• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.21-38
• /
• 2014

Since users who search maps conduct their searching using the name they already know or is commonly called rather than formal name of a specific place, they tend to fail to find their destination. In addition, in typical web map service in terms of spatial searching of map. Location information of unintended place can be provided because when spatial searching is conducted with the vocabulary 'nearby' and 'in the vicinity', location exceeding 2 km from the current location is searched altogether as well. In this research, spatial range that human can perceive is calculated by extracting POI date with the usage of twitter data of SNS, constructing spatial relations with existing POI, which is already constructed. As a result, various place names acquired could be utilized as different names of existing POI data and it is expected that new POI data would contribute to select places for constructing POI data by utilizing to recognize places having lots of POI variation. Besides, we also expect efficient spatial searching be conducted using diverse spatial vocabulary which can be used in spatial searching and spatial range that human can perceive.

• Korean Architects
• /
• s.661
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 2024

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 1992.04b
• /
• pp.573-580
• /
• 1992

인공건물의 평면특성에 대한 시각을 통한 인지를 청각으로 대체했을 경우의 인지능력을 측정하였다. 정상적으로 시각(visual)을 이용하겠으나, 시각 장애자의 경우는 청각(auditory) 또는 촉각(tactile) 또는 두가지 모두를 사용하게 된다. Psychophysical approach를 사용하여 모의평면에 대한 인지능력을 JND단위로 측정하였다. 청각적인 신호를 관찰자에게 제공하기 위해 전자장치(electronic ranging device)가 고안되었다. 이 장치는 목표물까지의 거리를 초음파의 이동시간으로 측정하여 음의세기(sound level)로 발생시켜 준다. 관찰자는 이 음의 세기를 듣고 거리를 추정하고 물표의 방향은 이 장비를 쥔 손의 방향, 즉, proprioceptive cue를 이용하게 된다. 세가지 task에 대한 실험은 평면의 slantness, 두 평면이 교차하는 모서리의 크기, 두 평면사이의 공간(aperture size)등에 대한 인지능력의 측정실험이다. 실험결과를 보면, 관찰자는 시각신호 대신에 청각신호를 사용할 수 있는 능력이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 세가지 task별 JND측정치는 slant angle 6도, 모서리의 concavity 10도, angular aperature size 3-5도로 나타났다. 이 결과는 정상인이 시각을 이용한 인지능력과 큰 차이가 없음을 보여주고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.51-71
• /
• 2017

This study conducted a survey to measure recognition distance between the materials which are located separately in a children's library targeting 200 elementary school lower grade students, higher grade students, and school parents(adults). And compared recognition distance between the elements of materials of individual visitor group with multidimensional scaling and K-mean group analysis. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) is a technique for projecting the cognitive state in space by evaluating the similarity or attribute of the analysis target. Even though it is mainly used for market diagnosis in marketing, It can also be applied to present an ideal physical layout plan by analyzing the distance. As a result of analysis, the main discoveries are as follows. First, elementary school students cognize child, baby and computer materials should be adjacent as a same group. But recognition of adults(school parents) is reflected by differing from elementary school students vastly. They cognize that computer materials should be formed as a special group separated from child and baby's materials. Second, elementary school higher graders and adults(school parents) groups also want to separate their main reading materials from baby's book, therefore They both want to secure silent reading space separating from baby. Third, as a result to confirming how this recognition distance system of materials is reflected in a real children's library through three children's libraries in Y-gu, Incheon, there is no library with structure according perfectly with a recognition system of a particular class, but a recognition system of adults and elementary school students is partially reflected because baby, child and computer materials, and baby and child materials are commonly separated and placed. It is difficult to insist that a recognition system of a visitor group, especially a recognition system of children is absolute consideration conditions in material placement of a children's library. However, understanding cognition of the user groups can be an important evidentiary factors to offer differentiated service space according to visitors and effective placement of the elements of library resources.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.243-252
• /
• 2002

The enlarge the range of internet users require user centered design method what understanding of cognitive faculties about users by different age groups. This study aims at analyzing cognitive faculties about visual information on web interface by different age groups, presenting visual perception cognitive process model as an evaluation model and proposing an effective web interface design guideline, On the basis of analyzing cognitive faculties verified what each detail property of visual perception cognitive process model as form, color, space, movement and physiological, physical cognitive faculties had have individual cognitive faculties. As the result visual perception cognitive process model suggested in this study can be used as an evaluation model of web interface and users' cognitive faculties analyzed in visual perception measurement by different age groups can be applied as a web interface design guideline. In addition, this study has a meaning in that it makes a chance to extend a web designer's roles and establish a direction of future research by usability of different age groups.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this technical research is to determine decline of episodic memory by normal aging focucing on object, spatial location, and temporal order memory. Methods : We allocated seventy-seven of healthy adults from twenty to eighty years old, and performed computer-based cognitive tasks which were consisted of the object, spatial location, and temporal order memory. We used OpenSesame(OpenSesame Inc, OR), put ten pictures people normally see in their daily life, and evaluated those aspects through asking the objects types, object spatial locations, and picture temporal orders from 10 sheets of the picture. Results : Object and spatial location memory were not affected by normal aging whereas, temporal order memory significantly decreased with normal aging. Specifically, temporal order memory for in their age of forty was significantly decreased compared with their age of twenty and object memory at their age of eighty was relatively high compared to spatial location and temporal order memory. We found out that temporal order memory worse fastest and object memory lasted longest. Conclusion : In this study, we confirmed characteristics of declines of episodic memory consisting of object, spatial location, and temporal order memory. Notably, we could specifically identify declines of spatial location and temporal order memory with normal aging previous studies investigated on a limited basis using conventional neuropsychological assessments. These findings would be helpful to screen impairment in episodic memory by normal aging and provide an evidence that cognitive intervention for healthy older adults needs to include spatial and temporal aspect of memory.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.31-45
• /
• 2011

사용자가 원하는 3D 사운드 혹은 소리의 공간감을 원하는 대로 재현할 수 있는 오디오 시스템은 오랜 기간 동안 인류가 가지고 싶었던 꿈의 기계였다. 그러나 과연 개인 혹은 사용자가 원하는 3D 사운드라는 것이 무엇이며 어떻게 정의하여야 하는지는 명확하지 않다. 이것은 매우 주관적인 개념일 뿐만 아니라 개인에 따라 다를 수 있으며, 그 평가에 대한 객관적인 방법 또한 존재하지 않는다. 관련된 연구를 살펴보면, 원하는 소리의 파동 전파 자체를 시공간 상에서 물리적으로 재현하는 WFS(Wave Field Synthesis)나 Ambisonics, 또는 머리전달함수(HRTF: Head Related Transfer Function)를 기반으로 한 많은 연구들이 있다. 이렇게 재현된 음장(sound field)을 보면 이들이 인지되고 평가되는 등의 객관화를 위하여는 청취 환경에 따라 그 특성이 바뀌고 동일한 환경에서도 청취자에 따라 다르게 인지되는 근본적인 문제점을 가지고 있다. 음장 재현 방법의 이러한 근본적인 문제는 놀랍게도 과거의 스테레오 시스템에서 볼 수 있는 밸런스 노브(balance knob)로부터 그 해결의 실마리를 찾을 수 있다. 밸런스 노브는 보편적인 최적의 소리를 찾는 대신에 청취자가 원하는 음향 효과를 얻을 때까지 직접적으로 소리를 청취하고, 스스로 조절하여 평가할 수 있는 매개체의 역할을 수행한다. 만일 밸런스 노브와 같이 청취자가 원하는 3D 사운드를 스스로 평가하고 조절하기 위한 방법을 마련할 수 있다면? 즉, 청취자가 시공간적으로 원하는 3D 사운드를 실시간으로 청취하고 변화시킬 수 있는 인터페이스를 구현할 수 있다면? 과연 그러한 것이 어떻게 가능할 수 있는지 체계적인 검토가 이루어질 수 있다면 매우 좋을 것이다. 본 고는 이러한 것을 가능케 할 수 있는 즉, 청취자가 자유 자재로 원하는 음장을 형성할 수 있는 렌더링 기법 및 즉각적인 피드백이 가능한 인터페이스를 소개하고 있다. 인터페이스는 현재까지 오디오 시스템에서 주로 사용되는 주파수 이퀄라이져(frequency equalizer)와 매우 유사한 특징이 있다. 이러한 점을 감안하여 "Spatial Equalizer$^{(R)}$"라는 이름을 붙여 보았다. Spatial Equalizer$^{(R)}$는 공간 상에 하나의 점 또는 다수의 점으로 표시되는 가상 음원을 사용자가 조종하여 원 소리의 공간감을 제어할 수 있도록 구성되어 있다. 공간 상에 다수의 점 음원들의 위치를 변화시키거나 크기를 변화시킴으로써 청취자가 원하는 공간감을 구현할 수 있도록 하고 있다. 중요한 것은 종전의 이퀄라이져와 같이 Spatial Equalizer$^{(R)}$에 의해 형성되는 음장이 어떤 객관적인 척도에 의해서 평가되는 대신 사용자에 의해 직접 주관적으로 평가되고, 선택된다는 점이다.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2012

This paper deals with the effects of seat position in the theater on viewers' visual fatigue, presence, and perceived characteristics. As a result of this study, there is a significantly positive effect of Dx(deviation from mean distance from the screen) and viewing angle on visual fatigue. Second, there is no significant effect of seat position on presence. Finally, there is a significantly negative effect of Dx and viewing angle on perceived characteristics. This means, as the author assume, the seat position in the theater during watching a 3D movie is important in case of visual fatigue and perceived characteristics. This paper provides an empirical result related to effect of spatial variable at 3D theater on 3D effect. The results could be helpful to establish spatial standard in 3D theater and 3D contents; furthermore, it could help to establish regulations of visual fatigue induced from 3D effects and indications for 3D efficiency.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2004

With the rapid growth of the Web technologies, the Web has changed teaching and learning as well as our life in various ways. Web-based instruction (WBI) supports self-directed and creative learning at anytime anywhere. However, learners may experience the problems of disorientation and cognitive overload when the hyperspace that consists of learning materials is complex. In this paper, we present a Web-based adaptive hypermedia system based on cognitive load theory which can reduce cognitive loads that novices may experience when they learn programming

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.323-329
• /
• 2023

This study aims to examine the factors influencing successful flight training performance in helicopter pilot education. To this end, an exploratory factor analysis was used to extract individual cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics, and a hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to find out how these characteristics (factors) affect flight training performance. As a result, it was found that the higher the spatial perception ability, resilience, and mastery goal-oriented learning attitude, the higher the flight training performance had a positive effect. This reconfirms the importance of spatial awareness, which is particularly required for pilots, and reconfirms that the role of a flight instructor in a limited cockpit space and the right motivation and effort of an individual affect flight training performance. These results are expected to be useful indicators for effective flight training of helicopter pilots in the future.