• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.620-632
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• 2004

IP는 네트워크 주소를 기반으로 한 라우팅으로 인해 접속 네트워크가 동적으로 변경되는 이동 노드에는 그대로 사용할 수 없다. 이동노드에게 지속적인 인터넷 접속서비스를 제공하기 위해서 IETF는 모바일 IP를 정의하였다. 하지만 모바일 W는 삼각 라우팅 문제와 계층3 핸드오프에 의한 패킷손실로 인해 전송성능이 저하되는 문제를 안고 있다. 특히, 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스를 모바일 IP에서 제공하기 위한 IETF의 두 가지 멀티캐스트 지원방안은 긴 전송경로와 패킷 중복(양방향 터널링 방안), 핸드오프 시 대량의 패킷손실(원격지 가입 방안)로 인해 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스의 품질을 보장하기가 어렵다. 본 논문은 모바일 IP에서의 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스 품질 보장을 위해 IETF의 원격지 가입 방안을 개선한 무손실 원격지 방안을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 본 논문에서 제안된 무손실 원격지 가입 방안은 IETF의 저 지연 핸드오프(low latency handoff)를 멀티캐스트 그룹관리에 적용함으로써 그룹 재가입에 따른지연을 줄였으며, 무손실을 위해 서비스망 전체에서 요구되는 저장공간의 평균 크기가 기존에 제안되었던 무손실 방안의 약 0.58% 만을 사용해도 되는 수준으로 줄었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.2389-2413
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• 2015

High data rates in long-term evolution (LTE) networks can affect the mobility of networks and their performance. The speed and motion of user equipment (UE) can compromise seamless connectivity. However, a proper handover (HO) decision can maintain quality of service (QoS) and increase system throughput. While this may lead to an increase in complexity and operational costs, self-optimization can enhance network performance by improving resource utilization and user experience and by reducing operational and capital expenditure. In this study, we propose the self-optimization of HO parameters based on fuzzy logic control (FLC) and multiple preparation (MP), which we name FuzAMP. Fuzzy logic control can be used to control self-optimized HO parameters, such as the HO margin and time-to-trigger (TTT) based on multiple criteria, viz HO ping pong (HOPP), HO failure (HOF) and UE speeds. A MP approach is adopted to overcome the hard HO (HHO) drawbacks, such as the large delay and unreliable procedures caused by the break-before-make process. The results of this study show that the proposed method significantly reduces HOF, HOPP, and packet loss ratio (PLR) at various UE speeds compared to the HHO and the enhanced weighted performance HO parameter optimization (EWPHPO) algorithms.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

MPLS(Multi-Protocol Label Switching) 도메인의 경계에 위치하는 MPLS LER(Label Edge Router) 시스템은Ingress 또는 Egress 라우터로 동작하여 기존의 인터넷 망과의 접속 역할을 담당하는데, MPLS LER 시스템의 구성요소 중 포워딩 엔진(Forwarding Engine) 장치는 MPLS LER 시스템의 IP 패킷 처리 능력을 좌우하는 핵심적인 역할을 담당한다. MPLS 도메인 위에서 서비스가 이루어지는 가상 사설망(VPN)은 공공의 네트워크를 마치 자신의 사설망처럼 사용할 수 있고, MPLS LER 시스템의 성능에 따라 고 신뢰성 및 QoS 보장 등의 장점으로 인해 인트라넷 구축을 위한 최적의 수단으로 주목받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 전체 MPLS 도메인의 핵심적인 역할을 담당하는 MPLS LER 시스템의 라우팅 컨트롤러와 포워딩 엔진 장치 사이에서 효율적인 라우팅&포워딩 엔트리 제공 방안을 제안하고, 이를 기반으로 MPLS 망에서 IP VPN 지원 방안을 제안한다. 또한 제안한 방안에 따라 MPLS-VPN 서비스를 위해 MPLS-VPN 서비스 제어 기능부와 MPLS-VPN 동작 절차, VPN 그룹 구성 및 LSP 설정 절차를 설계한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4662-4677
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• 2018

The dynamic opportunistic device-to-device (DO-D2D) network will frequently emerge in the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication due to high-density and fast-moving mobile devices. In order to improve the Quality of Experience (QoE) of users with different computing capacity devices in the DO-D2D network, in this paper, we focus on the study of how to reduce the packets retransmission delay and satisfy heterogeneous devices. To select as many devices as possible to transmit simultaneously without interference, the concurrent transmitters-selecting algorithm is firstly put forward. It jointly considers the number of packets successfully received by each device and the device's connectivity. Then, to satisfy different devices' demands while primarily ensuring the base-layer packets successfully received by all the devices, the layer-cooperation instantly decodable network coding is presented, which is used to select transmission packets combination for each transmitter. Simulation results illustrate that there is an appreciable retransmission delay gain especially in the poor channel quality network compared to the traditional base-station (BS) retransmission algorithm. In addition, our proposed algorithms perform well to satisfy the different demands of users with heterogeneous devices.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.4835-4855
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• 2015

TV white space (TVWS) is showing promise to become the first widespread practical application of cognitive technology. In fact, regulators worldwide are beginning to allow access to the TV band for secondary users, on the provision that they access the geolocation database. Device-to-device (D2D) can improve the spectrum efficiency, but large-scale D2D communications that underlie TVWS may generate undesirable interference to TV receivers and cause severe mutual interference. In this paper, we use an established geolocation database to investigate the power allocation problem, in order to maximize the total sum throughput of D2D links in TVWS while guaranteeing the quality-of-service (QoS) requirement for both D2D links and TV receivers. Firstly, we formulate an optimization problem based on the system model, which is nonconvex and intractable. Secondly, we use an effective approach to convert the original problem into a series of convex problems and we solve these problems using interior point methods that have polynomial computational complexity. Additionally, we propose an iterative algorithm based on the barrier method to locate the optimal solution. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has strong performance with high approximation accuracy for both small and large dimensional problems, and it is superior to both the active set algorithm and genetic algorithm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.1049-1068
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• 2011

In this paper a simple and effective call admission control (CAC) scheme is proposed for the emerging interleave-division multiple-access (IDMA) systems, supporting a variety of traffic types and offering different quality of service (QoS) requirements and priority levels. The proposed scheme is signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) evolution based CAC (SE-CAC). The key idea behind the scheme is to take advantage of the SINR evolution technique in the process of making admission decisions, which is developed from the effective chip-by-chip (CBC) multi-user detection (MUD) process in IDMA systems. By virtue of this semi-analytical technique, the MUD efficiency can be estimated accurately. Additionally, the computational complexity can be considerably reduced. These features make the scheme highly suitable for IDMA systems, which can combat intra-cell interference efficiently with simple CBC MUD. Analysis and simulation results show that compared to the traditional CAC scheme considering MUD efficiency as a constant, the proposed SE-CAC scheme can guarantee high power efficiency and throughput for multimedia traffic even in heavy load conditions, illustrating the high efficiency of CBC MUD. Furthermore, based on the SINR evolution, the SE-CAC can make accurate estimation of available resource considering the effect of MUD, leading to low outage probability as well as low blocking and dropping probability.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2008년도 추계종합학술대회 B
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• pp.685-688
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• 2008

차세대 통신망으로 각광받고 있는 NGN(Next Generation Network)은 일반전화망, 비동기식전송방식(ATM), 프레임릴레이, 전용망, 무선통신망 등 모든 통신 네트워크를 패킷 기반의 공통 망으로 통합하는 개념이며, NGN의 가장 큰 특징은 통합화와 패킷화. 음성과 데이터, 영상을 동시에 수용하며 인터넷전화, 멀티미디어 메시징 등과 같은 다양한 부가서비스를 효율적으로 제공할 수 있다는 것이다. 이러한 NGN 환경에서는 전송층에서 제공하는 서비스, 응용층에서 제공하는 서비스 등 상당히 많은 서비스들이 정의되고 있으며, 앞으로 점점 더 많은 서비스들이 생겨날 것이다. 또한, NGN 환경에서 새로운 서비스의 개발은 처음부터 개발하는 것이 아니라, 기존의 NGN의 서비스들을 재사용하여 새로운 서비스로 개발되는 형태가 이상적이며, 이러한 것들이 서로 다른 통신망, 플랫폼, 프로그래밍 언어 등의 상이한 환경하에서 가능해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 2006년 1월부터 ITU-T SG13에서 본격적으로 표준화를 시작하여 2008년 9월 국제표준으로 최종 승인된 NGN을 위한 개방형 서비스 환경 기능에 대한 표준화 동향을 설명한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권1B호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2005

오버레이 멀티캐스트 기법은 기존의 IP 멀티캐스트에서의 하드웨어적 문제를 해결할 수 있는 기법으로 최근 들어 활발한 연구가 진행 중에 있다. 그러나 호스트간의 가상의 네트워크를 구성하여 그 위에서 전송 트리를 구성하기 때문에 멀티미디어 데이터의 실시간 전송의 경우 해당 멤버 중 가장 낮은 품질의 수신환경을 가진 호스트에게 동기화가 된다는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다자간의 통신환경에서 다양한 수신 환경을 지원하는 One-Time 오버레이 멀티캐스트 트리 구성 기법에 대해 제안한다. 본 논문은 각 수신자가 자신의 만족할 만한 수신 품질로 데이터를 전송받음을 증명하고 트리는 구성을 위한 제어정보의 오버헤드가 적고 구성 시간 복잡도가 짧음을 보임으로써 다자간의 환경에서 동적으로 트리가 생성 소멸 가능함을 보였다 마지막으로 대규모의 인터넷상에서 운영 가능하므로 보이기 위해 본 트리 구성 기법의 확장성이 우수함을 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.683-701
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• 2012

IEEE 802.11 standard has achieved huge success in the past decade and is still under development to provide higher physical data rate and better quality of service (QoS). An important problem for the development and optimization of IEEE 802.11 networks is the modeling of the MAC layer channel access protocol. Although there are already many theoretic analysis for the 802.11 MAC protocol in the literature, most of the models focus on the saturated traffic and assume infinite buffer at the MAC layer. In this paper we develop a unified analytical model for IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol in ad hoc networks. The impacts of channel access parameters, traffic rate and buffer size at the MAC layer are modeled with the assistance of a generalized Markov chain and an M/G/1/K queue model. The performance of throughput, packet delivery delay and dropping probability can be achieved. Extensive simulations show the analytical model is highly accurate. From the analytical model it is shown that for practical buffer configuration (e.g. buffer size larger than one), we can maximize the total throughput and reduce the packet blocking probability (due to limited buffer size) and the average queuing delay to zero by effectively controlling the offered load. The average MAC layer service delay as well as its standard deviation, is also much lower than that in saturated conditions and has an upper bound. It is also observed that the optimal load is very close to the maximum achievable throughput regardless of the number of stations or buffer size. Moreover, the model is scalable for performance analysis of 802.11e in unsaturated conditions and 802.11 ad hoc networks with heterogenous traffic flows.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권9호
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• pp.2118-2135
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• 2012

With the rapid development of heterogeneous emerging wireless technologies and numerous types of mobile devices, the need to support robust mobile video streaming based on the seamless handover in Future Internet is growing. To support the seamless handover, several IP-based mobility management protocols such as Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), fast handover for the MIPv6 (FMIPv6), Hierarchical MIPv6 (HMIPv6) and Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) were developed. However, MIPv6 depreciates the Quality-of-Service (QoS) and FMIPv6 is not robust for the video services in heterogeneous emerging wireless networks when the Mobile Node (MN) may move to another visited network in contrast with its anticipation. In Future Internet, the possibility of mobile video service failure is more increased because mobile users consisting of multiple wireless network interfaces (WNICs) can frequently change the access networks according to their mobility in heterogeneous wireless access networks such as 3Generation (3G), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) and Bluetooth co-existed. And in this environment, seamless mobility is coupled according to user preferences, enabling mobile users to be "Always Best Connected" (ABC) so that Quality of Experience is optimised and maintained. Even though HMIPv6 and PMIPv6 are proposed for the location management, handover latency enhancement, they still have limit of local mobility region. In this paper, we propose a robust mobile video streaming in Heterogeneous Emerging Wireless Systems. In the proposed scheme, the MN selects the best-according to an appropriate metric-wireless technology for a robust video streaming service among all wireless technologies by reducing the handover latency and initiation time when handover may fail. Through performance evaluation, we show that our scheme provides more robust mechanism than other schemes.