• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1001-1002
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.349-352
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• 1987

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the phonological information or the orthographic information plays a major role in visual word recognition. To do so, we used a non-word lexical decision task(LDT) in Experiment 1 and masked priming tasks in Experiement 2 and 3. The results of Experiment 1 showed that reaction times and the error rates were affected by the orthographic characteristics of the non-word stimuli such that orthographically similar non-words condition showed prolonged reaction times and higher error rates than control condition. In Experiment 2 and Experiment 3, the participants performed masked priming lexical decision tasks in two SOA conditions(60ms, 150ms). The results of the both experiments showed that the orthographically identical first syllable priming facilitated lexical decision of the target words while both of the pseudo-homophone priming and the phonologically identical first syllable priming did not. The dual route hypothesis(Coltheart et al, 2001), assuming that orthographic information rather than phonological information is the major source for the visual word recognition processes, fits well with the results of the current study.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 2021

Grouting is used for reinforcement and waterproofing of soft ground to increase its bearing capacity, reduce the impacts of rising or lowering groundwater levels, and reduce subsidence due to vibration and general causes. This study investigated the enhancement of grout strength and hardening time by the addition of reinforcing fibers, and the development of non-cement grouting materials from blast furnace slag. An experiment was performed to measure the increase in grout strength resulting from the addition of 0.5% increments of aramid and carbon reinforcing fibers. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of grout increases with increasing content of reinforcing fiber. Comparison of three admixtures of finely powdered blast furnace slag and 10%, 20%, and 30% calcium hydroxide stimulating agent showed that the uniaxial compressive strength of the mixture increases with increasing content of alkaline stimulant; however, the strength was lower than for 100% pure cement. The reaction of calcium hydroxide with blast furnace slag powder, which increases the strength of the grout, is more effective if injected as a solution rather than a powder.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.347-364
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• 2014

The present study was conducted to investigate how emotional expression change, test delay, and background influence on face recognition. In experiment 1, participants were presented with negative faces at study phase and administered for standard old-new recognition test including targets of negative and neutral expression for the same faces. In experiment 2, participants were studied negative faces and tested by old-new face recognition test with targets of negative and positive faces. In experiment 3, participants were presented with neutral faces at study phase and had to identify the same faces with no regard for negative and neutral expression at face recognition test. In all three experiments, participants were assigned into either immediate test or delay test, and target faces were presented in both white and black background. Results of experiments 1 and 2 indicated higher rates for negative faces than neutral or positive faces. Facial expression consistency enhanced face recognition memory. In experiment 3, the superiority of facial expression consistency were demonstrated by higher rates for neutral faces at recognition test. If facial expressions were consistent across encoding and retrieval, memory performance on face recognition were enhanced in all three experiments. And the effect of facial expression change have different effects on background conditions. The findings suggest that facial expression change make face identification hard, and time and background also affect on face recognition.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 2012

We tested the effects of endogenous attention and reorienting on the performance of detection task. In the classic detection paradigm of Posner and Cohen (1980), performance on target detection is measured, where target appears either on the same or difference spatial location of cue stimulus after brief period of SOA (stimulus onset asynchrony). In this study, we induced exogenous attention by manipulating predictability of cue for target, and also induced reorientation by inserting additional (reorienting) cue between initial cue and target. Experiment 1 had three conditions of reorienting speed: Early, middle, and late. Facilitation and IOR (inhibition of return) occurred in different forms depending on SOA and reorienting speed, but we were not able to discover interpretable pattern in the results. However, reanalysis of early reorienting condition revealed that facilitation and IOR occurred in a crossed manner where short SOA found facilitation and long SOA did IOR, the typical results of simple detection task. Experiment 2 collected additional data to replicate the results in early reorienting condition of experiment 1. The results obtained that facilitation occurred with short SOA and IOR with long SOA. These results contrast with those of Wright and Richard (2000) where they reported elimination of IOR when cue had predictability of target locations. These results suggest that additional cue (here, orienting cue), which rapidly appears before extinction of IOR by prior cue, brings about double IOR. The present research demonstrates that even when attention is allocated to certain location via endogenous mechanism, rapidly repeating cues in certain location maximizes IOR that offsets the effects of endogenous attention to the same location.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.553-559
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• 2015

In this study, to suggest the application method of recycled fine aggregate, the non-cement mortar was prepared and studied with the binders of blast furnace slag, fly ash, and fly ash from combined heat power plant. As a basic experiment, a series of tests was conducted to determine the potions of the binders and types of activator. When the binder was consisted with 20% of fly ash and 40% of fly ash from combined heat power plant, the highest strength of the mortar was obtained, and as an activator, the combination of sodium hydroxide 2.5%, and calcium hydroxide 7.5% showed the highest strength of the mortar. Therefore, this study focuses on engineering properties of mortar contains fly ash from combined heat power plant and recycled fine aggregate according to replacement ratio of recycled fine aggregate based on the optimum mix from the basic experiment. As a result, the best replacement ratio of recycled fine aggregate is 75%.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.389-408
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• 2012

'Verbal overshadowing' refers to the phenomenon whereby the verbal reporting of a visual memory of a face interferes with subsequent visual recognition of that face. Schooler (2002)[1] suggested that verbalization causes a shift from a holistic/global processing orientation towards a more analytic/local processing orientation that is detrimental to face recognition. The present research investigated whether this processing shift occurs or not by assessing performance of Navon task following face recognition task, interposing verbalization between encoding stage and retrieval stage. The face recognition task showed the verbal overshadowing effect. In the Navon task, while non-verbalization group showed global precedence, verbalization group showed local precedence. This results imply that the cause of verbal overshadowing effect is a processing shift induced by verbalization.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.14-14
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• 1991

후두의 생리적 기능은 하기도를 보호하는 방어기능과 호흡기능 그리고 발성기능으로 대별할 수 있는데 이 가운데 계통발생적으로 가장 원시적이지만 중요한 기능은 하기도 방어기능으로 이는 다른 기능과 달리 전적으로 불수의적이고 반사적으로 이루어진다. 이 기능은 후두내 점막에 존재하는 촉각 수용체(tactile receptor)가 자극되면서 후두근육이 수축 반사를 일으켜 성문이 닫히는 성문폐쇄반사(glottic closure reflex)로서 다접합뇌간반사(polysynaptic brain stem response)이다. 현재까지 후두의 신경장애에서 그 부위나 정도 또는 신경재생 상태 등을 검사하는 방법으로 근전도검사가 주로 쓰여져 왔으나 그것이 주는 정보가 극히 제한되어 있다. 그러나 최근 청각뇌간유발반응과 같이 후두뇌간유발반응 이라 명명된 wave가 존재한다는 사실이 밝혀져 이에 대한 연구가 이루어지고 있어 이것이 임상에 쓰여질 수 있다면 현재 성문폐쇄반사의 소실이나 이상이 원인으로 사료되는 idiopathic laryngospasm, gastroesophageal reflux, spastic dysphonia, stuttering, sudden infant death syndrome과 같은 질환의 진단과 치료에 커다란 진전이 있을 것이다. 이에 저자들은 고양이 6마리를 이용하여 상후두신경을 전기적으로 자극하여 유발되는 반응을 far field recording을 이용 평균 가산법으로 그 wave를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 상후두신경자극(2㎃, stimuli frequency 3/s, Band filter 320-1000, 0.2 ㎳ duration)에 의한 반회신경에의 유발 반응을 기록하였고 그 잠복시간은 평균 8.2 ㎳ 였다. 2. 상후두신경을 자극하여 후두뇌간유발반응을 기록하였고 후두뇌간유발반응은 4개의 양 wave와 4개의 음 wave로 구성되었다. 3. 각 wave의 평균 잠복시간은 P1은 0.8㎳, P2는 2.3㎳, P3는 3.6㎳, P4는 4.3㎳였고 N1은 1.5㎳, N2 은 2.7㎳, N3는 3.9㎳, N4는 5.5㎳ 였다.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to evaluate the strength development of blast furnace slag concrete in response to the use of recycled aggregate as alkali activator. The influence of the amount of recycled aggregate was evaluated depending on different ratios of replacement for each RFA and RCA to NFA and NCA, respectively. The results indicated that as replacement of RFA and RCA increased, their strength exhibited to be increased. This was due to the fact that the latent hydraulic properties of blast furnace slag was activated by the alkali in recycled aggregates. However, in case of 365-days, it showed lower compressive strength than using NA(natural aggregates) which could be explained as the exhaustively use of alkali containing in RA. The specimens using RA showed about 90% of compressive strength comparing with specimens using NA.