• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.724-728
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• 2008

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with recurrent pneumothorax after wedge resection in primary spontaneous pneumothorax in our hospital. Material and Method: Two hundred thirty-five consecutive patient (98% males; mean age, $23.9{\pm}4.5$ years) who had undergone video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) were reviewed retrospectively. The two groups were divided as follows: group A, non-recurrent patients (225 patients [96%]); and group B, recurrent group (10 patients [4%]); the risk factors were compared between the two groups. The single and multiple factors that influenced the recurrence rate were analyzed using Cox's proportional hazard model. Result: There were no significant differences between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups in terms of gender, smoking, site of recurrence, degree of collapse, operative time, and number or weight of resected bullae. The recurrence rate was significantly more common in the following: younger ages, increased height/weight ratio, longer initial air leakage period, and shorter duration of chest drainage. Early aggressive exercise (<30 days) of patients after wedge resection increased the tendency for recurrence. Conclusion: Thoracoscopic wedge resection does not have a higher recurrence rate than open thoracotomy. However, young age, height/weight ratio, continuous air, and duration of chest tube placement were risk factors for a recurrent pneumothorax.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.483-492
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the variation in pupil size as shown in the scientific hypothesis generation process of students in Elementary School. The subjects for research consisted of 20 fifth-year students at Seoul B elementary school who agreed to participate in the research. The task consisted of four scientific hypothesis-generating tasks. SMI's Eye Tracker(iView $X^{TM}$ RED) was used to collect eye movement data. Experiment 3.6 and BeGaze 3.6 softwares were used to plan experiment and analyzed the task performance process and eye movement data. The findings of this study are twofold. First, there were four types that generate hypothesis about the tasks. Second, in the moment of generating hypothesis, participants' pupils have grown bigger. And while thinking of generating hypothesis or elaborating hypothesis, there were no big changes. These results show the moment of generating hypothesis is affected by emotional factors besides cognitive factors.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.154-165
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the success factors for the development of health community organizing in regard to its perspective in: 148 village, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews from February 2020 to December 2021. Seven operators who had worked for the project were enrolled in this study. Results: In this study, the success factors for the development of health community organizing were analyzed as follows; building community relationships across generations; starting from interests of the community; belief that working together can solve the issues; external support based on spontaneity of community; project based on publicness; discovering community-based leadership. Conclusions: This study suggested that health community organizing following the principle of community organizing can sustain and develop itself without external support. In order to develop into resident-oriented health community organizing, it is necessary to reflect the success factors derived from this study.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2020

To determine the biological effects of exercise on hippocampus in mice brain exposed to radiofrequency radiaton (RF), the expression of AMPKα, p-AMPKα, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p38, and p-p38 protein in the mouse exposed to RF were investigated in the hippocampal tissues, Western blot method was used to compare the protein expression levels for each molecule. Significant increases in protein expression of individual and phosphorylated molecules were observed in the spontaneous exercise group, and the expression of these molecules was notably decreased in the RF exposure and spontaneous exercise group. This study shows that neuroplasticity can be increased by exercise in hippocampus that is responsible for memory, but memory and cognitive function may be affected by exposure to RF. We may expect clinically interesting results on dementia or Alzheimer disease if we proceed further investigation on the effect of RF.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.493-504
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• 2020

The objectives of this study was to examine the effect of Interactive Video Game on cognitive information processing the elderly. Sixty elderly were attended in this study. Their ages ranged from 65 to 70, with a mean age of 67.60 years. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: (1) interactive video game group (n=20), (2) aerobic exercise group (n=20), (3) control group (n=20). The experimental design of this study was analyzed using two-way ANOVAs with repeated measures of groups and time. Cognitive function was assessed by neuroelectrical response, and ERP analysis. The results of the study showed that the interactive video game group and aerobic exercise group showed no significant statistical differences in the response time, response accuracy, amplitude and potential of the performance of the exercise in cognitive function and ERP analysis, but improved the interaction video game group and aerobic exercise (walking) group over the control group. It was concluded that long-term aerobic exercise like interactive video game is associated with attenuation of cognitive decline in the elderly.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.5-7
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• 2018

원전 관련 기관은 물론, 학계, 산업계, 노동계, 여성계, 언론계, 청년 학생 대표 등 각계각층 인사들이 자발적으로 참여하여 구성된 '원전수출 국민행동'(이하 '원국행')은 3월 20일 한국프레스센터 19층 기자회견장에서 '원전수출 국민행동 출범 기자회견'을 갖고 본격적인 원전 수출 국민 운동에 나섰다. 원국행은 기자회견에서 자타가 공인하는 세계 최고의 수준에 도달한 한국 원자력발전의 기술을 세계에 수출하는 것이야말로 경제적 위기를 극복할 가장 확실한 대안임을 강조하고, 우리 국민 모두가 정부와 힘을 합쳐 합심하여 원전 수출을 지원한다면, 연간 150조 원 규모의 에너지 수출에 원전이 중심적 역할을 할 수 있음을 호소했다. 원전수출 국민행동은 4월 21일 오후 2시 서울 광화문광장에서 범국민적 조직의 출발을 기념하는 '원전수출 국민통합대회'를 개최할 예정이다. 다음은 기자회견문 전문이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.43-43
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• 1992

최근 수년 전부터 학습(learning), 기억(memory)의 분자약리학적 기전과 치매(dementia)의 신경생리학적 원인 규명에 대한 연구가 사회적 요구에 부응하여 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 횐쥐를 이용하여 실험실적 건망모델을 설정하여 항치매 물질의 효력 screening을 시도하였다. 실험실적 건망모델은 다음 두 가지 방법으로 설정하였다. 첫째, Acetylcholine 길항제인 Scopolamine을 사용하여 중추신경계중 기억, 학습기전과 관련된 것으로 알려진 cholinergic신경계률 차단하여 유발한 실험적 건망모델과, 둘째, 단백질합성 저해제인 cycloheximide를 사용하여 기억, 학습경로에 관여하는 수종의 중추 단백질듈을 비선택적으로 저해하여 유발한 실험적 건망모델을 이용하여 인삼, 오미자등의 항치매 효과를 검색하고자 수동적 회피학습능, 능동적 회피학습능, 자발운동량을 측정하여 기억, 학습, 행동의 상관 관계를 고찰하였다.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.246-247
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• 2001

짧은 파장의 레이저 빔이 비선형 결정에 입사할 때 긴 파장의 두 광으로 자발적으로 변환하는 매개 하향변환(parametric down-convension; PDC)과정을 통해서 양자적 상관관계를 갖는 광원을 얻을 수 있다. PDC 과정은 에너지 보존 (w$_{p}$ = w$_{s}$ ＋ w$_{i}$)과 운동량 보존 (k$_{p}$ = k$_{s}$ ＋ k$_{i}$)에 해당하는, 위상조화 (phase matching) 조건이 잘 만족할 때 효과적으로 일어난다. PDC에서 광자들이 아주 짧은 시간에 쌍으로 발생한다는 것과 이러한 광자쌍을 동시에 측정하는(coincidence count; 동시계수) 방법을 이용하면 효과적으로 신호와 잡음을 분리해 낼수 있고, 배경(background)이나 잡음(noise)보다 미약한 신호를 통해서도 정보를 전달할 수 있는 가능성을 제공해준다. (중략)

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 1983

The behavioral pattern of an animal is influenced by endogenous and endogenous stimuli such as humoral secretion, neurohumoral transmitters, drugs, light and environmental change. It has teen known that adenosine is a normal constituent of brain, and has sedative or hypnotic effects and anticonvulsant effects, inhibiting the spontaneous firing of cells in the brain via membrane adenosine receptors. Recent studies suggest that the excitatory responses to xanthines in the CNS might be related to the competitive antagonism of xanthines to adenosine. This study was undertaken to Investigate the effects of adenosine and the CNS stimulants such as picrotoxin, strychnine and caffeine on the spontaneous activity of mire, and to examine the influence of adenosine on the seizures induced by large doses of CNS stimulants. Subjects were $20{\sim}30\;g$ adult mice, and the spontaneous activity was measured using the Selective Activity Meter after intraperitoneal injection of adenosine (10 mg/kg), caffeine (100 mg/kg), strychnine(0.2 mg/kg) or picrotoxin(0.5 mg/kg) with or without adenosine pretreatment. The seizures were induced with caffeine(200, 250 and 300 mg/kg), strychnine(1.25 and 1.5 mg/kg) or picrotoxin(10 and 15 mg/kg). The results are summarized as follows : 1) The spontaneous activity in mite was significantly inhibited between 10 and 20 minutes after adenosine treatment. 2) Caffeine and picrotoxin increased the motor activity significantly while strychnine had no effect on the activity. 3) The ambulatory activity in the caffeine, strychnine and picrotoxin treated groups was significantly inhibited by adenosine pretreatment. 4) The seizures were observed with caffeine(200, 250 and 300 m9/kg), strychnine(1.25 and 1.5 mg/kg) or picrotoxin(10 and 15 mg/kg). The caffeine induced seizures were inhibited by adenosine pretreatment, but the strychnine or picrotoxin induced seizures were not affected.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.1 s.17
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• pp.55-60
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• 1975

An animal which is placed in a new environment displays a complex behavioral pattern consisting of locomotion, grooming and rearing. This behavioral pattern is influenced by endogenous and exogenous stimuli, such as hormonal secretion, level of neurohumoral transmitters, drugs and light. It is widely known that the most tranquilizers depressed spontaneous motor activity although their mechanisms of action were different, while antidepressants stimulated except imipramine which showed various action. Until the present time, the hole-board apparatus, which gives rather subjective data, has been used extensively to study the effects of drugs on general activity and exploratory behavior in mice. Recently a new apparatus for mobility measurements, called a 'Selective Activity Meter' has been introduced. This instrument supposedly produces more objective data on activity and behavior. The purpose of the present experiment was to study the influence of psychotropics on motor activity using the Selective Activity Meter. In the experiment, various psychotropic agents such as major tranquilizers(chlorpromazine, haloperidol); minor tranquilizers(meprobamate, diazepam); and antidepressants(amphetamine, imipramine) were used. In each experiment, the drug was administered to five mice and their activity was recorded. Each experiment was run five or more times and the results are based on the mean of each trial. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The group of mice treated with chlorpromazine showed markedly inhibited motor activity in comparison with controls and the inhibitory action of chlorpromazine was shown to be more intense than any of the other drugs used in the test. Haloperidol administration yielded similar results until 60 minutes, but mice showed less inhibition of motor activity than with chlorpromazine after 90 minutes. 2. In the group treated with diazepam, there was strong inhibition of motor activity until 30 minutes, but after 60 minutes the mice showed less inhibition than with chlorpromazine. In the meprobamate group, motor activity was inhibited in a manner similar to that of other tranquilizers, but the inhibition was less than that of diazepam. 3. In the group treated with imipramine, the inhibition developed gradually after ten minutes. 4. The effects of amphetamine did not appear until 30 minutes after administration, but then there was a significant increase in the motor activity.