• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.150-157
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• 2014

This thesis intends to grasp the degree of utilization of visual images by understanding the relational properties between picture and letter and considering the children as users, through the analysis of currently published books of English vocabulary for children. Accordingly, the types of picture used in the books of English vocabulary for children, the degree of utilization of picture, combination types of picture and letter, and semantic consistency of picture and letter are reviewed. As a result of analysis, the degree of utilization of picture is high in general, in order of illustration, cartoon, and the mix of illustration and cartoon. In the combination form of picture and letter, the degree of utilization appears in order of picture plus vocabulary, letters without illustration, and pictorial symbol. In particular, the higher semantic consistency of picture and letter, it is effective in learning, however, semantic consistency is low, generally. Pictorial symbol type shows the frequency of the highest combination type in the five groups of higher semantic consistency. In conclusion, the presented types of picture and letter, shown in the currently published books of English vocabulary for children, are similar types by the publishing companies, thus, effective design research should be required based on diverse levels of children.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.535-540
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• 2008

It is a fact that we are yet to recognize and sense the U-City even though the business of U-City construction has been started many years ago. One of the causes is that UCity was thoughtlessly developed in the industry-centered environment for a tangible achievement, despite of need on more systematic development and organized management. Fortunately, it is expected that the most part of the situation will be solved, since "laws on the construction of the ubiquitous city" for planning, construction and management has been promulgated on March, and U-City project will be systematically promoted by the related laws from now. Therefore, intention of this study is the sustainable development of the U-City by analyzing the previous process and problems of the U-City Construction project of local governments and reengineering U-City construction project process in accordance with new laws, using the BPR methodology.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 2019

Recognition of named entity such as proper nouns in conversation sentences is the most fundamental and important field of study for efficient conversational information prediction. The most important part of a task-oriented dialogue system is to recognize what attributes an object in a conversation has. The named entity recognition model carries out recognition of the named entity through the preprocessing, word embedding, and prediction steps for the dialogue sentence. This study aims at using user - defined dictionary in preprocessing stage and finding optimal parameters at word embedding stage for efficient dialogue information prediction. In order to test the designed object name recognition model, we selected the field of daily chemical products and constructed the named entity recognition model that can be applied in the task-oriented dialogue system in the related domain.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.959-968
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• 2016

In this study, the Delphi Method was conducted to extract variables as effects of integrated education. Forty-six experts engaged in both the integrated education and research fields participated in this study. The Delphi survey was conducted for three rounds. In the first round, an open questionnaire was given asking variables possibly considered as effects of integrated education. In the second round, variables induced from analysis of the first survey results were given and the degree of agreement for each variable was determined according to the Likert scale. In the third round of the survey, mean, standard deviation, and the first and third quartile calculated using the results of the second survey were given to experts to determine their degree of assent. In addition, categories for variables were suggested. The degree of agreement for appropriateness of categorization and relative importance were determined As a result, a total of 18 variables were chosen except for career awareness. They were categorized according to their definition and properties into five categories: 'creativity' (flexible thinking, associative thinking, intuitive thinking, creative thinking), 'problem solving' (meta-cognition, problem recognition and solving, critical thinking, decision making ability, ability of knowledge application, knowledge and information processing skills), 'integrative perception and sensitivity' (concern and interest in various disciplines, understanding and acceptance of difference, integrative thinking), 'interpersonal relations' (communication skills, cooperation), and 'disciplinary literacy' (humanistic imagination, basic knowledge and literacy of each discipline, academic motivation). The degree of agreement was high in variables included in 'creativity' and 'problem solving' categories and the frequency of choosing the importance was high in variables included in 'integrative perception and sensitivity'. The educational implication related to implementation and practice of integrated education were discussed on the basis of results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.357-370
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• 2011

Using strategy group theory, this thesis reviewed the status of program providers analysis and the performances it has made so far, and sought measures to improve its limitations. The constraint of program providers analysis based on existing concept of strategy group is that the strategy group was derived from the statistics, and therefore only applied the characteristics of program provider's channels to the analysis, on account of which a systematic and sophisticated classification as well as generalization of strategy or strategy group were hard to obtain. Moreover, the PP strategy variables used to be selected at the firm level and business level, and in relation with resource and competition scope. In future, more appropriate procedure should be followed to obtain objectivity in selecting variables to avoid controversy over intentionality. The measures in this thesis to improve the study of PP strategy group can be summarized as follows: firstly analysis of variables for strategy group classification should be made to single out key variables which are to be classification criteria. Secondly, variables are to be cross-checked by industry experts to increase generalizability. Thirdly, proxy variables should be sublated, and strategy group model which enables the reflection of subsistent properties of PP industry, and the cognitive perception of the executives(CEO) needs to be established. Fourthly, the concepts of mobility barrier and isolating mechanism should be applied to the classification criteria of strategy group to reveal the gap of performance between different strategy groups. Lastly, chronicle study on PP strategy group should be done to perceive the dynamic changes of PP strategy group.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.38
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• pp.189-223
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• 2013

From the perspective of postmodernism, no reality can exceed the discourse included in the representation. Recently, impact of post-modernism of archival science is often observed. Affected by postmodernism in archival science studies, archives are deliberately constructed product, and any kind of archival principle is negatively examined, not only contents but also its planning accordingly to the researches of post-modernism archives. In the eye of postmodernism, archivists are also considered as being exposed to the context of relativity. While this is sometimes seen as negative, there are such positive opinions that postmodernism would bring us closer to the reality of archives. In this paper, the nature of archives, provenance, original order and archival value as the basic concept of the modern archival science, will be discussed from the perspective of postmodernism. Also, effect and prospect of postmodernism will be discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.7 s.85
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• pp.165-179
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• 2005

The object of this study is a development of a stochastic user equilibrium transit assignment algorithm for multiple user classes considering stochastic characteristics and heterogeneous attributes of passengers. The existing transit assignment algorithms have limits to attain realistic results because they assume a characteristic of passengers to be equal. Although one group with transit information and the other group without it have different trip patterns, the past studies could not explain the differences. For overcoming the problems, we use following methods. First, we apply a stochastic transit assignment model to obtain the difference of the perceived travel cost between passengers and apply a multiple user class assignment model to obtain the heterogeneous qualify of groups to get realistic results. Second, we assume that person trips have influence on the travel cost function in the development of model. Third, we use a C-logit model for solving IIA(independence of irrelevant alternatives) problems. According to repetition assigned trips and equivalent path cost have difference by each group and each path. The result comes close to stochastic user equilibrium and converging speed is very fast. The algorithm of this study is expected to make good use of evaluation tools in the transit policies by applying heterogeneous attributes and OD data.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-49
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• 2009

The purpose of the present research was to examine whether the parietal pathway and the temporal pathway were responsible for the phenomena of the inhibition of return and the facilitation of return respectively and at what stage of the information processing they occurred. The response time and the ERPs(event-related potentials) were examined in the two conditions(the valid condition and the invalid condition) while subjects were doing detection task, location discrimination task, color discrimination task and orientation discrimination task in separate sessions. No significant response time difference was found between the valid and the invalid conditions when subjects did the detection task as well as the location discrimination task. However, significant response time difference was found when they did the color discrimination as well as the orientation discrimination task. Futhermore, there was a significant difference of ERP difference between the two conditions in the Pz area when subjects were doing location discrimination task and significant difference was found in the T7 area when they were doing color discrimination task and marginal difference was found in T7/T8 area when they were doing orientation discrimination task just before they responded. These results imply the possibility that both the inhibition of return and the facilitation of return occur in the parietal and in the temporal pathway respectively in the late stage of information processing.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.5-13
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• 2011

This study provides analysis of the effectiveness of domestic marketing strategies of the Korean coffee shop "Caffe Bene". It bases its evaluation on statistical outputs of 'choice attributes,' "market segmentation," demographic characteristics," and "satisfaction differences." The results are summarized in four points. First, five choice attributes were extracted from factor analysis: price, atmosphere, comfort, taste, and location; these are related to coffee shop selection behavior. Based on these five factors, cluster analysis was conducted, with statistical results classifying customers into three major groups: atmosphere oriented; comfort oriented; and taste oriented. Second, discriminant analysis tested cluster analysis and showed two discriminant functions: location and atmosphere. Third, cross-tabulation analysis based on demographic characteristics showed distinctive demographic characteristics within the three groups. Atmosphere oriented group, early-20s, as women of all ages was found to be 'walking down the street 'and 'through acquaintances' in many cases, as the cognitive path, and mostly found the store through 'outdoor advertising', and 'introduction'. Comfort oriented group was mainly women who are students in their early twenties or professionals, and appeared as a group to be very loyal because of high recommendation to other customers compared to other groups. Taste oriented group, unlike the other group, was mainly late-20s' college graduates, and was confirmed, as low loyalty, with lower recommendation activity. Fourth, to analyze satisfaction differences, one-way ANOVA was conducted. It shows that groups which show high satisfaction in the five main factors also show high menu satisfaction and high overall satisfaction. This results show that segmented marketing strategies are necessary because customers are considering price, atmosphere, comfort, taste, location when they choose coffee shop and demographics show different attributes based on segmented groups. For example, atmosphere oriented group is satisfied with shop interior and comfort while dissatisfied with price because most of the customers in this group are early 20s and do not have great financial capability. Thus, price discounting marketing strategies based on individual situations through CRM system is critical. Comfort oriented group shows high satisfaction level about location and shop comfort. Also, in this group, there are many early 20s female customers, students, and self-employed people. This group customers show high word of mouth tendency, hence providing positive brand image to the customers would be important. In case of taste oriented group, while the scores of taste and location are high, word of mouth score is low. This group is mainly composed of educated and professional many late 20s customers, therefore, menu differentiation, increasing quality of coffee taste and price discrimination is critical to increase customers' satisfaction. However, it is hard to generalize the results of study to other coffee shop brand, because this study have researched only one domestic coffee shop, Caffe Bene. Thus if future study expand the scope of locations, brands, and occupations, the results of the study would provide more generalizable results. Finally, research of customer satisfactions of menu, trust, loyalty, and switching cost would be critical in the future study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.7 s.85
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• pp.149-158
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• 2005

The object of this paper is to develop the shortest path algorithm. The existing shortest path algorithm models are developed while considering travel time and travel distance. A few problems occur in these shortest path algorithm models, which have paid no regard to cognition of users, such as when user who doesn't have complete information about the trip meets a strange road or when the route searched from the shortest path algorithm model is not commonly used by users in real network. This paper develops a shortest path algorithm model to provide ideal route that many people actually prefer. In order to provide the ideal shortest path with the consideration of travel time, travel distance and road cognition, travel time is predicted by using Kalman filtering and travel distance is predicted by using GIS attributions. The road cognition is considered by using space data of GIS. Optimal routes provided from this paper are shortest distance path, shortest time path, shortest path considering distance and cognition and shortest path considering time and cognition.