• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2007

In this paper, the stroke-based text extraction algorithm for digital video is proposed. The proposed algorithm consists of four stages such as text detection, text localization, text segmentation and geometric verification. The text detection stage ascertains that a given frame in a video sequence contains text. This procedure is accomplished by morphological operations for the pixels with higher possibility of being stroke-based text, which is called as seed points. For the text localization stage, morphological operations for the edges including seed points ate adopted followed by horizontal and vortical projections. Text segmentation stage is to classify projected areas into text and background regions according to their intensity distribution. Finally, in the geometric verification stage, the segmented area are verified by using prior knowledge of video text characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.444-447
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 비디오에서 자막을 자동 추출하기 위한 강건한 자막 분리 알고리즘을 제안한다. 주어진 비디오에서 자막이 존재할 가능성이 있는 프레임에 대해 자막 후보 영역의 위치를 찾은 다음, 자막 후보 영역으로부터 강건하게 자막을 추출한다. 추출된 자막 후보 영역에 대해 Dampoint labeling을 수행하여 자막과 비슷한 색상을 갖는 배경을 제거하고, 마지막으로 기하학적 검증을 통해 최종적으로 자막 여부를 판별한다. 제안된 방법을 여러 장르의 비디오에 대해 적용 결과 복잡한 배경을 갖는 비디오에서 자막을 강건하게 추출함을 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2024

My study aimed to investigate the current status of learning support for hearing-impaired college students, as well as their preferences and satisfaction regarding subtitles and professional shorthand learning support. Hearing-impaired individuals communicate using sign language, written language, and spoken language. Closed captioning services for the hearing-impaired have expanded as social awareness of protecting the right to information access for people with disabilities has increased. This study was conducted with 22 hearing-impaired college students who fully responded to the survey items out of a total of 30 participants. Analysis of the style and position of television subtitles by gender revealed a preference for subtitles to be located at the bottom center of the screen. Regarding professional shorthand learning support, 77.3% of respondents indicated that their subtitle preference was independent of the number of subtitle lines. Satisfaction with professional shorthand learning support services by gender was found to be 4.14±0.44, with female students showing higher satisfaction than male students. These results suggest that offering various subtitle options and providing customizable features for subtitle types and positions are essential for improving the learning environment for hearing-impaired college students.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2019

This study intended to investigate the effects of the subtitle location on the decreased working memory abilities caused by aging. A junior group (average age: 26, SD: 3.06, N=27) and a senior group (average age: 61.69, SD=4.18, N=26) participated in this study and they all performed N-back tasks which measured the working memory ability of the participants and video subtitle recognition tasks that assessed the most effectively recognized subtitle locations in the video. The results of the N-back task revealed slower response times and low accuracy rates in the senior group in comparison to the junior group, suggesting lower working memory abilities in the senior group vis-à-vis the junior group. The deterioration of working memory due to aging also negatively influenced the 'left-bottom' subtitle location in the video subtitle recognition task and positively influenced the 'left-center' location of the screen. The deterioration of working memory ability did not affect other subtitle locations. By examining the positive or negative effects of the deterioration of working memory ability as a function of age on subtitle locations, the present study suggests that the selection of suitable subtitle locations taking into account the ages of video viewers would cause information to be more effectively displayed on screen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2012.06c
• /
• pp.332-334
• /
• 2012

최근 영화나 드라마 같은 미디어 데어터가 폭발적으로 증가하면서, 다양한 언어로 번역된 자막 데이터도 증가하고 있다. 이러한 자막은 대부분 화면 하단이나 우측에 위치가 고정되어 나타내는 방식을 취하고 있다. 그러나 이 방식에는 몇 가지 한계점을 가지고 있다. 자막과 등장인물의 얼굴이 거리가 먼 경우, 시청자의 시선이 분산되어 영상에 집중하기 어렵다는 점과 청각장애를 가진 사람의 경우 자막만으로는 누가 말하고 있는 대사인지 혼동이 온다는 점이다. 본 논문에서는 만화에서 대사를 전달하기 위해 사용하던 말풍선을 동영상의 자막을 나타내는데 사용하는 새로운 자막 시스템을 제안한다. 말풍선을 사용하면 말꼬리로 화자의 위치를 가리키고, 시청자의 시선을 화자의 얼굴 근처에 집중시킴으로써 기존 자막이 갖는 한계점을 개선시킬 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과물을 검증하기 위해 사용자 평가를 실시했고, 기존의 자막 방식에 비해 시선의 안정성과 흥미성, 정확도에서 더 낫다는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.619-623
• /
• 2002

We can speak caption as information that can not except caption on sports video. The sports highlight were composed that we recognize captioning. This paper is the necessary work to the middle-step to analysis the caption through the retrieval and discrimination from the position of caption. This paper improve at first and simplify the image through the excellent threshold value algorithm in the preprocessing and then use method that can analysis caption through the multiplex frame merging algorithm. Its speed performing shows up higher and simplier than the region growing process.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2009

Text information in a digital video provides crucial information to acquire semantic information of the video. In the proposed method. text candidate regions are extracted from input sequence by using characteristics of stroke and text candidate regions are localized by using projection to produce text bounding boxes. Bounding boxes containing text regions are verified geometrically and each bounding box existing same location is tracked by calculating matching measure. which is defined as the mean of absolute difference between bounding boxes in the current frame and previous frames. Finally. text regions are enhanced using temporal redundancy of bounding boxes to produce final results. Experimental results for various videos show the validity of the proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2000.10b
• /
• pp.359-361
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서는 비디오 자막 이미지를 인식하기 위해 필요한 영상 향상의 단계로서 다중 결합을 적용한다. 또한 다중 결합을 위한 동일한 자막의 판단 및 결합된 결과를 재평가하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 입력된 칼라 이미지로부터 RLS(Run Length Smearing)가 적용된 에지 이미지를 얻고, 수직 및 수평 히스토그램 분포를 이용하여 자막과 자막 영역에 대한 정보를 추출한다. 프레임 내의 자막 영역의 중첩 정도를 이용하여 동일 자막을 판단하고, 동일한 자막을 갖는 프레임들끼리 다중 결합을 수행함으로써 향상된 이미지를 얻는다. 끝으로 결합된 영상에 대한 평가를 수행하여 잘못 결합된 이미지들로 인한 오류를 해결하고 재평가한다. 제안한 방법을 통해, 배경 부분의 잡영이 완화된 자막 이미지를 추출하여 인식의 정확성과 신뢰성을 높일 수 있었다. 또한 동일한 자막의 시작 프레임과 끝 프레임의 위치 파악은 디지털 비디오의 색인 및 검색에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.126-137
• /
• 2018

Visual characters used in television affect the viewers in a different way from printed media. This paper analyzed the visual characters presented in each home shopping channel and their year-by-year characteristics in terms of layouts. Based on the results, the readability was analyzed according to different layouts, suggesting optimal layouts that allows for better communication with the viewers. The purpose of this study is thus to focus on the visual character layouts, which have not been fully explored to date, in order to identify the most effective one among basic locations of visual characters. The results indicate that the bottom location shows higher readability than top. The right side showed higher preference than left, while readability did not demonstrate a significant difference. As for the L-bar and reverse L-bar, the L-bar arrangement was shown preferable in terms of readability. Finally, the layout should be determined considering the readability by location.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.10 no.2 s.34
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2005

Caption texts frequently inserted in a manufactured video image for helping an understanding of the TV audience. In the movies. replacement of the caption texts can be achieved without any loss of an original image, because the caption texts have their own track in the films. To replace the caption texts in early methods. the new texts have been inserted the caption area in the video images, which is filled a certain color for removing established caption texts. However, the use of these methods could be lost the original images in the caption area, so it is a Problematic method to the TV audience. In this Paper, we propose a new method for replacing the caption text after recovering original image in the caption area. In the experiments. the results in the complex images show some distortion after recovering original images, but most results show a good caption text with the recovered image. As such, this new method is effectively demonstrated to replace the caption texts in video images.