• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.167-177
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• 2009

As the service quality has been reconsidered in public sector as well as private enterprises, the need for public sectors to adopt principle and practices of private sectors is concerned with customer-focused approach, the different business culture of public service organizations makes it difficult to improve service qualify. Also, Since concept of service contains intangibility, heterogeneity, Simultaneousness and perishability, it makes peoples more difficult to measure service quality. Therefore, this study proposes synthetic Administrative Service duality Index(ASQI) using fuzzy set theory and analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the service qualify in subjective environment. In ASQI model, Fuzzy set theory helps to measure the ambiguity of concepts that are relative to human being's subjective judgement. Also, this study utilizes AHP method to evaluate the preference weights of service quality dimensions (tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy) for customers.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2011

This paper is aimed at analyzing the relationship between users' actions in relation to a SNG (Social Network Game), which mainly targets communities, and the motivations that give rise to such selective actions. The subjects of existing researches on game area have rarely dealt with game users but mainly focused on the studies and utilization of game production technologies; and, in cases of studies on games users, their subjects have been hardly more than observations of users' behaviors in relation to the performance to achieve certain goals or themes of a game; for example, upgrading a character's level or obtaining rewards through "defeat". Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the actions of SNS game users from the perspective of behavioral selections caused by various motivations of human beings rather than approaching from the perspective of problem solving methods. In order to accomplish this goal, fist of all, Lazzaro's People Fun model and motivation theory of SNS users will be analyzed. Secondly, relevant materials from 13 SNG cases will be collected. Games' events and the functional actions of users will be classified. Lastly, the primary actions of SNG users will be classified into 8 different types and motivations - action patterns will be analyzed based on the classified materials.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.27
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• pp.1-34
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• 2016

This paper aims to understand how Daesoonjinrihoe perceives the Later World. Daesoonjinrihoe supports to establish an earthly paradise through the re-creation of the real world unlike other religions which tend to relegate ultimate fulfillment to the afterlife. In other words, Daesoonjinrihoe endeavors to achieve their objectives in the human world rather than outside of it in a potential act of escapism. The new religions in Korea have been characterized by ethnocentrism and doctrines which present Koreans as the new chosen people by emphasizing Korea's crucial role in world leadership. However, the doctrine of Daesoonjinrihoe differ with other new religions of Korea in this regard as its purpose is to redeem the whole world. Daesoonjinrihoe proposes an open embrace of the religious diversity found in Korean society. Daesoonjinrihoe argues that the Later World has not come yet, even though the Former World is over and progress towards the Later World has already been set in motion. The meaning of human nobility is akin to anthropocentricity. According to a variety of myths and legends, animals and supernatural often attempt to become human. Moreover, it would not be an overstatement to assert that the re-creation of the real world and the Daesoon concept of human nobility correspond with these myths and legends. There were not definite interpretations regarding heaven in Confucianism historically, yet Daesoonjinrihoe differentiates clearly that heaven and Sangje are cosmic structures. Buddhism perceives that heaven separately exists as a cosmic structure and that Buddha is a transcendental entity, however; that entity is not accessible for intercession. On the contrary, the ways to save the world have been adduced in Daesoonjinrihoe. In addition, the earthly paradise of the Later World has likewise been introduced. Specifically, it is Sangje that opens the door to that paradise. Unresolved issues in the formation of a world view still persist. There are no shortage of studies on the notion of gods or divine beings, however; most of these studies focus on genealogical classification, forms, functions and other such topics. The concept of god, ghost, or soul does not seem to have been clearly defined in these studies nor has the relationship among these entities and humanity been satisfactorily examined. For example, if human beings become either gods or divine beings, questions regarding divine beings who have acted as protectors or guardians of human beings then arises. The Daesoon cosmology should be specifically compared to cosmology in Daoism. By conducting additional studies such as a comparative research with Daoism, it will be possible to interpret mantras and Daoist art as they appear in Daesoonjinrihoe in a thought-provoking way which can in turn be compared with other religions.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2000

In this study design information was separately defined form general product information and thus factors reflected in product design ion the basis of values and roles were extracted. The following is a classification of 5 different types of design factors divided according to their disposition. ·Innovation factor - element which previously did not exist or element related with explicit reformation ·Open factor - active element which not only improves current performance but also induces new functions through understanding of usage situations and new possibilities. ·Anterior factor - element which prolongs and develops the early development requirements of products through C.I. and P.I. related elements and characteristics of previous models and design strategy. Self-evidence factor - element related with function visualization through product structure which may make possible the consolidation of shape and function. Rigid factor - element, based on the human factors engineering, related with the safety and efficiency of users. This classification was obtained by defining major characteristics of products considering the target consumer and market characteristics. In this classification factor structuring design process which efficiently deducted a differentiated final product by synthesizing factors of higher importance as dominant factors was proposed. With this kind of factor structuring process, product differentiation may be achieved by bestowing individual characteristics to each product by combining design dominant factors associated with the product for a specific purpose from the stages of product concept development. Moreover, this may be used as an approach to actively correspond to the various and specific demands of the comsumer.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.51-69
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of death education on attitudes toward death and depression for older adults. A death education program consisted of needs of death education, alternatives for dignity on death, not ending death(I, II), hospice(I, II), and 9 patterns of death(I, II, III). Participants in this study were 38 older adults aged 60 years or older. Attitudes toward death and depression scales for Korean elders were employed. The data collection and intervention were performed from January to June, 2008. The subjects participated in a death education program for 1 time per week during 10 weeks. The data were analyzed with t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS/Window 14.0. After the intervention, the subjects showed significant difference in attitudes toward death compared to that of pre-intervention. The subjects after the intervention showed no statistical differences in change of depression compared to that of pre-intervention. Also, attitudes toward death were negatively related with depression both before and after interventions, but the change of relation was not significant. The findings of this study contributed to extend the base of program developments on death education enhancing attitudes toward death among Korean older adults.

• 한국노년학
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.155-170
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• 2005

The purpose of study is to compare the level of participation of the elderly people in the activity of production between Korea and Canada and to identify the factors related to the participation of the elderly people in the activity of production between Korea and Canada. In order to conduct a comparative culture study two data sets were used; one was the 1999 Survey of Time Use collected by Korean Statistics Office and the other was 1998 Survey of Time Use collected by Canadian Statistics Office. Many countries have been collected a time use survey and used to study labor, welfare, and culture. Total number of 17,730 Korean and 2,729 Canadian between 55 and 84 were included to analyze the data. It is clear from the results that older people engage in various productive behaviors, particularly when the definition of activities is broadened to include unpaid work. It is also clear the overall productive contributions are higher among older Koreans than among older Canadians. While the focus in this study has been strictly on productive activities, the aging well literature suggests that the ability to remain independent in later life is enhanced through continued engagement in productive activities. It is thus critical that we better understand the nature of later-life activities and in particular the wide-ranging contributions made by older people. This is an important area of further exploration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.808-817
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• 2013

This study was conducted to compare job satisfaction and factors related to job satisfaction between permanently and temporarily employed dietitians in school foodservices in the Gyeongsangnam-do area. A total of 204 questionnaires were used in the final analysis. The average age, length of employment, and monthly wage of temporarily employed dietitians was significantly lower than those of permanently employed dietitians. However, there was no significant difference of overall job satisfaction between permanently and temporarily employed dietitians, although the average pay, welfare benefits, and promotion factors for permanently employed dietitians was significantly higher. Work and pay factors had significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of permanently employed dietitians, while work factors and work atmosphere had significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of temporarily employed dietitians. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in overall factors related to job satisfaction between permanently employed dietitian and temporarily employed dietitians. The pay, welfare benefits, and promotion condition of temporarily employed dietitians should be improved to ensure the efficient management of the school foodservice workforce in the future.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.4 s.28
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• pp.77-92
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• 2001

현대의 건축시기는 다원성의 시기 또는 복합성의 시기라고 불리운다. 모더니즘과 포스트모더니즘의 시기를 거치며 다양한 형태적 실험의 과정을 겪었고 수많은 이데올로기와 이론들로 무장된 논쟁의 역사도 갖게 되었다. 이러한 현대건축의 다양성은 건축디자인이라는 전문직의 사회에 기여하는 역할을 반추(反芻)함과 동시에 다변하는 인간사고의 역동성을 반영하고 있다. 건축관련 책자나 저널 등에서 흔히 발견할 수 있는 Neo-Classicism, Deconstructivism, Minimalism, High-Tech, New Moderns 등등의 건축양식들은 스타일을 지칭하는 언어라기보다는 건축적 사고를 지칭하는 언어라고 할 수 있다. 결국 건축디자인이라는 작업은 인간을 둘러 싼 건조환경의 생성에서 출발하는 것이므로 건축적 사고방식은 그 시기의 사회현상과 밀접한 관계를 맺게 된다. 20세기 말부터 불어닥친 디지털 문화의 사회변혁은 전 세계를 하나의 채널로 엮게 되었고, 이러한 영향들은 지역과 민족, 그리고 종교적인 요소들까지도 혼합하여 국경을 초월한 미래의 새로운 이상들을 꿈꾸게 되었다. 19세기 산업혁명과 함께 급속히 벨라진 인류문명의 진보는 필수적으로 세계화를 동반하는 것이고, 세계화와 지역성사이의 괴리를 통해 나타나는 문화적 비판과 충돌은 아직도 진행상태인 것이다. 세계화라는 통염은 문명의 보편성을 기반으로 하며 전통문화의 파괴가 뒤따를 수밖에 없는데, 현재와 같이 IT혁명을 통해 급속도로 빨라진 세계문화의 교류는 한 국가가 뿌리를 내리고 있는 문화적 유산이라는 토양을 포기하여야 할 단계에 와 있다고 논평할 정도이다. 여기서 건축은 문화적 상징으로 작용하게 되는데, 그것이 심미적이든 관습적이든 또는, 경제적이든 건축가는 해답의 제시라는 임무에 직면하게 된다. 20세기에 진행된 모더니즘의 건축은 구조와 공간에 대한 고전건축의 숙원을 고덕건축이 이룬 것처럼 15세기 르네상스 시대로부터 진행된 형태와 공간, 기능, 그리고 아름다움과 기술(technology) 또는 경제성 등에 대한 건축적 의문과 탐구를 일단락지었다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 모더니즘의 한복판에 Mies van der Rohe라는 거장이 깊은 발자국을 남기며 한 시대를 이루었고 그가 남긴 시대정신의 이념과 가치를 Miesianism이라고 부른다. 실용성과 도덕성을 근본으로 하는 Miesianism은 대중에 호소하는 미적 표현주의를 부정하고 지역정서를 중시하는 문맥적 접근방식을 경시함으로써 보편화라는 현상을 불러일으킨 국제주의 양식의 한 부류로 비판을 받아왔다. 즉, Miesianism의 단순하고 강렬한 외형적 요소는 그것이 내포하는 기술적 합리성이나 공간적 완결성을 무시한 채 전 세계에 영향을 미쳤고 동시에 지역적 저항을 받게 되었다. 시카고 및 전 세계의 Miesian들, 즉 Mies van der Rohe의 제자들이나 그로부터 영향을 받은 수많은 건축가들은 이러한 저항과 비판에 직면하게 되며 새로운 사고의 시대적 요구 앞에 고뇌하게 된다. 한국에서는 1978년 Mies van der Rohe의 제자인 김종성이 미국에서 서울로 돌아와 '서울건축컨설탄트'를 설립하며 본격적으로 Miesianism의 규범적 건축론을 설파하기 시작하였다. 이른바 시카고 국제주의학파의 건축전수라고 할 수 있는데 '서울건축컨설탄트'를 통하여 배출된 김종성의 제자들은 명쾌하고도 간결한 건축해법의 경험을 토대름대로의 정체성을 갖고자 노력하였으나 결국 다원적 가치를 요구하는 시대적 흐름 속에 혼란을 겪고 있는 것 또한 사실이다. 본 연구는 Miesianism의 기원을 밝히고 그것의 실수와 오류를 밝힘과 동시에 현대의 여러 가지 건축유형들과 비교하여 봄으로써 Post-Miesianism의 실체와 그 미래에 대하여 고찰하여 보고자 한다. 미스의 유산이라고 할 수 있는 Miesianism의 요체는 첫째, Schinkel로부터 이어받은 시대정신의 사명감, 둘째, Berlage가 전해준 전문가로서의 도덕성을 바탕으로 하여 이루어진 기술적 합리성의 실현, 그리고 마지막으로 그 당시의 추상예술에 대한 이해로써 받아들인 nee-Suprematism의 아방 가르데적인 자세라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 이것들을 전파하고 수용하는 과정에서 미스적인 단순하고 명쾌한 외관이 더욱 강한 인상을 남기게 되었고 또한 미스가 현대성의 본질이라고 믿는 기술의 전수는 모든 외관을 동일하게 만드는 International Style로서의 보편적 획일성을 초래하였다. Mies van der Rohe의 강력하고 규범적인 dogma는 그의 제자들에게는 강렬한 카리스마로 각인되었고, Mies가 원한 것이 아닐지라도 그들을 하나의 틀 속에 가두는 영향력을 행사하였다. 2세대이든 3세대이든 기술적 합리성과 추상적 단순미라는 믿음을 맹목적으로 추종할 때 그들은 Miesian으로 남아있게 되며, 거기서 벗어났을 때 non-Miesian, 또는 배신자로 취급하기까지 하였다. 이것은 미스의 제자들에게 강한 족쇄가 되어 형태적 또는 개념적 변화의 시도를 어렵게 하였고 시대적 요구에 부응하지 못한다는 평가에 이르게 되었다. 문화의 다양성과 역동성을 인정함과 동시에 Miesianism에 대한 새롭고 시대에 적합한 해석을 기대하게 되는데, 이러한 기대 속에서 우리는 Post-Miesianism이라는 새로운 유형을 엿볼 수 있게 된다. Post-Miesianism의 징후를 현대의 다양한 건축유형에서 발견할 수 있는데, High-Tech의 구축적이고 정밀한 건축 기술적 해법과 Minimalism의 반복성을 통한 추상미의 표현 등에서 뿐만이 아니라 Post-Modernism의 인간성의 추구나 문맥적 고려, 또는 해체주의의 형이상학적이고 아방가르데적인 실험주의 정신까지조차 Post-Miesianism이 공유할 수 있는 부분이 있다고 보여진다. 또한, 미스의 영향이 2세대, 3세대의 건축가들에게 미치면서 여러 방향으로 변질되어 가는 것을 우리는 발견할 수 있으며 그러한 시대성에 적응하는 시도들이야말로 새로운 미래를 향한 Post-Miesianism의 실체인 것이다. Mies가 말하였듯이 한 시대의 끝은 그 시대가 완전히 이해되었을 때이며, 모더니즘의 숙제는 아직 해결되지 않았으므로 Miesianism의 탐구는 Post-Miesianism이라는 새로운 주제로 계속될 것이다. 이를 통하여 21세기 디지털 문명의 시대 속에서 현대건축이 안을 수밖에 없는 보편성과 지역성의 충돌이라는 문제의 해결에 한 발걸음 다가갈 수 있기를 기대하여 본다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.79-88
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• 2014

Vampilov, who is not well known as a playwright in domestic, is acknowledged comparable to Anton Chekhov in Russia. This paper was planed in order to promote a unsatisfied study until now in domestic for works by Vampilov and studied a part of composing play to put on the stage for , a drama written by Vampilov. This paper, originated from a viewpoint that actor have to complete the final text of the play for audiences to read depending on the drama and based on work features and characters of Vampilov, established an analysis scheme according to segments of unit actions for actions of Sarafanov, the character of the play, in order to achieve a purpose under suggested situation at the drama and focused on completing purposes per units individually. We have analyzed Sarafanov and his actions referring patterns and probabilities of the characters in the other works by Vampiov and regarded it as the important item together with logical basis of actions. Lyric and humanism emphasizing works by Vampilov, affected by Anton Chekhov and Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol, are acknowledged as realistic descriptions using contingency and a play within a play outstandingly and emphasized an importance of human relation. We have selected as a primary way to compose action text that audiences would read on the stage and used it as the method to design action of the characters in order to activate natural good of Sarafanov and general absurdities that human, does creative works, never give up purposes of ideal life.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.83-95
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were: a) to determine the motive types of residents' participation in environmental NGO action program, b) to identify factors related to their motive in the activities, and c) to provide strategic implications to satisfy their motive. For the purpose, the researchers reviewed related literatures on motivation studies and various theories related to residents' participation. Based on the findings of this study, the following suggestions could be offered for the environmental NGO program activities : 1) Environmental NGOs should offor motive-friendly programs which may help the residents' participation in the NGO activities. 2) Environmental NGOs should provide diverse activity programs to facilitate participation and to gratify their motive. 3) To satisfy the motive of participation, environmental action programs should be organized and conducted through a careful considerations of the motive type of the peoples' participation, the characteristics of residents, and so on.