으로 생각된다 비만 정도에 따라서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5. 비만 정도와 상호간의 관계를 보면 BMI 수치가 높을수록 비만인 형제수가 많았으며, 자신의 비만 자각도도 높았다. 편식율은 비만 정도가 낮을수록 높았으며, 식품섭취 빈도 점수는 비만군에서 높았으나, 저녁식사 후 간식섭취는 BMI가 높은 군에서 하지 않는 비율이 더 높았는데 이것은 감수성이 예민한 여학생들이 자신의 외모에 대한 의식적인 노력으로 보인다. 이상과 같은 결과를 종합해 볼 때 중학교 여학생들은 학교수업을 중심으로 비교적 규칙적인 생활을 하고 따로 운동을 할 시간이 많지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 비만과 관련하여서는 유전적인 요인도 중요하지만 식습관 개선과 식품이 적절한 선택 등을 강조하여 연령과 생활환경에 맞는 영양교육이 필요하다고 본다.알 수 있으며, 현미 30% 첨가한 B2가 그 다음 순위로 선호되어, 백설기 제조에서 율무와 현미의 첨가량은 10%가 권장된다.농촌 지역 여고생보다 많이 섭취하였고, 탄수화물은 농촌지역 여고생이 대도시 지역 여고생에 비하여 유의적으로 많이 섭취하였다. 지역별 여고생의 에너지섭취 비율은 탄수화물 : 단백질 : 지방의 섭취 비율이 대도시 60.75% : 16.4% 22.9%이며, 중소도시가 62.7% : 15.7% : 21.5%,농촌이66.8% : 14. l% : 19.1%이었다. 영양지식의 정확도나 인지도는 영양소 섭취와 유의적인

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2024

This study examined affective representation by analyzing physiological responses measured using wearable devices and affective ratings in response to emotional videos. To achieve this aim, a published dataset was reanalyzed using multidimensional scaling to demonstrate affective representation in two dimensions. Cross-participant classification was also conducted to identify the consistency of emotional responses across participants. The accuracy and misclassification in each emotional condition were described by exploring the confusion matrix derived from the classification analysis. Multidimensional scaling revealed that the represented objects, namely, emotional videos, were positioned along the rated valence and arousal vectors, supporting the core affect theory (Russell, 1980). Vector fittings of physiological responses also showed the associations between heart rate acceleration and low arousal, increased heart rate variability and negative and high arousal, and increased electrodermal activity and negative and low arousal. Using the data of behavioral and physiological responses across participants, the classification results revealed that emotional videos were more accurately classified than the chance level of classification. The confusion matrix showed that awe, enthusiasm, and liking, which were categorized as positive, low arousal emotions in this study, were less accurately classified than the other emotions and were misclassified for each other. Through multivariate analyses, this study confirms the core affect theory using physiological responses measured through wearable devices and affective ratings in response to emotional videos.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2023

In stream ecosystem assessment, RIVPACS, which makes a simple but clear evaluation based on macroinvertebrate community, is widely used. In this study, a preliminary study was conducted to develop a RIVPACS-type model suitable for Korean streams nationwide. Reference streams were classified into two types(upstream and downstream), and a prediction model for macroinvertebrates was developed based on each family. A model for upstream was divided into 7 (train): 3 (test), and that for downstream was made using a leave-one-out method. Variables for the models were selected by non-metric multidimensional scaling, and seven variables were chosen, including elevation, slope, annual average temperature, stream width, forest ratio in land use, riffle ratio in hydrological characteristics, and boulder ratio in substrate composition. Stream order classified 3,224 sites as upstream and downstream, and community compositions of sites were predicted. The prediction was conducted for 30 macroinvertebrate families. Expected (E) and observed fauna (O) were compared using an ASPT biotic index, which is computed by dividing the BMWPK score into the number of families in a community. EQR values (i.e. O/E) for ASPT were used to assess stream condition. Lastly, we compared EQR to BMI, an index that is commonly used in the assessment. In the results, the average observed ASPT was 4.82 (±2.04 SD) and the expected one was 6.30 (±0.79 SD), and the expected ASPT was higher than the observed one. In the comparison between EQR and BMI index, EQR generally showed a higher value than the BMI index.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.813-825
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify students' conceptions and their conceptualization traits in terms of the explanation of subjects: human, animals, and plants. A questionnaire was specially developed to make sure students' conceptions of evolution, students' explanation patterns with the five evolutionary explanations: creationism, internal will explanation, theological explanations, use and disuse explanation and natural selection after mutation and perceived ideas of evolution in terms of the genetic characters of human, animals and plants. 1,540 elementary, middle and high school students participated in responding to the questions. The data was collected and analyzed cross-sectionally by age. Results showed that students' evolutionary explanations were different among each subject: human, animals and plants. Students had concentrated with more 'theological explanations' than 'internal will explanation' and 'use and disuse explanation' about plant evolution. 'Natural selection after mutation explanation' was less represented in explaining human characters. This result showed that the anthropocentric thoughts had influenced students' evolution conceptions. Accordingly, as student's age, 'theological explanation' and 'internal will explanation' became least used in explaining the theory of creation. 'Use and disuse explanation' attained more representation in their explanation. In addition, the diversity of students' evolutionary explanations was getting less attention as age increases. Among youngers, 'theological explanation', 'internal will explanation' and 'use and disuse explanation' showed an even number of responses. The elders responded with more 'use and disuse explanation'. This result let us infer that 'use and disuse explanation' was strongly adhered to by student cognitive structures. Many students recognized that evolution was a kind of scientific hypothesis with little evidence. They have had a little interest in evolution and conceptualized it through informal educational sources. This study mentions that to teach evolution more effectively, teachers should make 'use and disuse explanation' adhere strongly to students' cognitive structure.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.358-375
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were to investigate the value, necessity and legitimacy of STEAM Education and to propose practical approaching methods for STEAM Education to be applicable in Korea through a variety of literature review, case studies and collecting suggestions from domestic and international educational experts. The research questions are as follows: (1) To investigate the perception, understanding and recognitions of domestic and foreign professionals in STEAM education. (2) To analyze policy implications for an improvement in STEAM. The following aspects of STEAM were found to be challenges in our current STEAM policy after analyzing multiple questionnaires with the professionals and case studies including their experiences, understanding, supports and directions of the policy from the governments. The results indicate that (1) there was a lack of precise and conceptual understanding of STEAM in respect to experience. Training sessions for teachers in this field to help transform their perception is necessary. Development of practical programs with an easy access is also required. It is important to get the aims of related educational activities recognized by the professionals and established standards for an evaluation. The experts perceived that a theme-based learning is the most preferred and effective approaching method and the programs that develop creative thinking and learning applicable to practice are required to promote. (2) The results indicate that there was a lack of programs and inducements for supporting outstanding STEAM educators. It is shown that making an appropriate environment for STEAM education takes the first priority before training numbers of teachers unilaterally, thus securing enough budget seems critical. The professionals also emphasize on developing specialized teaching materials that include diverse inter-related subjects such as science technology, engineering, arts and humanities and social science with diverse viewpoints and advanced technology. This work requires a STEAM network for teachers to link up and share their materials, documents and experiences. It is necessary to get corporations, universities, and research centers participated in the network. (3) With respect to direction, it is necessary to propose policy that makes STEAM education ordinary and more practical in the present education system. The professionals have recommended training sessions that help develop creative thinking and amalgamative problem-solving techniques. They require reducing the workload of teachers and changing teachers' perspectives towards STEAM. They further urge a tight cooperation between departments of the government related with STEAM.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.557-573
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the usefulness of teaching Maple in College Mathematics Education. The subject are 60 students of college of science in H university and C university located in Daejeon. They were divided into two parts; an experimental group (group I, group II, each of 20 students) and a control group (group III of 20 students). The group I and II are provided calculus lecture in class as well as Maple lab, while group III are lectured only in class. In order to know the effectiveness of using Maple, a test is designed in the way that group I is allowed to use both pencil and Maple, while group II and III are restricted to use only pencil. The result of this study is as follows. i) According to the performance of testing exam, there is no significant difference between three groups (p>.05) when they are allowed to use only pencil. ii) The achievement of group I is much higher than that of group II and III (p<.05) when they were provided both pencil and Maple. iii) Lot of students in group I who fail to solve with pencil can succeed in solving problems using Maple.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2014

For this paper, we developed a game-addiction therapy program for students with gaming addiction based on multiple intelligences (MI) and verified its effects. The participants were 54 elementary students selected through a game addiction test in Incheon City, Korea. We tested the students' MI to facilitate program development. the students with gaming addiction showed strengths in the Bodily-kinesthetic, Naturalist, and Spatial intelligences whilst showing weaknesses in the Logical-mathematical, Intrapersonal, and Interpersonal intelligences as opposed to normal students who had opposite results. We arranged the program around various gaming and playing activities to engage their stronger intelligences; we added activities to address their weakness (i.e., Logical-mathematical, Intrapersonal, and Interpersonal intelligences). This study has shown that this program lowered the game immersion level of the students and was helpful in turning their attention to other activities. There were significant differences between pretest and posttest game addiction scores (p<0.001). Their weekly gaming time and computer usage decreased rapidly. Satisfaction with the game addiction therapy program based on MI was very high.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 2020

This paper describes the effects of Novel Engineering(NE) on improvement of creative problem-solving abilities. We performed two classes for control and experience group. They are all 5th grade students. Core concept of the NE lesson is ecosystem and interaction with 8 hours long. We designed a lesson able to integrate subjects like Korean, Science and Practical Arts. Then we performed pre-and-post t-test on creative problem-solving ability. The experimental results showed that NE lesson has a high effects on 4 sub-elements like self conviction and independence, diffusion thinking, critical thinking and motivational component. The research showed that NE class is a good teaching-learning method to cultivate various competencies for our children. NE is a convergence learning model integrating various problem-solving paradigms ever researched. Thus we expect that NE is a foundation for convergence curriculum model to lead our children to their future and get settled to all schools.