• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 2001

This study estimated the impacts of the building permit area change on the forest products import quantities in Korea. The first objective of this dissertation is to analyze whether there is any causal relationship between change in the building permit area and changes in the import quantities of forest products in Korea. Assuming that there is any causal relationship, the second objective is to evaluate the dynamics of the impacts of the building permit area change on the forest products import quantities in Korea. The relationship between the building permit area and the import quantity was represented by bivariate vector autoregressive or vector error correction model. Whether there is any causal relationship between change in the building permit area and changes in the import quantities of forest products was analyzed by the causality test of Granger. And the dynamics of the impacts of the building permit area change on the forest products import quantities were evaluated by variance decomposition analysis and impulse response analysis. The import quantity of forest products can be explained by the lagged building permit area variables and the lagged import quantity variables in Korea. Change in the building permit area causes change in the high-density fiberboard import quantity in Korea. In the bivariate model of the high-density fiberboard import quantity, after six months, the building permit area change accounts for about ten percent of variation in the import quantity, and its own change accounts for about ninety percent of variation in the import quantity. On the other hand, the impact of a shock to the building permit area is significant for about six months on the import quantity of high-density fiberboard in Korea. That is, if the building permit area change indeed had an impact on the import quantity of high-density fiberboard in Korea, it was only of a short-term nature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.5
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• pp.663-671
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• 2001

This study estimated the impacts of the interest rate change on the forest products import quantities in Korea. The first objective is to analyze whether there is any causal relationship between change in the interest rate and changes in the import quantities of forest products in Korea. And the second objective is to evaluate the dynamics of the impacts of the interest rate change on the forest products import quantities in Korea. The relationship between the interest rate and the import quantity was represented by bivariate vector autoregressive model. Whether there is any causal relationship between change in the interest rate and changes in the import quantities of forest products was analyzed by the causality test. And the dynamics of the impacts of the interest rate change on the forest products import quantities were evaluated by variance decomposition analysis and impulse response analysis. The import quantity of forest products can be explained by the lagged interest rate variables and the lagged import quantity variables in Korea. Change in the interest rate causes change in the plywood import quantity in Korea. In the bivariate model of the plywood import quantity, after three months, the interest rate change accounts for about twenty percent of variation in the import quantity, and its own change accounts for about eighty percent of variation in the import quantity. On the other hand, the impact of a shock to the interest rate is significant for about six months on the import quantity of plywood in Korea. That is, if the interest rate change had an impact on the import quantity of plywood in Korea, it was only of a short-term nature.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.165-170
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• 2015

This study attempted to investigate an efficient human resources management plan by enhancing organizational performance and reducing the factors which influence turnover intention after analyzing the effects of job burnout on organizational effectiveness and turnover intention. To test a research model, after explaining the purpose of the study to them at work, data were obtained through a standardized questionnaire survey. To figure out the effects of job burnout on organizational effectiveness and turnover intention, causality was analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). According to hypothesis testing, a total of five hypotheses were chosen, and the following results were obtained: Job burnout had a significant effect on organizational commitment (-0.456), job satisfaction (-0.488) and turnover intention (0.501). In terms of relations between organizational effectiveness and turnover intention, organizational commitment (-0.350) and job satisfaction (-0.199) decreased turnover intention. Therefore, it is important to discover and analyze these obstacles which hinder employees from being absorbed in their work with attachment.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.869-880
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine relationship between water consumption and economic growth in Korea, and to obtain policy implications of the results. To this end, we attempt to provide more careful consideration of the causality issues by applying rigorous techniques of Granger causality. Tests for unit roots, co-integration, and Granger causality based on an error-correction model are presented. The existence of bi-directional causality between water consumption and economic growth in Korea is detected. This finding has various implications for policy analysts and forecasters in Korea. Economic growth requires enormous water consumption, though there are many other factors contributing to economic growth, and water consumption is but one part of it. Thus, this study generates confidence in decisions to invest in the water supply infrastructure. Moreover, this study lends support to the argument that an increase in real income, ceteris paribus, gives rise to water consumption. Economic growth results in a higher proportion of national income spent on water supply services and stimulates further water consumption.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11b
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• pp.669-672
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• 2010

본 연구는 방문건강관리사업 대상자 중 취약한 노인여성과 노인증후군 관련요인에 대한 인과관계 모형을 규명하여 취약한 노인 여성의 보건의료서비스 제공 시 효율적인 방안제시를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 시행하였다. 연구대상자는 2008년 7월 1일부터 9월 30일까지의 기간 동안 전국 보건소에 등록된 방문건강관리사업 대상자 중 동의된 65세 이상 노인여성 1,350명을 선정하여 훈련된 조사원이 직접면담을 통해 조사하였다. 수집된 자료 중 불충분한 29명을 제외한 1,321명을 최종 분석대상으로 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 17.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석 및 카이제곱 검정, t-검정, ANOVA, 사후검정은 Tukey를 이용하였으며, 유의한 변수들을 선정하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 분석 하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 허약과 관련 있는 노인증후군위험요인은 우울, 요실금, 낙상력, 일상적 수행활동(ADL)으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 둘째, 허약에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 연령이 75세 이상의 고령일수록, 우울과 요실금의 증상이 있을 때, 최근 낙상경험이 있을 때 허약의 증가 위험이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 셋째, 노인증후군의 위험요인 증가에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 평생 동안 담배를 5갑 이상 피웠을 때, 당뇨병이 있을 때로 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상 결과를 볼 때, 취약 노인 대상으로 노인증후군, 허약의 향상을 위해서는 만성질환관리 프로그램 뿐 만 아니라 체계적인 근력강화 운동 및 정신건강관리 프로그램의 충분한 확대보급이 반드시 필요하다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.145-174
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• 2017

Recently, due to the worsening global economic recession, Korea which is a small, export-oriented economy has decreased exports and the domestic economy also continues to stagnate. Therefore, for continued growth of our economy through export growth, we need to analyze the validity of export support system such as export insurance and prepare ways to expand exports. This study is to investigate the effects of Export Insurance on the exports of SMEs as well as LEs. For this purpose, this study conducted Time Series Analysis using data such as export, export insurance acquisition, export price index, exchange rate, and coincident composite index(CCI). First, as a result of the Granger Causality Test, the exports of LEs has found to have a causal relationship with the CCI, and CCI is to have a causal relationship with the short-term export insurance record. Second, the results of VAR analysis show that the export insurance acquisition result and the export price index have a positive effect on the exports of LEs, while the short - term export insurance has a negative effect on the exports of LEs. Third, as a result of variance decomposition, the export of LEs has much more influenced for mid to long term by the short-term export insurance acquisition compared to SMEs. Fourth, short-term export insurance has a positive effect on exports of SMEs. In order to activate short-term export insurance against SMEs, it is necessary to expand support for SMEs by local governments. This study aims to suggest policy implications for establishing effective export insurance policy by analyzing the effects of export insurance on the export of SMEs as well as LEs. It is necessary to carry out a time series analysis on the export results according to the insurance acquisition results by industry to measure the export support effect of export insurance more precisely.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.136-150
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• 2016

As foodservice industry has been developing, more people are interested in healthy life and want to learn cooking. This study validated the moderating effect of education program on cooking institutes. Also the present study revealed cause and effect relationship among the education environment, the satisfaction and reregistration intentions by conducting a survey for trainees in cooking institutes located in Busan and Gyeongnam area. For the purposes of the study, conjunction and organic cause-and-effect relationship of entire model was validated by using an exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with 313 trainees who have used cooking institutes. A nested model and basic model were established to analyze the moderating effect of education program. The adjustment role of education program was validated with ${\chi}^2$ difference considering the degree of freedom between two models. As results of the analysis, the education service was statistically significant in all factors except the effect on education satisfaction. The education program has moderating effect on the relationship between the level of instructor and satisfaction degree, and between satisfaction degree and the reregistration intentions. Therefore, this study suggests that managers of cooking institutes should recruit instructors with excellent capability in order to operate the education program very well.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

Due to long-term social distancing due to the spread of COVID-19, business trends of restaurant companies are being implemented in accordance with the changed environment such as packaging and subscription. However, even in this environment, upscale restaurants are generating high profits by trying to differentiate themselves from existing restaurants by providing high-quality services with the best facilities. Therefore, this study describes how customers' experience of upscale restaurant service influences behavioral loyalty. That is, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of service experience on cognitive satisfaction and emotional attachment, and to examine the causal role of cognitive satisfaction and emotional attachment by confirming the relationship between these constructs and relationship commitment and behavioral loyalty. To verify this, data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 300 consumers who recently used a upscale restaurant. Of the collected data, 275 copies(91.6%) were used for the final analysis, and inaccurate or erroneous data among 25 response sheets were excluded. In this study, the validity and reliability of the data were checked and the research hypothesis was verified by using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20 statistical package. Frequency analysis was performed to confirm the demographic characteristics of the respondent. Structural equation model analysis(SEM) was used to confirm the fit of the research model and to verify the research hypothesis. As a result of the research hypothesis analysis, it was found that service experience had a positive effect on cognitive satisfaction, and cognitive satisfaction had a positive effect on emotional attachment, relationship commitment, and behavioral loyalty. Also, it was found that emotional attachment had a positive effect on relationship commitment and behavioral loyalty, and relationship commitment had a positive effect on behavioral loyalty. However, service experience did not affect emotional attachment. With this study, marketers and managers of upscale restaurants such as hotel restaurants need to accurately select their target audience, understand their service needs, and then present the appropriate service to them. In addition, they should not only induce cognitive satisfaction by providing excellent service to their customers, but also identify moments of truth and present appropriate services so that satisfied customers can strengthen their emotional attachment. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the relationship with their firms by forming friendly relationships with customers who have high emotional attachment, and also to induce relationship commitment so that such customers have a strong sense of belonging and attachment to their firms.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2017

This study is to investigate the dynamic relationship between international capital flows and won exchange rate to the major currency in Korea. As the results of Granger causality test, international capital flows Granger-cause currency rate volatility in the short term. However, over time, won exchange rate volatility Granger-cause international capital flows in Korea. According to the results by period divided based on 2008 financial crisis, international capital flows have the significant effects on won-dollar exchange rate volatility before 2008 crisis although currency rate volatility Granger-cause international capital flows after the crisis. As the results of impulse-response function of the basis of VAR, foreign exchange rate volatility has no connection with international capital flows before the crisis while it doesn't after. After the crisis, currency rate volatility has promoted international capital flows, while its influence diminishes as time passes. As these results, the uncertainty of foreign exchange market tend to influence the international capital flows rather than vice versa in Korea. Thus, it would be a more effective policy to control the uncertainty of market than the direct restrictions international capital flows.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.113-116
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• 2017

본 연구는 창업지원사업의 효과성을 높이기 위해 창업지원사업의 분야 및 창업지원사업의 기대충족도와 경영성과와의 인과관계를 규명하고 창업기업의 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지를 검증하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이에 따라 우리나라 창업지원사업의 분야별 인지도, 중요도, 만족도를 살펴보고, 이러한 인식도의 차이인 기대충족도를 비교분석하여 이에 근거한 문제점을 파악함으로서 현 시대에 맞는 발전방향을 도출하여 우리나라 창업지원사업의 발전방안들을 제시하며, 합리적이고 효과적인 정책방향을 탐색하고자한다. 조사대상은 충청남도와 충청북도의 창업보육센터에 위치하며, 중소기업창업지원법에 의해 사업을 개시하고 7년이 지나지 않은 개인사업자 및 법인 사업자로 한정하였다. 자료수집 방법은 창업보육 매니저에게 요청하여 10개의 창업보육센터를 대상으로 총 150개의 입주기업에 이메일 설문지가 발송되었고, 자기보고식 작성방법에 따라 설문회수된 123개의 설문지 중 불성실 하게 응답한 설문지 1부를 제외한 총 122개를 최종 설문지로 사용하였다. 연구를 위한 자료의 수집은 2017년 10월 10일부터 2017년 10월 25일까지 2주간 실시하였다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0을 활용하여 분석하였다. 창업지원사업 분야별로 창업자들이 상대적으로 중요하게 생각하는 정도와 실제 만족하는 정도의 평균값과 그 차이에 대한 검정을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 창업지원사업 중 가장 중요하게 인지하고 있는 분야는 자금지원(4.44점), 시설 공간(4.25점), 컨설팅(3.80점), 창업교육(3.76점) 순으로 나타났고, 자금지원과 시설 공간은 4점 이상의 높은 점수를 보였다. 창업지원사업의 만족도는 창업교육(3.39점), 시설 공간(3.48점), 자금지원(3.36점), 컨설팅(3.33점)순으로 나타났다. 창업지원사업의 창업교육, 시설 공간, 컨설팅, 자금지원 각각 분야의 중요도와 만족도의 차이에 대한 통계적 유의성을 검정한 결과 모든 분야에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.