• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.281-306
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• 2014

This paper explores the how the disability type, severeness and economic activeness affects marital satisfaction, and seeks to improve marital satisfaction among disabled by clarifying mediating effects of discriminatory experiences in everyday experiences. This research was done with 3,463 married disabled who were prone to everyday discrimination, among whom were enrolled in research database of Employment Development Institute of Korea Employment Promotion Agency for the Disabled. The research showed positive effects between marital satisfaction and everyday discriminatory experience except for unemployed people and severe among all the disabled type (external disability, sensory disability, mental disability, internal disability), disability severeness (severe and light), and economic activeness (paid workers, self-employed, home-worker, unemployed, not economically active). Also, relationship between disability type, severeness, economical activeness and marital satisfaction was partly mediated through everyday discriminatory experiences. Therefore, active movements to reduce everyday discrimination are strongly advised.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.599-619
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• 2000

본 연구는 지난 30여 년 동안 두 번의 신도시개발 정책으로 인하여 이원적 도시구조를 지니게 된 성남시의 차별적 생성과 변화를 행위주체자로서 여성을 선택하여 그들의 생활세계-생활사, 사회.경제적 배경, 지역정체성, 지역사회의 관계, 일상과 생활공간-를 통하여 공간과 사회와의 관계에서 경험적으로 입증하고자 하였다. 그 결과 성남시는 차별성을 지닌 두 지역사회를 생성하게 되었으며, 각 장소의 행위주체자(여성)의 생활세계에 있어서도 차별적 특성을 나타내어 기존시가지 주부들은 신시가지에 <가까이 하려는> 경향을, 신시간지 주부들는 <구별짓기>의 경향을 나타내고 있었다. 또한 전업주부의 일상생활을 통해서 볼 때 기존시가지의 경우에는 오전에는 주로 부업활동에, 오후에는 주변 이웃과의 교제활동을 주로 함으로써 자신의 거주지를 생산현장으로서의 공간으로 형성해 가고 있는 반면 신시가지 주부들은 오전에는 사적인 생활 즉 여가활동에, 오후에는 자녀교육활동에 참여하는 등 자신의 거주지를 소비현장으로서의 공간으로 형성해 가고 있었다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.459-466
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• 2020

This study aimed to analyze characteristics and factors affecting of depression by households type of elderly with disabilities. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, logistic regression analyses according to the PSED. Data were 608 individuals. First, The one-person households group showed significantly female, non-capital, severe disorder, lower health status, lower economic level, higher help for daily life, higher experience of discrimination, lower satisfaction with relationship, lower participation in social activities. Second, Factors affecting depression included experience of discrimination, participation in social activities. Multi-person group included gender, occupied area, health status, economic level and one-person group were help for daily life. In order to reduce depression, it is necessary to reduce experience of discrimination, improve awareness of disability, health care, economic supports and so on. This study is meaningful in that it classifies households types. In the future, there is a need to longitudinal studies.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.56
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• pp.169-196
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• 2017

Korean unwed mothers and their families often experience discriminatory and unfair treatment in their everyday lives. However, there has been little research examining discrimination against unwed mothers and its effects on these women's lives. Therefore, further studies are needed to identify and assess types and degree of discrimination against unwed mothers. This study aims to investigate and develop a reliable and valid measurement scale of experiences of discrimination for Korean unwed mothers. For developing the scale, the researchers constructed a concept and sub factors, and the pre-scale of 75 items of discrimination experiences of unwed mothers by conducting a literature review and focus groups interviews, Validity and reliability of the scale were tested by carrying out an item quality analysis, a exploratory factor analysis, a correlation analysis, a criterion validity test and a reliability analysis, The scale of 21 items was constructed with three dimensions. This study is significant that it provides the scale of discrimination for Korea unwed mothers with high reliability and validity to identify and verify types and degree of discrimination experiences of unwed mothers.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.42-52
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• 2021

This study was conducted to identify the influence of the discrimination experienced in daily life and social isolation on depression among older adults living in the community. This study was a secondary analysis of the data of 2017 Living Profiles of Older Adults Survey. The participants was a representative sample among the older adults 65 years and older. Data from 10,041 older adults were analyzed for this study. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were used. When the discrimination experiences was added in model 1, the likelihood of being depressed was 1.95(1.60-2.36) times higher for those who experienced discrimination comparing with those who didn't experienced discrimination. When the social isolation was added in model 2, the likelihood of being depressed was 1.89(1.55-2.30) times higher in those who experienced discrimination. In addition, as the number of close friends, neighbors, and acquaintances decreased by one, the likelihood of being depressed increased by 1.14 times. Those who were isolated from family, friends, neighbors and acquaintances were 3.90 times more likely to be depressed. Therefore, social efforts are needed to reduce the experience of discrimination. Maintaining a social network or creating a new network will contribute to lowering the level of depression in older adults who have experienced discrimination.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.659-689
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• 2020

This study focuses on the process of internalizing the perception of negative discrimination among elderly people who have experienced age discrimination. The grounded theory method was used to identify the age discrimination experienced by the elderly in their daily lives and to explore the consequences of such discrimination through self-ageism. According to the analysis results, the elderly respond not only to explicit discrimination but also to implicit discrimination. In this process, the stronger the pain of old age (poverty, disease, ignorance, and solitude) and the stronger the memory of failing to respond to discrimination, the higher the level of self-ageism. "Self-ageism" has internalized the negative image of the elderly, who have been discriminated against by age, resulting in disadvantages in terms of quality of life through various reject/separate/suspension actions in reality. In the presence of supportive resources such as health, institutional support, and caregivers, the elderly have room to overcome self-ageism through more active ways. However elderly people who cannot motivate themselves and they lack these resources, elderly are trapped in negative reflux caused by self-ageism and sustained a depressed and shrinking life. In this state, it is not easy to motivate themselves and make physical, cognitive, emotional and social responses. Therefore, in this analysis, we specifically noted two aspects, contextual conditions and interventional conditions, and proposed programs for synchronizing senior citizens and improving resiliency from a microscopic point of view, and argued for the need to develop systems such as supplementing welfare and health service systems related to the entire life cycle, expanding accessibility and 'age-integration' through 'Community Care', awareness improvement and anti-discrimination laws.

• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-111
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• 2017

The following study aims for analyzing the effects of influencing factors of self-esteem for persons with disabilities in the generation of echo-boomers. 278 disabled people born form 1992 to 1979 among the participants in the $7^{th}$ Panel Survey on persons with disabilities have been selected for ensuring reliability of analyzing this survey. As for the method of research, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, And multiple regression analysis were used for verifying influencing factors of their self-esteem. As the result of the examination which analyzed factors effecting self-esteem of persons with disabilities, self-esteem tends to be increased when academic levels and interpersonal relation skills are increased in the human major human capitals factors. In terms of the factors of Socio-Econimic, self-esteem is likely to be increased when they do not have any experiences of discrimination in their daily lives and when they subjectively feel their socio-economic positions are higher enough. In accordance to the results of this study, strategies of policy and practice in social welfare for the persons with disabilities in the generation of echo-boomers are suggested to include all that factors between human capitals factors and socio-economic factors to increases their self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2024

This study validated and investigated the psychological properties of the Korean version of Everyday Ageism Scale to measure subtle ageism in day-to day lives. A total of 498 adults aged 60 and above participated in this study, which involved measuring the everyday ageism scale, experiences of elderly discrimination, self-perception of aging scale, depression (SCL-90R), and satisfaction with life scale. The sample was randomly divided into two groups.Tthe first group(n=198) used for exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis, and the second group(n=300) was used for confirmatory factor analysis and validity testing. As a result, if was confirmed that K-EAS consist of 10 items and 3 dimensions (i.e., exposure to ageist messages, ageism in interpersonal interactions, and internalized ageism), consistent with the original scale. K-EAS demonstrated good internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and incremental validity. In specific, ageism in interpersonal interactions and internalized ageism were correlated with experiences of elderly discrimination, negative self-perceptions of aging, and depression. However, ageism in interpersonal interactions and internalized ageism were negatively correlated with positive self-perceptions of aging and satisfaction with life. Also, the K-EAS provided additional explanation of depression even when excluding the effect of experiences of elderly discrimination. The result confirme that K-EAS is reliable and valid. The implication and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for the use of K-EAS and future research, were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.593-614
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• 2018

By applying the concept of microaggression (subtle and indirect form of discrimination), the aim of this study was to develop and validate the Everyday Gender Microaggression Scale (EGM). For this purpose, based on the results of literature review, surveys, and individual interviews, we developed 17 pilot items. Next, after expert content validation, we administered online survey to 180 adult women and conducted exploratory factor analysis. The result revealed 2 factors, 14 items, and this structure was reconfirmed through confirmatory factor analysis in another sample of 219 adult women. Convergent and concurrent validities were also examined via correlations with measures of sexism, depression, and life satisfaction. We discussed implications, ways to use the EGM, and suggestions for future research.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.143-155
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• 2011

Disabled elderly faced with disability and the aged problems at the same time. So, this research creates two research questions and examines. First research question is how nine dimensions of daily life satisfaction according to gender difference. Second research question is how the factor of daily life satisfaction by gender difference. The data is sixty-five disabled elderly, 386 among Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(PSED, 2008). The methods of analysis for identifying research questions is t-test and multiple linear regression. The result of analysis on first research question, the gender difference six dimensions among nine dimensions of daily life satisfaction come out statistically significant. And The result of analysis on second research question, come out statistically significant, too. Socioeconomic status: the lower class, physical condition: bad health, chronic disease is or not, family and other people's social supports, disability: serious turn out to be factors in common. It has been suggested social policies from the results of studies that the provision of health support policy and program, enlarge assistance on daily life, support system on serious disabled elderly. On the other hand, analysis showed that distinctive factors between disabled elderly man and woman was age and education level. In other words, disabled elderly woman come out into the open that the more grow old, the less daily life satisfaction low, while disabled elderly man appeared higher daily life satisfaction in case of junior and senior high school graduate than uneducated.