• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.73-80
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• 2023

Broad range of fatty acids were reported to show antimicrobial activities against broad range of microorganisms. However, possible changes of the antibacterial activity of a fatty acid based on structural variations are largely unknown. This study was focused on determination and comparison of the antimicrobial activities of the medium chain fatty acids, based on the position of carboxyl groups on either terminal end, against the representative food-pathogenic bacteria. Over all, mono-carboxyl medium chain fatty acids (MC-MCFA) presented stronger antimicrobial activities against the food-pathogenic bacteria tested including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) than di-carboxyl medium chain fatty acid (DC-MCFA). In addition, some of MC-MCFA and DC-MCFA showed high possibility to be used as a synergistic adjuvant for both the commercial β-lactam family antibiotics and aminoglycoside family antibiotics against MRSA.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.40-51
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• 2014

This study aims to investigate urban inundation considering building footprints based on dual-drainage scheme. For this purpose, LiDAR data is cultivated to generate two original data set in terms of DEM with $1{\times}1$ meter and building layer of the study drainage area in Seoul and then the building layer is overlapped as vector polygon with the mesh data with the same size as DEM. Then, terrain data for modeling were re-sampled to reduce resolution as $10{\times}10$ meters. As results, the simulated depth without considering building footprints has a tendency to underestimate the inundation depth compared to observed data analized by CCTV imagery. Otherwise, the simulation result considering building footprints revealed definitely higher fitness. The difference of inundation depth came from the variation of inundation volume which was relevant to inundation extent. If the building footprints are enlarged, the possible inundation depth is increased, which results in being inundation depth higher because hydrological conditions such as rainfall depth are conservational. Otherwise, according to comparison of inundation extents, there were no significant difference but the case of considering building footprint was revealed slightly higher fitness. Thus, it is concluded that the considering building footprint for inundation analysis of urban watershed should be required to improve simulation accuracy synthetically.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 1988

Some modern accerelators provide a dual energy for photon beam treatment. The main advantages of dual energy in the treatment of rectosigmoid or rectal cancer are as fellows. 1. Dose in the critical organ such as small intestine, bladder and genital organ are reduced. 2. Presacral and perineal area is fully covered. Dose distribution analysis such as calculation of dose in a target volume, isocenter, $D_{nax}$ and dose spectrum in any region of interest are possible. Examples of plan are given and results are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.279-299
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• 2015

This study examines the impact of Long-Term Care Insurance(LTCI) on family caregivers(especially focused on female household members) labor supply in South Korea. When public care and informal care are substitutes, LTCI will change allocation of time of family caregivers to spend more time to paid work. The impact of LTCI on labor supply depends on each country's institutional level of public care services. If public care can not substitute for informal care, labor supply of family caregivers will not rise significantly. The conclusions of vigorous empirical study from western countries' are incompatible and problem of endogeneity in terms of methodology has been raised consistently. The dataset of this study are used the third and ninth waves of Korea Welfare Panel. As a result, the introduction of LTCI had no effect on labor supply of household members. Robust findings suggest the positive effects of caregiving on labor market outcomes in simple comparison t-test, but not in fixed-effect regression. Compared with western countries, South Korea's public care services can be interpreted as a supplement to only part that remained at the level does not substitute informal care. These findings may suggest that if LTCI become much more prevalent in the future, senior citizens and family members will be able to choose the LTCI arrangement that best suits their needs.

• 한국정책학회보
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.161-198
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• 2014

The various types of improper usages in the process of delivering social services have been increasingly paid to attention in South Korea. This study, relying on empirical data about the various improper behaviors, explore whether the audit activity can reduce the degree of the improper behavior. In order to estimate the impact of the audit, we use the DID(Difference in difference) method, comparing the experimental group with the audit treatment and the control group without it. We control for size(the number of Service personnel and user), types of social service (elderly, disabled, etc.), organizational forms(profit, non-profit), region(metropolitan areas, small-medium cities, rural areas), and the number times of audit (1, 2, and 3 number). Our empirical results show that the audit decreased the ratio of payment violation by about 4.02 percent, the number of violations from providers' improper payment by approximately 5.07 and the number of violations from users' improper payment by approximately 9.59. Further research is required to explore why and how the audit can decrease the improper usage in social service with rigorous theoretical models.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.258-265
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• 2009

To develop environmentally friendly constructed wetlands(CWs) for treating domestic sewage which was produced in farming and fishing village, the efficiency of water treatment at different ventilation systems in the vertical bed, depths of horizontal bed, and sewage loads was investigated. In the vertical bed, BOD and COD by duplex ventilation system were lower than those by single ventilation system. But T-N and T-P concentrations by both ventilation systems in the vertical bed were little different. In the horizontal bed, BOD, COD, T-N and T-P in 1.0 m and 1.3 m depths were little different. To reduce the CWs' area and to improve the pollutant removal efficiencies, the optimum depth of horizontal bed was 1.3 m. In single and duplex ventilation CWs, the removal rate of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P decreased slightly with the sewage load increases. In same sewage load conditions, the removal rates of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P by duplex ventilation CWs were higher than those by single ventilation CWs. In summary, to effectively treat domestic sewage from farming and fishing village, the optimum constructed wetlands would be the duplex ventilation CWs.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.427-433
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• 2014

Trellising is an important cultural practice that affects grape quality and yield. Some grape cultivars require different trellising under different climate and soil conditions. To find suitable trellis conditions for grape cultivar 'Cheongsoo', we measured growth and fruit characteristics with three different trellis systems: curtain, Geneva double curtain (GDC), and modified T. The maximum light exposure of clusters in the curtain, GDC, modified T trellis systems was 670, 1,654, and $1,649{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. However, there was no difference in air temperature among the three trellis systems. Net $CO_2$ assimilation rate at $1,500{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ light intensity was 13.4, 13.7, and $8.7{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ in curtain, GDC, and modified T trellis systems, respectively. Trunk cross section area (TCSA) and bud burst rate were not significantly different among the three systems. Shoot number was 31.3, 47.0, and 37.0 in curtain, GDC, and modified T trellis systems, respectively. The shoot length was higher (243.9 cm) in the modified T trellis system than in the single curtain (171.1 cm) and GDC (151.5 cm) systems. Interior leaf number and leaf layer number were higher in the GDC system, in which there are two primary branches, in comparison to the modified T and curtain systems, which utilize one primary branch. Primary leaf area and lateral leaf area were significantly higher in the modified T trellis system in comparison to the GDC system. Berry weight, length and diameter, and total soluble solids were not significantly different among the three trellis systems. However, cluster weight and cluster number per tree were significantly higher in GDC. Titratable acidity was significantly lower in GDC. Collectively, our data suggest that the GDC trellis system is preferable for grape 'Cheongsoo' to maintain fruit quality and quantity in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.07a
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• pp.150-151
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 잡음환경에서의 이중채널 음성인식을 위한 통계모델 기반 음성구간 검출 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 다채널 입력 신호로부터 얻어진 공간정보를 이용하여 음성 존재 및 부재 확률모델을 구하고 이를 통해 음성구간 검출을 행한다. 이때, 공간정보는 두 채널간의 상호 시간 차이와 상호 크기 차이로, 음성 존재 및 부재 확률은 가우시안 커널 밀도 기반의 확률모델로 표현된다. 그리고 음성구간은 각 시간 프레임 별 음성 존재 확률 대비 음성 부재 확률의 비를 추정하여 검출된다. 제안된 음성구간 검출 방법의 평가를 위해 검출된 구간만을 입력으로 하는 음성인식 성능을 측정한다. 실험결과, 제안된 공간정보를 이용하는 통계모델 기반의 음성구간 검출 방법이 주파수 에너지를 이용하는 통계모델 기반의 음성구간 검출 방법과 주파수 스펙트럼 밀도 기반 음성구간 검출 방법에 비해 각각 15.6%, 15.4%의 상대적 오인식률 개선을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.163-163
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• 1993

대상환자는 모두 23명이였으여, 이중 12명은 fluconazole을, 11명은 nystatin을 투여받았다. 두 군사이에 연령, 남여비, 기저질환, 진균감염의 위험요소는 차이가 없었다. 투약기간은 fluconazole군(F)이 24일, nystatin군(N)이 23일이였다. 중도탈락은 3례로 F중 MRSA ？혈증 1례, N중 오심, 구토 1례외 Stevens-Johnson증후군 1례였다. 평가가능한 20례중, F 11례중 8례와, N 9례중 4례에서 진균감염중의 예방에 성공하였고, F 3례와 N 5례는 실패하였다. 실패한 F 3례는 코의 피부조직에서 aspergillus가 중명된 1례와 경험적으로 amphotericin을 투여한 2례였고, N 5례는 혈액배양에서 Candida tropicalis가 분리된 1례와 경험적 amphotericin을 받은 4례였다. 진균의 colonization은 F중 3균주는 치료중 소실되었으나, 2례는 증가하였다. N은 1균주가 소실된 반면, 3례는 증가하였다. Colonization이 증가한 F 2례는 C. albicans와 Trichosporon beigelli가 대변에서 분리된 경우이고. M 3례는 대변에서 C. albicans가 분리된 1례, 구강에서 aspergillus가 분리된 1례, 혈액배양에서 C. tropicalis가 분해된 1례였다. 부작용은 오심 구토가 F중 1례, N중 2례 였으며, 이중 N의 1례는 증상이 심하여 투약을 중지하였다. 간기능 검사상 SGOT/SGPT의 상승은 F 12중 3례, N 11중 2례에서 관찰되었으나, 두 군사이에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-39
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• 2016

This study suggests a case for people who are unfamiliar with data analysis to equip them in using big data easily without complex programming tasks. Consequently, we investigate whether a food-themed TV program influences the number of delivery food orders with the use of the difference-in-differences method. Results show that the number of delivery food orders significantly increased after broadcasting four of five food-themed TV program episodes, each of which focuses on a particular delivery food. This study contributes to the existing literature by presenting the possibility that food-themed TV programs can positively affect not only the broadcast delivery food stores but also the entire delivery food business. In addition, this study provides practical contributions by recommending a big data analysis methodology that can be easily employed by many people.