• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
• /
• 1997.10a
• /
• pp.12-22
• /
• 1997

본 연구는 현재 국내에서 생산되는 주요 승용차의 운전석과 운전석 주변 제어장치간의 규 격이 한국 성인의 신체에 맞게 설계되었는지를 분석하고 평가하여 한국인의 신체에 적합한 승용차 내부설계의 개선안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 최근의 한국인 인체 측정 자료를 이용하여 운전자가 운전석에서 갖추어야 할 편안한 자세를 3차원 인체 모델링 도구인 SAFEWORK을 이용하여 모델링하였다. 이 모델링을 위해 본 연구에서는 사람과 환경과의 관계를 고정적인 인체 측정 데이터와 기능적인 인체 측정 데이터를 동시에 고려하여 삼차원으로 모델링한 다음 현재 국 내에 판매중인 소형, 준중형, 중형승용차 3종류의 규격차를 적용한 시트를 SAFEWORK으로 설계하였다. 한국인 인체 측정 데이터로 만들어진 마네킨을 설계된 각각의 시트에 앉혀 시트의 규격과, 운전석 주변의 제어장치간의 규격에 대한 적합성 여부를 판단한 결과, 운전석에서 accelerator pedal까지의 거리와 volume control 까지의 거리, 운전석의 깊이와 뒷좌석 폭 등 연구대상이 된 3종류의 내수용 승용차의 주요 규격이 한국 성인의 신체에 부적합하다는 결과가 나왔다. 이에 한국 성인의 인체 측정 데이터에 적합한 시트와 주변 제어장치간의 설계 규격을 제시하고자 한다.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.161-172
• /
• 2007

Fusion technology based on the nanotechnology should be introduced to clean technology for the breakthrough advances. Today, nanoparticles, nanotubes and other engineered nanomaterials are already in use in hundreds of everyday consumer products, and these materials are able to move around the human and environmental mediamore readily than larger particles of pollution. Because of their extremely small size and large surface area, nanoparticles are known to be more reactive and toxic than larger particles. Consequently, this feature raised many concerns of significant health, safety and environment. Herein, we reviewed risk assessment for health and environmental hazards of nanomaterials, and then revealed the potential hazardous of nanomaterials.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.13 no.3_4
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 1998

INTRODUCTION : Arsenic is a ubiquitous element present in various compounds throughout the earth's crust. The use of arsenic compounds increased greatly during the 18th and 19th centuries, including its use in pigments and dyes, as a preservative of animal hides, in glass manufacture, agricultural pesticides, and various pharmaceutical substances. The causal association between human arsenic exposure, usually in the form of inorganic compounds containing trivalent arsenite (As$^{III}$) or pentavalent arsenate (As$^V$), and various forms of human cancer has been known for many years.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.214-220
• /
• 2005

Initial Risk assessments using physicochemical properties and acute toxicity are conducted to provide information for managers to decide the potential adverse effects and played as a tool for decision-making in development of new substances. In this study, we built initial risk assessment framework and carried out human and ecology initial risk assessment for three different pesticides of captan, glyphosate, and paraquat dichloride to confirm our framework. Two water estimation models of GENEEC (GENeric Estimated Environmental Concentration) and FOCUS (FOrum for the Co-ordination of pesticide models and their USe) were employed for pesticides exposure assessment. Application for paraquat dichloride and glyphosate uses shows very low human and ecology risk. On the other hand, high acute ecological risk was observed from the application for captan. These results showed good agreements with the U.S. EPA RED (Reregistration Eligibility Decision) reports verifying the framework of this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.349-356
• /
• 2015

Trace metals concentrations in the tissue of edible marine fish (4 species), olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii), file fish (Stephanolepis cirrhifer) and abbysal searobin (Lepidotrigla abyssalis), collected near the Yongho wharf in Busan were determined to assess the potential human health risk (HRA) of trace metals by fish consumption. Levels of Li, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in the fish tissue were $0.005{\pm}0.009$, $0.77{\pm}0.30$, $0.29{\pm}0.34$, $0.49{\pm}0.14$, $15.96{\pm}2.52$, $10.62{\pm}4.67$, $0.001{\pm}0.002$, and $0.045{\pm}0.06mg/kgdw$ respectively. The estimated daily intakes of Cu and Zn and the estimated weekly intakes of As, Cd, and Pb from the fish collected near the Yongho wharf were 0.0032, 0.054-0.18% of PMTDI (provisional maximum tolerable daily intake) and 13, 0.0041, 0.020% of PTWI (provisional tolerable weekly intake) which were set to evaluate the food safeties by the JFCFA (The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). Lifetime cancer risk and target hazard for local residents due to those fish consumption were found to be negligible.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1089-1096
• /
• 2000

• Air Cleaning Technology
• /
• v.20 no.1 s.76
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2007

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.286-297
• /
• 2020

This research studied human health risk assessment of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in road dust sediments collected from 6 sites in four different cities in Korea. PAHs are well known to be human carcinogens and toxic compounds that are commonly generated from incomplete combustion of fuels and energy products. Such compounds which is absorbed by atmospheric suspended dust can be emitted into air in gaseous form and often deposited on road dust sediments. The PAHs which is deposited on sediment particles can also be re-dispersed by vehicles or winds on the road surface. It can be harmful for humans when exposed via breathing, ingestion and dermal contact. This study examined human health risk assessment of PAHs in deposited road dust sediments. Results showed that the excess cancer risk estimates were above 1.0×10-6 at main traffic roads and resident area in Ulsan city. According to the result of deterministic risk assessment, dermal-contact was the major pathway, while the contribution of the risk from inhalation was less than 1%. The probabilistic risk assessment showed similar levels of cancer risk derived from the deterministic risk assessment. The result of sensitivity analysis reveal that exposure time is the most contributing factor (69%). Since the values of carcinogenic risk assessment were higher than 1.0 × 10^-6, further detailed monitoring and refined risk assessment for PAHs may be required to identify more reliable and potential cancer risks for those who live in the study locations in Ulsan city.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.267-270
• /
• 2000

This study was designed to predict the risk of a hazard chemical, vinyl chloride, by applying dose-response assessment that are one of the major process in practicing risk assessment. After extrapolating from the high dose exposure of vinyl chloride based upon animal carcinogenic data to the low dose exposed to human using several mathematical models, we calculated the cancer potency factors as well as virtually safe dose and the resulted values were compared. This process will provide the new insight to assess the risk of a chemical accurately imposed to human in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 1998