• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Radiological Science
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• 2002.06b
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• pp.29-29
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.779-783
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• 2019

Osteoporosis is a disease that increases the risk of fracture. In this study, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to compare bone density according to the lumbar spine rotation and inclination. The results of the showed that the bone density decreases with the rotation of the lumbar spine, but the result was not predicted in the inclination of the lumbar spine. This is due to the change of the inclusion of lumbar spine in the area of the bone and the bone density due to the overlap between the lumbar spine 1 and 4. In other words, the Radiogical technologists needs to make efforts to prevent the rotation of lumbar spine and the overlap according to the inclusion to obtain the accurate bone density results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2020

This study was conducted to examine the kinds and the frequency of incorrect outcomes occurring depending examiners' skills, in testing osteoporosis by using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) and improve frequently occurring errors by educating them. The results of an analysis show that the outcomes from the test of hips in patients with wrong postures or some regions with pressure fracture and degenerative changes were often included, even though they should be excluded, and that surgical instruments were also included in the analysis, though they should be excluded from resulting values. Of them, the errors most often found were those about patients' postures (n=56, 6 cases for spines and 50 cases for hips), followed by those about analytical processes (n=37, 35 cases for spines and 2 cases for hips), and then those about regions of interest (n=33, 28 cases for spines and 5 cases for hips). There were, however, no errors caused by the defectiveness of quality control.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2018

To evaluate the applicability of osteoporosis management by statistical analysis of the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) changes after menopause by dividing the T-score of bone mineral density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry do. Between January 1, 2016 and July 31, 2017, women who visited the medical center of W Medical Center were enrolled in this study. The postmenopausal period was divided into 5 groups, There were 18 patients within 5 years, 44 patients in 6~10 years, 134 patients in 11~15 years, 109 patients in 16~20 years and 21 patients in 21 years or older. And postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femur was measured using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The lowest value among lumbar spine 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the lowest value among the femoral neck, greater trochanter, total femur, and ward Values were measured. The statistical significance was analyzed by using bivariate correlation coefficient method and one - way ANOVA. In 326 patients who underwent BMD, the correlation between bone mineral density and postmenopausal BMD showed a negative correlation (-.159, p<.01) with BMD of femur and BMD of lumbar spine The correlation between the menopausal period and negative (-.208, p<.01) was shown. There was a significant difference (p<.012) between the postmenopausal femur bone density and the mean value of the lumbar spine BMD (p<.000). The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and postmenopausal women's postmenopausal status can be estimated by estimating the bone mineral density and using it as a basic data for osteoporosis management.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2002

The femoral fracture is the most serious problem of old ages haying osteoporotic fractures. First of all, prevention to reduce the incidence of hip fracture and to identify the risk factor is essential subject. The purpose of this study is to investigate which geometric parameters of proximal femur are related to the hip fracture risk in old ages. Author analyzed the bone density and bone content of over 60 years old women who had suffered hip fracture (n=60) and non fracture groups (n=60). Author concluded that geometric measurements of proximal femoral part made on dual energy x-ray absorptiometry can predict hip fracture independently of bone mineral density.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine factors that affect the bone mineral density of pre-menopause women by using the dual energy x-ray absorptionmetry, ultimately contributing to preventing women's osteoporosis that tends to be aggravated since menopause. Out of the subjects, 20.2% were suffering osteopenia. Age was found most important in estimating the level of bone mineral density. Meanwhile, the older women were, the significantly lower their bone mineral density was. It was found that taking exercise has a more positive effect on boss mineral density than not taking. Exercising in a suitable amount was helping women keep their bone mineral density better. Preferring meat to vegetarian diets were significantly affecting women's bone mineral density. Meanwhile, it was found that the shorter menstrual cycle is, the significantly lower bone mineral density is. A multi=regression analysis of bone mineral density and its related factors showed that the older women were, the significantly lower their bone mineral density was. In other words, age was found as the most risk factor of osteoporosis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.466-478
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• 2003

This study was to evaluate the body composition and bone mineral density according to aging in adult and investigated the relationship between various parameters such as body mass index(BMI), bone mineral density(BMD), bone mineral content(BMC), lean body mass(LBM), fat mass(FM) and the value obtained from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). The subjects were composed of healthy adult male and female who were $20^{\sim}73$ years old and they were divided three group according to age (A group : 20-39 yrs., B group : 40-59 yrs., C group : more than 60 yrs.). The conclusion derived from statistical analysis was as follows : 1. Bone mineral content and density were significantly affected by lean body mass(relatively, R=0.85 - 0.63). 2. There was significant difference among age groups in total bone mineral density. 3. There was significant difference among age groups in bone mineral content of male and female. 4. Lean body mass is diminished according to age, but there was not significant difference among age groups. 5. Fat mass of A group in male had the highest mass and followed by C group and B group. In female groups, fat mass of A group had the highest mass and followed by B group and C group. Abdominal fat mass is increased according to age. This result suggest that aging was closely relation with loss of muscle mass, bone mineral density and bone mineral content.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to search for the type of technical error in DEXA(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and the effect of error to measurement of BMD. Materials and Methods: The changes of BMD($g/cm^2$, T-score) by patients information(Age, Weight, Height, Manopause age) input error and Confirming ROI error were investigated. Using spine phantom, we canned 10 times by age(5, 10), weight(10, 20 kg), height(5, 10 cm), manopause age(5, 10) increase & decrease respectively. Scanning region(L-spine, femur, Forearm) of 10 patients was calculated by changing ROI respectively. Analysis of difference for mean(precision 1%) were carried out. Results: The error of patient information(Age, Weight, Height, Manopause age) was not changed differently. In confirming ROI, the BMD and T-score of L-spine involving T-12 was decreased to $0.063\;g/cm^2$, 0.3 and involving L-5 increased to $0.077\;g/cm^2$, 0.5. In narrowing 1 cm of vertical line of ROI, the BMD and T-score decreased to $0.006\;g/cm^2$, 0.1 and in 2 cm, $0.021\;g/cm^2$, 0.15, each. In hip ROI, Upper and left shift(0.5 cm) of line was not influenced BMD and T-score. In 0.5 cm lower shift(lesser trochanter below), the BMD and T-score increased $0.031\;g/cm^2$, 0.3 and in 1 cm $0.094\;g/cm^2$, 0.65, each. In forearm ROI, the BMD and T-score decreased $0.042\;g/cm^2$, 0.9 involving 1 cm lower wrist. And expanding 1 cm of vertical line, the BMD and T-score decreased $0.008\;g/cm^2$, 0.1 and in 2 cm, $0.021\;g/cm^2$, 0.3, each. The L-spine, hip, forearm ROI error was changed differently. Conclusion: There are so many kinds of technical error in BMD processing. Errors according to age, weight, height, manopause age did not influent to $BMD(g/cm^2)$ and T-score. There are mean differences BMD and T-score in confirming ROI. For the precision exam, in L-spine processing, L1-4 have to confirmed without shift of ROI vertical line. In hip processing, the ROI have to included greater trochanter, femur head and lesser trochanter. In forearm processing, the ROI have to included wrist, radius and ulnar.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2008

Purpose : This study was conducted to understand for the diagnostic discordance of bone mineral density(BMD) in DEXA(Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry). And the diagnostic difference between lumbar spine and femur neck, forearm was evaluated using T-score. Materials and Methods : We studied 220 females measured BMD on lumbar spine, and femur neck, forearm including ward's triangle and ultra digital(UD). We were distinguished T-score into normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis(WHO classification) and evaluated discordance rate according to age and degree of bone loss. Correlation analysis and chi-square test between L-spine, L-4, femur neck, Ward, Forearm, UD were carried out. Results : In the lumbar spine, the number of normal were in 57(25.9%), osteopenia in 86(39.1%), osteoporosis in 77(35.0%). In the L-4 and ward's triangle, the number of osteoporosis were in 78(35.5%), in 126(57.3%). There was significant correlation between lumbar, femur neck and forearm BMD in all cases. The discordance of BMD between lumbar and femur were 57%, lumbar and forearm 43%, forearm and femur 51%. The discordance rates of normal, osteopenic, osteoporotic groups were 39%, 64%, 43%, respectively, showing the highest discordance rate in osteopenia patients. In normal group of lumbar spine, the discordance rate was 25%, 23%, 11%, 65%, 86% in 30', 40', 50', 60', 70', respectively. In osteopenia, osteoporosis group of lumbar spine, the discordance rate was 62%, 55%, 36%, 20%, 9% in 30', 40', 50', 60', 70', respectively. Conclusion : It was different of the results of BMD with lumbar, femur and forearm site. The discordance rate was decreased with age in osteopenia, osteoporosis lumbar spine. In osteopenia group, the discordance rate was the highest. So, it is necessary that the BMD of lumbar, femur neck and forearm should be checked.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.1
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

Purpose To evaluate the ability of the Hounsfield unit (HU) measurement of the femoral neck during multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for assessing osteoporosis compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Materials and Methods Forty-two patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent MDCT and DXA from July to December 2016 were included in this study. HU measurements were made of the cancellous portions of the normal contralateral femoral neck on MDCT. Bone mineral density (BMD) and T-scores were obtained at the femur DXA. Correlations of HU values with BMD and T-scores were analyzed using Spearman's correlation test. Results The mean BMD and T-score of the femoral neck were 0.650 g/cm² and -2.4, respectively. The mean HU values for the normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups were 131.9, 98.9, and 41.3, respectively. HU values at the femoral neck were positively correlated with BMD (r² = 0.670; p < 0.001) and T-scores (r² = 0.676; p < 0.001). Conclusion The HU values of the femoral neck on MDCT are significantly correlated with BMD and T-scores of femur DXA. The HU values may serve as a diagnostic tool for the screening of regional bone quality when MDCT is performed for other reasons.