• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2009

Purpose : Stem cell transplantation (SCT) has gained worldwide acceptance as a treatment for hematologic disorders. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of the acute kidney injury after SCT in children. Methods : The records of 53 patients who were treated with SCT at the pediatric department of Yeungnam University Hospital between January, 1996 and April, 2009 were used as subjects. Their were divided into two groups ; 'Early renal insufficiency' (ERI, n=18) and 'Non-early renal insufficiency' (NERI, n=35). ERI had greater than 25% of drop in GFR after SCT. Results: Total 53 patients were analyzed. In cord blood SCT (n=11), ERI was 4 (36.4%) and NERI was 7 (63.6%). In bone marrow SCT (n=16), ERI was 8 (50.0%) and NERI was 8 (50.5%). In autologous peripheral blood SCT (n=26), ERI was 6 (23.1%) and NERI was 20 (76.9%). There is no difference in both groups according to kinds of SCT. GVHD was developed in 22 patients, and there is no difference in each group. Twenty two of 53 patients died. ERI was 12 (66.7%) and NERI was 10 (28.6%). Acute renal failure is most important cause of the deaths. Conclusion : Out of 53 pediatric patients who were treated with SCT, 18 patients had greater than 25% of drop in GFR. There is no difference in both groups according to kinds of SCT. GVHD was found in 22 patients and there is no relation between GVHD development and acute kideney injury.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.456-461
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• 2005

This study was carried out to induce plant regeneration via shoot formation from sucker explants of Rubus fruticosus L. To induce adventitious shoots, sucker explants were sterilized in $1.2\%$ NaOCl solution, and cultured on the MS solid medium supplemented with kinetin (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 mg/L) and BA (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 mg/L), respectively. As above, to induce adventitious shoots, sucker explants were cultured on the MS solid medium supplemented with IBA (0, 0.1, 1.0 mg/L) and BA (0, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0 mg/L). After 4 weeks of culture, the highest frquency $(100\%)$ of shoot formation from sucker explants was obtained from the medium with 1.0 mg/L BA. The highest shoot number per explant from in vitro shoot explants was 5.3. After 10 weeks of culture, the number of shoot per explant was increased. The highest frequency $(85\%)$ of root formation was obtained at 0.5 mg/L glycine medium, when the explant with shoot were cultured on the MS medium containing glycine at various concentrations from 0 to 2.0 mg/L. The survival rate of the plantlets after transfer to plastic pots containing sand, soil, and vermiculite (1:1:1, vol.) was $95\%$. The results indicate that micropropagation procedure can be applied for an efficient mass propagation of Rubus fruticosus.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.2
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• pp.172-177
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• 2011

This study was conducted to establish the optimal condition for in vitro propagation of wild Cynanchum wilfordii. The highest in vitro seed germination rate of 91.6% was obtained from the seed treated with gibberellic acid ($GA_{3}$) (100 ppm) for 24 hours followed by cultured on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-benzyl adenine (BA). The best shoot height obtained (5.2 cm) in medium with 1.0 mg/L $GA_{3}$, but the plants was grown abnormally and eventually died. The highest number (2.4) was shown when shoot were in cultured on the media including 0.1 mg/L BA after 4 weeks. Root induction from shoot obtained in vitro culture was effective on ventilation and without plant growth regulators (PGRs) and root length was highly developed (2 cm) at 0.1 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The highest survival rate (70%) was when plantlet grew pre-ventilation of in vitro condition.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.502-507
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• 2022

In the present study, plant regeneration through adventitious shoot formation from hypocotyl segments of in vitro seedlings of groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) was investigated to determine the optimum culture conditions for highly efficient regeneration of the species. Adventitious shoots in hypocotyl segments were efficiently induced on MS media with low concentrations of BAP, specifically, with 0.5-1.0 mg/L BAP singly or in combination with 0.1-0.5 mg/L NAA. The 1.0 mg/L BAP single treatment was most effective for forming multiple adventitious shoots. When the induced shoots were transferred to the root induction media, low concentrations of NAA, IBA, and IAA enhanced the development of adventitious roots from adventitious shoots, suggesting that low concentrations of auxins were optimal for producing regenerated plantlets. The number of roots per shoot was large (> 2.0), and the root length exceeded 8.0 cm. In particular, the development and the overall shape of the roots were ideal. Furthermore, the number and length of shoots exceeded 2 and 6.0 cm, respectively. When the regenerated plantlets were transferred to compost soil, the root and shoot systems had developed well to the point that all of the regenerated plantlets acclimated successfully, resulting in normal morphology and growth characteristics, similar to those of the mother plant. Therefore, plant regeneration via adventitious shoot formation is expected to be one of the main methods for producing groundcherry on a large scale for a stable supply of the raw materials.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.283-288
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• 1982

This experiment was carried out to improve the cultural practices of seedlings and to investigate the proper planting density in aromatic tobacco, Sohang. Two different cultural practices of seedling were employed; Temporary transplanting (TT; Conventional practices) and non temporary transplanting (N.T.). Vinyl pot sizes were $3.5cm{\times}3.5cm, \;4cm{\times}4cm$ and $5cm{\times}5cm$ Plants per hole were 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9. There were little difference among the vinyl pot sizes in all characters except the survival ratio. But it may be little problem on cultural practices by 7 plants per hole in $5cm\times$5cm vinyl pot. There were not significant in price per kg, yield per 10a and value per 10a between two cultural practices of seedlings and among three pot sizes. Mildness and filling power were increased by increasing the plants per hole. Combustibility of 5-9 plants were better than those of 1-3 plants per hole. The growing of 6 seedlings per hole in $5cm\times$5cm vinyl pot by non temporary transplanting resulted the best cultural practices for an aromatic tobacco, Sohyang.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2010

To establish the optimum conditions of in vitro plant regeneration, the leaf, rhizome, and root explants of Belamcanda chinensis were cultured on the MS medium supplemented with different concentration of 2,4-D and BA. The callus induction was more effective in the root explants than the leaf and rhizome explants, and was the best on MS medium containing 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D or 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 3.0 mg/L BA. The highest numbers of shoots were regenerated when callus were cultured on MS medium containing 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D for 4 weeks. However, the multiple shoots were induced on MS medium supplemented with the combination of 2,4-D and BA. The normal root formation from shoot was effective on the MS medium lacking any plant growth regulators. For acclimatization, the regenerated plantlets were cultured on MS medium without sucrose and plant growth regulators for 2 weeks, and then transferred to the pot.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2007

Purpose : Dialysis in children with chronic renal failure presents with many difficulies. The purpose of this study is to find an improved method in chronic dialysis in infants and children less than 2 years of age by analyzing the experience with 10 cases. Methods : A retrospective review of the medical records of 10 patients(6 boys and 4 girls) was conducted. The patients had chronic renal failure and underwent chronic dialysis at Samsung medical center from March 1999 to February 2007. Results : At Initiation of dialysis, the median age was 3 months old(22 days-20 months), the median body weight was 3.75 kg(2.2-10.3 kg), and the median serum creatinine level was 4.3 mg/dL(2.0-11.4 mg/dL). The median duration of dialysis was 29.5 months(3-62 months). Dysplastic kidney disease was the most common underlying renal disease. Two patients were treated with hemodialysis, 4 patients with peritoneal dialysis, and 4 patients eventually switched dialysis modality. Nine of the 10 patients took erythropoietin and anti-hypertensive drugs. At the end of the follow up period, 1 patient received kidney transplantation, 2 patients died due to sepsis, and 5 patients were treated with peritoneal dialysis. Two patients were lost to follow up. The most common complication of dialysis was infection. Achieving vascular access and maintaining proper catheter function were the most important factors in treating patients with hemodialysis. The growth status of patients was aggravated after 6 month of dialysis but improved after 1 year of dialysis. Patients showed better growth on peritoneal dialysis than hemodialysis. Conclusion : Chronic dialysis can be performed successfully in infants and children under 2 years of age. Vascular access was the main limitation of hemodialysis, and infection was the common problem in both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. To improve the patients survival rate and quality of life, major efforts should be directed toward the prevention of infection and preservation of catheter function. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2007;11:41-50)

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.176-188
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• 2009

Purpose : Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the major form of dialysis in use for infants and children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to gain insight into the current status of children on PD in Korea. Methods : In May 2008, questionnaires were sent to the pediatric nephrologists via e-mail. Four centers replied and those data were reviewed. Results : A total of 103 patients were included in this study. Male to female ratio was 1.6:1. Mean age was $11.5{\pm}4.9$ years (0-19 years). Primary renal diseases diagnosed were as follows: primary glomerular disease (34%), chronic pyelonephritis-reflux nephropathy (14.6%), systemic disease (9.7%), renal hypoplasia/dysplasia (8.7%), heredofamilial disease (6.8%), vascular disease (3.9%), drug-induced nephropathy (1.0%), and unknown (12.6%). PD modalities were as follows: CAPD (42.7%), CCPD (27.2%), NIPD (11.7%), and Hybrid (18.4%). Weekly total Kt/V was $2.1{\pm}0.7$ (0.3-4.1). Results of peritoneal equilibrium test were as follows: low 36.8%, low average 31.6%, high average 19.7%, and high 11.8%. Z-score for weight was $-1.00{\pm}1.20$ (-4.54~+2.50). Z-score for height was $-1.55{\pm}1.65$ (-9.42~+1.87). Growth hormone was administered in 24.3% of patients. Anti-hypertensive drugs were administered in 64.0% of patients. Laboratory findings were as follows: hemoglobin $10.5{\pm}1.4$ g/dL, calcium $9.7{\pm}0.7$ mg/dL, phosphorus $5.4{\pm}1.4$ mg/dL, and parathyroid hormone $324.2{\pm}342.8$ pg/mL. Conclusion : Primary glomerular disease was the most common cause of ESRD. CAPD was the most prevalent PD modality. Low and low average peritoneal transport type were common. Growth disturbance were noted in many patients. Some patients had hypertension even with anti- hypertensive drugs. Calcium-phosphorus levels were maintained adequately, but many patients had secondary hyperparathyroidism.