• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.300-309
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the caries prevalence and caries pattern of preschool children in a small city. Six hundred twenty four kindergarten children in Milyang city were examined for their caries experience of individual teeth and surfaces by dmf index. The obtained results were as follows. 1. The rate of children with caries experience(dmft rate) in primary teeth was 74.0% in 3-year-olds, 83.8% in 4-year-olds, and 90.6% in 5-year-olds. The mean number of decayed, missed, and filled primary teeth(dmft index) was 3.47 in 3-year-olds, 5.41 in 4-year-olds, and 6.01 in 5-year-olds. 2. The caries prevalence of children in this study was higher than those of other researches in past and in other cities. 3. The caries-experienced teeth in order in 5-year-olds were as follows : mandibular 2nd primary molar, mandibular 1st primary molar, maxillary 2nd primary molar, maxillary primary central incisor and maxillary 1st primary molar. 4. The pattern of dental caries development was different between the incisors and molars. The prevalent surface of caries was proximal surface in primary incisors, but occlusal surface in primary molars.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how open contacts impact the natural teeth and dental implant prostheses. Materials and Methods: Following criteria were used to select 20 implant crowns with open proximal contacts as the experimental group (Group A): the restorations were delivered in Chosun University Dental Hospital between 2008 and 2018, the restorations are in the posterior region, opposing teeth are fixed dental prostheses, neighboring teeth are sound natural teeth, the patient had been on the maintenance program for at least 3 years. Another 20 implant crowns with closed proximal contacts were selected as the control group (Group B) using the same criteria. Between the two groups, dental caries and food impaction of the neighboring natural teeth and marginal bone-loss of the implants were compared and evaluated. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between Group A and Group B in the occurrence rates of dental caries, food impaction, and marginal bone-loss. The amount of marginal bone-loss, however, revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups, with Group A showing 0.80 ± 0.39 mm loss and Group B showing 1.1 ± 0.43 mm loss. Conclusion: Implant prostheses with open contacts could be clinically considered in select cases as such restorations revealed no harmful effects on neighboring teeth and implant restorations within the perimeters of this study.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2005

Children and teenagers have a higher frequency of proximal surface caries in the posterior teeth than adults. For proximal restoration, class II amalgam or stainless steel crown has been widely used in the past, however composite resin restoration is getting ore popular due to it's superior cosmetic appearance. When applying composite resin on proximal area, various types of matrix bands can be utilized according to the operator's reference or skill. Such bands have several clinical effects including suitability for proximal margin, reduction of micro-leakage, moisture-control against saliva and ease finishing and polishing. In this case report, orthodontic bands were utilized instead of matrix bands as a remedy for proximal restorations in both primary and permanent teeth and their clinical advantages are as follows. 1. Orthodontic bands showed superior marginal adaptation compared to conventional matrix bands and moisture-control against saliva was excellent. 2. While applying composite resin, deformation of restoration material was estimated to be insignificant due to he rigidity of the orthodontic bands. 3. Natural tooth contour of the orthodontic bands facilitates to reproduce proximal tooth contour of the restoration. 4. In general, pediatric dentists are accustomed to applying orthodontic bands and this may allow pediatric dentists to make proximal composite restorations more efficiently than other dental specialists.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.114-118
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• 2012

Proximal caries or coronal defect in posterior teeth may result in the loss of proximal space and drifting of neighboring teeth, which makes restoration difficult. Inability to restore proper contours and to align tooth axis properly are commonly encountered problems when planning tooth restoration. Moreover, tilted teeth aggravate periodontal tissue breakdown, such as pseudo-pocket, and angular osseous defect. The purpose of this case presentation is to describe a simple technique for inducing minor tooth movement with orthodontic separating ring and provisional restoration modification. This method was used to create crown placement space on mesially tilted molar. This method is easy, simple and efficient technique which could be used in interproximal space gaining in selected situation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate QLF (quantitative light-induced fluorescence) technology for the caries detection in primary teeth and validate the relationships between the cavity volume of carious lesions and QLF analysis results. Total 125 tooth surfaces include 53 occlusal surfaces, and 72 proximal surfaces were investigated with the portable QLF device for detection of dental caries in primary molars. Micro-CT radiograph was also performed to classify carious lesions and calculate the cavity volume. QLF showed good accuracy and reliability (sensitivity 0.75 - 0.94, specificity 0.82 - 0.95, and AUROC 0.88 - 0.98) for the caries detection in primary teeth except 𝚫R average results of proximal caries which showed relatively low values. Statistically significant relationships were found between 𝚫F average, QS-Index and the cavity volume according to Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients (r = 0.805 - 0.832, p < 0.001). QLF detection method would be a harmless and reliable way for children to diagnose dental caries without the concern about radiation exposure.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.236-246
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• 2004

Artificial carious lesions in various depths were observed with visual examination using light transillumination, bite-wing radiography, laser fluorescence, and dye-enhanced laser fluorescence to determine the reproducibility, correlation of each diagnostic method, diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity. And optical densities according to demineralized times were measured whether laser fluorescence could be used as a quantitative diagnostic method. The following results were obtained whether laser fluorescence could be used for diagnosis of initial proximal caries. 1. Tau-c values of visual examination was 0.08 which showed lowest reproducibility and those of bite-wing radiography, laser fluorescence, dye-enhanced laser fluorescence were 0.60, 0.48, and 0.64, respectively which showed relatively high reproducibility. 2. The correlation between demineralization time and each examination was the highest in dye-enhanced laser fluorescence$({\gamma}=0.51)$ followed by laser fluorescence$({\gamma}=0.43)$, bite-wing radiograph$({\gamma}=0.35)$, and visual examination$({\gamma}=0.33)$. Dye-enhanced laser fluorescence and laser fluorescence showed significant correlation with demineralization time. 3. The sensitivity of laser fluorescence and dye-enhanced laser fluorescence for diagnosing approximal caries based on bite-wing radiography were 67%, 100% and those of specificity were 57%, 11% which showed diagnostic specificity was relatively lower than sensitivity. 4. The difference in optical density(DFR) between sound teeth and carious lesions according to lesion depth was high with dye-enhanced laser fluorescence compared with laser fluorescence. DFR measured with laser fluorescence according to changes in lesion depth was statistically significant but was not statistically significant with dye-enhanced laser fluorescence. Based on these results, laser fluorescence and dye-enhanced laser fluorescence have comparable diagnostic power as bite-wing radiography in early diagnosis of proximal caries.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2005

목적 : 기존 구내 방사선 촬영에서 사용되었던 Film에서의 노출선량과 Digital Sensor를 이용한 구내 디지털 촬영에서의 노출선량을 비교하여 현재 광범위 하게 사용 되어지고 있는 Digital Sensor가 환자의 피폭선량을 감소하는데 기여하는 정도를 알아본다. 대상 및 방법 : 치아 우식증이 없는 5개의 구치부 치아를 선택하여 석고 블럭에 매식한 후 교합면과 인접면에 우식병소들을 형성하였다. 이를 필름(Kodak Insight; IS, Kodak Co, USA)과 Digital Sensor(Kodak RVG 6000; Kodak Co, USA)에 XCP Instrument(Rinn Co, USA)를 사용하고, 전면에는 조직등가물질인 Acrylic Resin Block 20mm를 설치하였다. Acrylic Resin Block의 관구 측면 에서는 조사선량계를 부착하여 단계별로 변화시키는 노출조건에 대한 조사선량을 측정하였다. 그리고 이렇게 얻어진 영상을 3명의 방사선학 전공의와 1명 의 보존과 전공의가 평가를 하였다. 결과 : Film과 Digital Sensor를 가지고 촬영한 영상을 분석한 결과 노출선량에서도 Digital Sensor는 Film 노출선량과 비슷한 결과를 도출해 낼 수 있었다. 그러나 Digital Sensor로 촬영된 영상의 경우에는 Film 경우보다 좀더 효과적으로 조사선량을 판단 할 수 있었으며, 또한 영상 판독시 필름보다 폭 넓게 응용 할 수 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 선량 변화에만 의존하는 것이 아니라 Digital Sensor로 촬영시 영상 조절을 병행한다면 좀더 정확하고 효과적인 진단 활동에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2004

Preformed stainless steel crown is an useful restorative material for the treatment of badly broken down primary teeth. However iatrogenic damage to adjacent teeth might occur during the process of tooth reduction. Such damages might lead to plaque accumulation and increase the risks of caries initiation. Especially the damage can make a problem in the first permanent molar. Purpose of this study was to investigate an iatrogenic damage to the first permanent molar during preparation of second primary molar for preformed stainless steel crown. Twelve children restored with preformed stainless steel crown to second primary molar were selected. Contact areas were separated with separation elastics, and tooth surfaces were cleaned. After taking negative impression using vinylpolysiloxane impression material, the specimens were examined by scanning electron microscope for the detection of iatrogenic damage. The prevalence of iatrogenic damage was 66.7% and variable appearances and So we can suggest that when preparing teeth for preformed stainless steel crown, we should be careful about adjacent teeth not to make an iatrogenic damage.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.244-249
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• 2011

This in vitro study compared the remineralization of incipient interproximal caries in the presence of three glass ionomer cements(highly-filled glass ionomer cement, resin-modified glass ionomer cement, compomer) and a resin composite(control). Thirty-two extracted premolars were selected based upon the lack of any visible demineralization. The teeth were coated in a transparent acid resistant nail varnish leaving $3{\times}3$ mm square. The teeth were subjected to the demineralizing buffer for 3 days and quantitative light-induced fluorescence(QLF) images of the subjects were taken. Proximal restoration was simulated by placing tooth specimens and the various glass ionomer cements in closed containers with artificial saliva at $37^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0 with constant circulation. Further QLF images were subsequently taken at 30, 60, and 90 days. The changes of mineral loss(${\Delta}Q$) were evaluated by QLF and the change of ${\Delta}Q$(${\Delta}{\Delta}Q$) were compared between groups in order to evaluate the effects of remineralization. All data were analyzed using ANOVA and the post-HOC Dunnett C multiple comparison test at p<0.05. While ${\Delta}Q$(changes of mineral loss) increased for all treatments, the increases for three glass ionomer groups were significantly higher than that for the resin group at first month period. As time went on, the amount of ${\Delta}{\Delta}Q$ decreased.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.498-503
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• 2006

This in vitro study compared the remineralization of incipient interproximal caries in the presence of three glass ionomer cements (highly-filled glass ionomer cement, compomer, resin-modified glass ionomer cement) and a resin composite(control). The long-term changes in remineralization caused by each material were evaluated by microtomography. Proximal restoration was simulated by placing tooth specimens and the various glass ionomer cements in closed containers with artificial saliva at $37^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0 for 30 days with constant circulation Tomographic images were obtained with a micro CT scanner at 90, 180, and 270 days, and density-measuring software was used to calculate the micro-density of artificial caries lesions in the specimens. The mean density changes were compared between groups in order to evaluate the effects of remineralization. All data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the post-HOC Tukey multiple comparison test at p<0.05. While the density of artificial caries lesions increased for all treatments, the increases for the three glass ionomer groups were significantly higher than that for the resin group in each three month period. As time went on, the amount of density increase of the glass ionomer groups decreased, and significant differences were found between the remineralization effects of the glass ionomer groups.