• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 2006

The present study applied cognitive continuum theory to university environment in order to demonstrate that students' cognitive modes move along the continuum to be adaptive to the certain situation. This study also compared students' cognitive modes and the generally required modes in the university. The results showed that the students used corresponding cognitive modes to each subject even though they had different cognitive styles in general. It means that the students are adaptive to various tasks. And, the comparisons of the students' cognitive modes with the require4 modes in the university showed that the university tended to induce the students to use analytical cognitive modes. Therefore, the university faculty should be aware that they usually induce the analytical modes, and that they need to use various kinds of cognitive modes in order for the students to have adaptability and flexibility. However, the study did not demonstrate that the students would perform better when they fitted their cognitive modes into each subject.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of contiguity and reading mode on cognitive load factors measured by Galvanic Skin Response(GSR). In this study two experimental conditions were imposed to participants to measure cognitive load with the high contiguity picture and low contiguity picture. Thirty-four college students participated to this experiment(experiment group=17, control group=17), and spilt-plot factorial design was applied to control individual difference in galvanic skin response. Tasks of this experiment were reading and summary. The dependent variables were skin conductance response, and perceived difficulty. The independent variables were the degree of contiguity of visual material(high contiguity vs. low contiguity). The major result of this study was identification of a significant difference of GSR with low contiguity condition. Indeed it was identified that more complex reading condition required more cognitive loads. This finding supported that different cognitive process might require different amounts of cognitive loads. For the further research, this study discussed the validity of applying physiological signals to assess cognitive loads and relationships the associated affective reactions.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.65-70
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• 2023

In recent years, the digital media environment has begun to diversify, with a greater focus being placed on user-centric design. With the development of digital technology, the digital media environment has formed a vast network of information, which supports interactive communication between people, creating a need for user-centric research. Mobile displays, as a representation of the digital media environment, have the advantage of mobility through the use of thin screen displays and low-performance image sensors, which allow for miniaturization and power saving. However, this results in reduced colour accuracy compared to large displays. This study investigates users' colour perception when using dark and light mode mobile displays. Colour perception was measured using a psycho-physical experiment, which controls each colour attribute based on the 12 colours of KS. The results were analysed to determine whether there is a difference in colour perception between dark mode and light mode, and if the difference was statistically significant. Future research directions based on the results are then discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1318-1323
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• 2013

We consider the design of opportunistic spectrum access schemes where secondary users can opportunistically access unused spectrum in non-slotted primary systems. Two non-slotted spectrum sensing and access schemes for secondary users are considered. We present experimental results that demonstrate the performance of the considered schemes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.11C
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• pp.1095-1101
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• 2007

For the cognitive radio (CR) systems sharing the spectrum with narrowband primary devices, this paper presents a fractional bandwidth (FBW) mode utilizing a variable portion of the system band to avoid the interference to or from the primary devices. For the method, the preamble and FBW mode detection algorithm are provided to obtain the FBW mode information during the synchronization. Simulation results in wireless regional area network (WRAN) environments reveal that the FBW mode can be detected reliably without any deterioration of the synchronization performance.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.61-70
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• 2004

The operation mode of neural network is divided into learning and recognition process. Learning is updating process of weight until neural network archives target result from input pattern. Recognition is arithmetic process of input pattern and weight. Traditional inner product process is focused to improve processing speed and hardware complexity. There is no hardware architecture to distinguish between loaming and recognition mode of neural network. In this paper we propose the new architecture of low power inner product processor for reconfigurable neural network. The proposed architecture is similar with bit-serial inner product processor on learning mode. It have several advantages which are fast processing base on bit-level, suitability of hardware implementation and pipeline architecture to compute data. And proposed architecture minimizes active units and reduces consumption power on recognition mode. Result of simulation shows that active units is depend on bit representation of weight, but we can reduce active units about 50 precent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2009

본 연구는 3 단계 각성 모드에 따른 자율신경계 반응 모델 구현에 대한 연구이다. 정신생리학(Psycho-Physiology)에서의 각성 시스템 모델은 Boucein(1992, 2006)에 의해 제안되었다. 각성 시스템 1 은 편도체(amygdala)활동과 관계한, 무의식수준에서 주의를 집중시키는 역할을 한다. 각성 시스템 2 는 해마(hippocampus)활동과 관계한, 인지적 각성 단계로서 상황-반응(situation-reaction) 대한 연결을 담당하는 역할을 한다. 각성 시스템 3 은 기저핵(basal ganglia)활동과 관계한, 몸운동(somatomotor)활동과 관계된 뇌 영역의 준비를 활성화시킨다. 각성 시스템은 상황의 변화나 특정 자극이 일어나면, 그에 해당하는 각성 모드에 의해 자율신경계(automatic nervous system)반응이 발생한다. 따라서, 자율신경계반응의 분석을 통하여 각성 시스템의 단계를 평가할 수 있다. 본 연구는 자율신경계반응 중 GSR(galvanic skin Response)과 SKT(skin temperature)분석을 통하여 3단계 각성 모드인 직관적, 인지적, 행동적 모드를 평가하는 연구이다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.603-610
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• 2015

This paper presents a multimodal sensor system that can determine the location of house space by analyzing the postures and heights of the residents. It consists of two sensors: a tilt sensor and an altimeter sensor. The tilt sensor measures the static and dynamic postures of the residents, and the altimeter sensor measures their heights. The sensor system includes a Bluetooth transmitter, and the server receives the measured data and determines the location in the house. We describe the process determining the locations of the residents after analyzing their postures and behaviors from the measured data. We also demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed system by applying it to a real environment.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.2C
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• pp.238-245
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• 2010

For orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems sharing the spectrum with narrow band primary devices, a fractional bandwidth (FBW) mode has been proposed recently to reduce the interference to the primary users. The FBW mode divides the total OFDM bandwidth into subbands and activates (or deactivates) a subset of the subbands according to the result of spectrum sensing. In this paper, we analyze the detection error probability of FBW mode information which is delivered by the sequence embedded in the preamble and evaluate the performance in wireless regional area network environments. The results show that the detection probability derived analytically estimates the actual value from simulation adequately and that a low detection error probability less than $10^{-3}$ is obtained at a low signal-to-noise power ratio.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.481-490
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• 2016

Bluetooth utilizes a symmetric key that is exchanged at the first pairing to establish a secure channel. There are four authentication modes which enables device authentication, Just work, Passkey Entry, Out of Band, and Numeric Comparison. Up to now, Just work has been considered as the authentication mode that is vulnerable to Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) Attack. In addition, it is possible to intentionally change any authentication mode to Just work mode, in order to succeed in MITM Attack under Just work mode. However, this kind of attacks have just worked under the assumption that users should not notice that authentication mode was changed. In this paper, We analyze the specification of Secure Simple Pairing, LE Legacy Pairing and LE Secure Connection Pairing. When using Passkey Entry mode on each approach, it seems the MITM attack is possible. Also it offers Passkey Entry MITM attack that does not require assumptions about the user's fault, because it isn't change verification process of the authentication mode unlike traditional attacks. We implement the proposed MITM attacks. Also we presents a scenario in which an attack can be exploited and a countermeasure.