• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.507-512
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• 2005

When carbon electrode is used as an anode in Li ion battery, passivation film forms on the electrode surface during the initial charge process due to so called Solid-Electrolyte Interphase (SEI). The passivation film formed by solvent decomposition during the initial charge process affects charge/discharge capacity. In this paper, 1 M $LiPF_6,EC:DEC$ (1 : 1, volume ratio) electrolyte with $Li_2CO_3$, at various temperatures, the electrochemical characteristics of passivation film formed on Kawasaki Mesophase Fine Carbon electrode surface were investigated by using chronopotentiometry, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Experimental observations indicated that as solvent decomposition occurred, the decomposition voltage was strongly dependent on ionic conductivity, which was low in the process at low temperature. The impedance of passivation film formed during the initial charge process, were dependent on the temperature.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.382-388
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• 2000

Polymer electrolyte films consisting of poly(vinylidenefluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), LiClO$_3$ and a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and ${\gamma}$-butyrolactone (GBL) were examined in order to obtain the best compromise between high ionic conductivity, homogeniety, dimensional and electrochemical stability. Measurements of ionic conductivity, differential scanning calorimetry and linear sweep voltammetry have been carried out for various compositions. The highest conductivity of 3.8$\times$10$^{-3}$ S$cm^{-1}$ / at 3$0^{\circ}C$ were obtained for a film of 30(PVdF-HFP)+7.8LiClO$_4$+62.2EC/GBL. From the DSC study, it has been found that the PVdF-HFP gels are stable up to 10$0^{\circ}C$, and the salt lowers the melting temperature of crystalline part of PVdF by interacting sensitively with polymer segments. When Lithium metal is in contact with the gel films, it tends to undergo corrosion and the reaction products accumulate resulting in the formation of a passive film on Li electrode. As the aging time progresses, the interfacial resistance increases continuously. Anodic stability is measured to extend up to about 4.5 V vs. Li.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.51-51
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• 2011

1991년 스위스연방기술원(EPFL) 화학과 교수 Michae Gratzel이 발명한 염료감응 태양전지 (DSSC)는 값싼 원료와 저가공비 면에서 가장 경쟁력 있는 기술의 하나로 큰 기대를 받고 있다. 염료감응 태양전지의 특징은 전극기판의 재료나 염료를 바꿈으로서 형상이나 색체에 다양성을 갖도록 할 수 있다. 일반적인 염료감응 태양전지의 원리는 태양광이 염료 분자에 흡수, 염료는 여기상태가 되어 전자를 n형 반도체인 $TiO_2$의 전도대로 흘리고, 전자는 TCO전극으로 이동하여 외부 부하에 전기 에너지를 전달하고 상대전극으로 이동, 염료는 $TiO_2$에 전달한 전자 수만큼 전해질로부터 전자를 공급 받아 원래의 상태로 돌아가게 되는 원리에 의하여 발전된다. 전해질로는 $I^-/I_3^-$와 같이 산화-환원 종으로 구성되어 있으며, $I^-$ 이온의 source로는 LiI, NaI,이미다졸리움 요오드 등이 사용되며, $I_3^-$는 이온은 $I_2$를 용매에 녹여 생성시킨다. 전해질 매질은 acetonitrile과 같은 액체 또는 PVdF와 같은 고분자가 사용될 수 있다. 액체형의 경우 산화-환원 이온 종이 매질 내에서 신속하게 움직여 염료의 재생을 원활하게 도와주기 때문에 높은 에너지 변환 효율이 가능하지만, 전극 간의 접합이 완벽하지 못할 경우 누액의 문제를 가지고 있다. 반면, 고분자를 매질로 채택할 경우에는 누액의 염료는 없지만 산화-환원 종의 움직임이 둔화되어 에너지 변환 효율에 나쁜 영향을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 고분자 전해질을 사용할 경우에는 산화-환원 이온 종이 매질 내에서 신속하게 전달 될 수 있도록 설계하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 염료감응 태양전지에서 가장 큰 문제가 되고 있는 고체 전해질의 산화-환원 이온 종이 매질 내에서 신속하게 전달 될 수 있도록 dimethylsulfoxide solvent 에 녹말 일정량을 녹여 Starch-$I_2$ complex 를 시켜주므로, 광 전압{\cdot}{\cdot}$전가 증가되었으며, 전지의 안정성이 향상되었다.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.471-477
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• 2006

Ion exchange metal composite(IPMC) has toughness equivalent to the range of human's muscle, transformation-actuation force by relatively low voltage and the fast response time. Thus, as a new method for preparing thicker IPMC, the solution casting method to make the films of various thicknesses out of liquid nation was attempted in this study. To reduce the surface resistance of electrode, the first plated electrode prepared by Oguro method was replated with Au and Ir using ion beam assisted deposition(IBAD). The microstructures of electrode surfaces before and after IBAD plating were investigated using SEM. The change of water and ion-conductivity in IPMC were measured under applied voltage. The displacement and driving force of IPMCs with various thicknesses were measured to evaluate the driving properties.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.614-623
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• 1993

Electrical characteristics of LiF-$Li_{2}O-B_{2}O_{3}-P_{2}O_5$ glasses with fixed $Li_2O$ content have been investigated by using AC impedance spectroscopy. Part of the total lithium ions present in these glasses contributes to conduction, and the changes in electrical conductivity with composition was inconsistent with the weak electrolyte model. The power law could not be used to determine the hopping ion concentration in these glasses. Both mobile carrier density and mobility have been modified as Li were added in the form of LiF. The formation of $(B-O-P)^-,di^-$, and metaborate group gave additional available sites for Li+ diffusion causing the enhancement of conductivity. The observed maximum conductivity was $2.43 \times 10^{-4}$S/cm at $150^{\circ}C$ at the composition containing 8mol% LiF. The decomposion potential amounted to 5.94V. The Li/glass electrolyte/$TiS_2$ solid-state cell showed open circuit voltage of 3.14V and energy density of 22 Wh/Kg at $150^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.171-172
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.73-76
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.147-150
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• 2008

• Polymer Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.465-474
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2012

$LiFePO_4$ is an attractive cathode material due to its low cost, good cyclability and safety. But it has low ionic conductivity and working voltage impose a limitation on its application for commercial products. In order to solve these problems, the iron($Fe^{2+}$)site in $LiFePO_4$ can be substituted with other transition metal ions such as $Mn^{2+}$ in pursuance of increase the working voltage. Also, reducing the size of electrode materials to nanometer scale can improve the power density because of a larger electrode-electrolyte contact area and shorter diffusion lengths for Li ions in crystals. Therefore, we chose electrospinning as a general method to prepare $Li[Fe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}]PO_4$ to increase the surface area. Also, there have been very a few reports on the synthesis of cathode materials by electrospinning method for Lithium ion batteries. The morphology and nanostructure of the obtained $Li[Fe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}]PO_4$ nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). X-ray diffraction(XRD) measurements were also carried out in order to determine the structure of $Li[Fe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}]PO_4$ nanofibers. Electrochemical properties of $Li[Fe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}]PO_4$ were investigated with charge/discharge measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements(EIS).