• 재활복지
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.63-88
• /
• 2017

This study evaluated the actual status of special needs of the hearing-impaired person for disaster response. The analysis revealed a significant level of unmet needs in disaster response for hearing-impaired person. The 5 special needs in disaster response include: 1) communication needs, which involve securing the means to make an emergency rescue request and communicating information during the rescue process; 2) transportation needs, which indicate the effective evacuation capacity and the level of training; 3) medical needs, which address the degree of preparedness for physical and mental emergency measures and the delivery of health information for rescue and first aid process; 4) maintaining functional independence needs, which refer to the level of self-preparedness to minimize damage in disaster situations, and; 5) supervision needs, which correspond to a personalized support system provided to disaster-vulnerable groups.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.497-502
• /
• 2019

Metal oxide nanostructures are promising materials for advanced applications, such as high sensitive gas sensors, and high capacitance lithium-ion batteries. In this study, tin oxide (SnO) nanostructures were grown on a Si wafer substrate using a two-zone horizontal furnace system for a various substrate temperatures. The raw material of tin dioxide ($SnO_2$) powder was vaporized at $1070^{\circ}C$ in an alumina crucible. High purity Ar gas, as a carrier gas, was flown with a flow rate of 1000 standard cubic centimeters per minute. The SnO nanostructures were grown on a Si substrate at $350{\sim}450^{\circ}C$ under 545 Pa for 30 minutes. The surface morphology of the as-grown SnO nanostructures on Si substrate was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the phase of the as-grown SnO nanostructures. As the results, the as-grown tin oxide nanostructures exhibited a pure tin monoxide phase. As the substrate temperature was increased from $350^{\circ}C$ to $424^{\circ}C$, the thickness and grain size of the SnO nanostructures were increased. The SnO nanostructures grown at $450^{\circ}C$ exhibited complex polycrystalline structures, whereas the SnO nanostructures grown at $350^{\circ}C$ to $424^{\circ}C$ exhibited simple grain structures parallel to the substrate.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2011

Recently PBD method, one of acceleration of consolidation methods is used in the soft ground to shorten consolidation time for fast settlement during construction. It is economical and easy to work. Discharge capacity of PBD is sensitive in proportion to thickness of soft ground layer, and drainage of PBD declines due to disturbance effect in surrounding ground by mandrel used for vertical drainage setting and setting machines and type. Also, deviation of discharge capacity is large according to ground condition, construction condition and soil properties. In addition, when embankment loading is not conducted instantly after PBD setting due to rain or lack of embankment material supply, it causes leaving period problems. But cause and analysis of those problems for discharge capacity is lack. So, in this test, ground improvement and discharge capacity is investigated by implementing composite discharge capacity test for analysis of an effect factor of PBD discharge capacity with leaving period. After fixing the vertical drain on a cylindrical cylinder, put churned sample into the cylinder. Then leave 0day, 30day, 60day and 90day. And then, load following the loading step of 30, 70 and 120kPa using a pressure device. As a result, the longer leaving period, discharge capacity is reduced. It is caused by a decrease of discharge area caused by creep transformation moisture absorption of PBD filter after long leaving period.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2022.05a
• /
• pp.426-426
• /
• 2022

하천에서 유사량은 침식(Erosion), 유송(Transport), 퇴적(Deposition)의 3단계 과정으로 진행되며 이 과정에서 다양한 유사 문제가 수반되고 있다. 특히, 하상변동의 예측, 하천계획 수립 등 수자원 개발을 위해 유사량 조사는 반드시 필요하다. 따라서 국외에서는 오래전부터 하천 유사이송과정에 대한 이론적인 개념을 정립하고 양질의 유사량 자료를 위해 연구해 오고 있다. 국내에서는 대표적으로 한국수자원조사기술원에서 유사량조사 업무를 수행하고 있으며 국가유사량관측망 중 매년 약 20개소~30개소의 지점을 대상으로 신뢰성 있는 자료를 만들기 위해 지속적으로 연구하고 있다. 유사량 조사의 항목 중 부유사 채취를 위한 측선수는 하천 폭(ISO 기준)에 따라 5개~7개의 측선에서 부유사를 채취하고 있으며, 강우가 활발한 홍수기 전, 후로 단면측량 및 하상토 자료를 통해 총유사량을 산정하고 있다. 본 연구의 분석방법으로는 이신재(2021)가 제안한 방법을 착안하였고, 측선별 부유사농도와 평균부유사농도의 비교분석 통해 상관계수(R²)가 가장 높은 측선을 선택하여 지표부유사량(Index Suspended Sediment) 산정에 활용하였다. 대상지점으로는 연속 유사량 자료 생산이 가능한 낙동강유역의 함안군(계내리) 관측소와 영산강유역의 구례군(구례교) 관측소를 선정하였다. 먼저, 지표 유사량은 평균부유사농도와 측선별 부유사농도를 비교분석하였으며, 함안군(계내리) 관측소는 5번 측선(R²=0.9869), 구례군(구례교) 관측소는 2번 측선(R²=0.9929)을 통해 지표부유사량을 산정하였다. 그 결과 하천특성에 따라 측정된 부유사량과 지표부유사량의 편차율(함안군(계내리) : 최대 33%, 최소 1%, 구례군(구례교) : 최대 25%, 최소 1%)이 다소 상이한 구간이 발생하였지만 이들의 상관계수(R²)는 각각 0.9922, 0.9947로 매우 높게 산정되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 제시한 지표 설정은 실제 업무에서 활용 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 추후 과거년도의 하천특성과 수리특성 분석을 통해 해당지점의 대표적인 측선을 선정해 연속적인 지표 유사량 자료 생산이 가능하다면 향후 자동 유사량 채수장치 설치를 통해 안정된 유사량 자료 제공이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 1991

A docking intraoperative electron beam applicator system, which is easily docking in the collimator for a linear accelerator after setting a sterilized transparent cone on the tumor bearing area in the operation room, has been designed to optimize dose distribution and to improve the efficiency of radiation treatment method with linear accelerator. This applicator system consisted of collimator holder with shielded metals and docking cone with transparent acrylic cylinder, A number of technical innovations have been used in the design of this system, this dooking cone gives a improving latral dose coverage at therapeutic volume. The position of $90\%$ isodose curve under suface of 8 cm diameter cone was extended $4\sim7$ mm at 12 MeV electron and the isodose measurements beneath the cone wall showed hot spots as great as $106\%$ for acrylic cone. The leakage radiation dose to tissues outside the cone wall was reduced as $3\sim5\%$ of output dose. A comprehensive set of dosimetric characteristics of the intraoperative radiation therapy applicator system is presented.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.53 no.5
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 2019

To manufacturing of solid fuel by reuse of the wastes, the drying unit which have 500 kg/hr of drying capacity was developed and experimentally evaluate the performance. The spinach grown in Nam-hae island were used for the experiments and investigated of the heated-air drying characteristics as the inlet amount of raw materials, raw material stirring status, conveying type and drying time. The drying air heated by the energy derived from the steam which is supplied from the incineration plant. The moisture contents of raw materials were measured 85.65%. The inlet flow rate of drying air made a difference as the depth of the raw materials loaded on the drying unit and temperature has showed 108~144℃. The drying speed of the mixed drying more than doubled as that of non mixed drying under the same drying type, inlet amount, drying time and drying air temperature. In each experiment, the drying capacity have showed over 500 kg/hr. A drying efficiency of the ratio of drying consumption energy to input energy was 33.46%, lower than the average of 57.76% for the 157 conventional dryers. Because developed dryer must have a drying time of less than one hour, it is considered that the dry efficiency has been reduced due to the loss of wind volume during drying. If waste heat from incineration plant is used as a direct heat source, the dry air temperature is expected to be at least 160℃, greatly improving the drying capacity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2016

We investigated >$50-{\mu}m$ marine planktonic organisms (mainly zooplankton) using a bongo net in Masan Bay and Jangmok Bay in order to harvest 75% of natural communities based on Phase-II approval regulations by the United States Coast Guard (USCG). The concentrated volume (in 1 ton) and abundance of zooplankton were $1.8{\times}10^7ind.ton^{-1}$ and $2.3{\times}10^7ind.ton^{-1}$, and their survival rates were 82.6% and 80.1%, respectively. The community structure in Jangmok Bay was similar to that in Masan Bay, and dominant species were adult and immature groups (stage IV) of genus Acartia. Harvested populations were inoculated in a 500-ton test tank. Although the population abundances were $6.0{\times}10^4ind.ton^{-1}$ for both bay samples, the mortality rates were higher in the Masan Bay population (32%) than the Jangmok Bay population (20%). We considered the reason to be that there were 30% more immature individuals of Acartia from Masan Bay than from Jangmok Bay. The younger population may have been greatly stressed by the moving process and netting gear. After applying a Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) using a sample form Jangmok Bay, the mortality rates in the treatment groups were found to be 100% after 0 days and 5 days, implying that the BWTS worked well. During the winter season, the zooplankton concentration method alone did not easily satisfy the approval standards of USCG Phase II (> $10{\times}10^4ind.ton^{-1}$ in the 500 ton tank). Increasing the netting frequency and additional fishing boats may be helpful in meeting the USCG Phase II biological criteria.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 2018

Recently, due to various environmental problems, blast tracks in tunnel are replaced with concrete tracks, but they have more adverse effects on noise than blast tracks so that additional noise measures are needed. Among these measures, sound-absorbing blocks start to be used due to its easy and quick installation. However, the performance of sound absorption blocks need to be verified under real environmental and operational conditions. In this paper, interior noise levels in KTX train cruising in Dalseong tunnel are measured before and after the installation of sound-absorbing blocks and the measured data are analyzed and compared. Additionally, noise reduction are estimated by modeling the high speed train, the tunnel and absorption blocks. Measurement devices and methods are used according to ISO 3381 and the equivalent sound pressure levels during the cruising time inside the tunnel are computed. In addition to overall SPLs(Sound Pressure Levels), 1/3-octave-band levels are also analyzed to account for the frequency characteristics of sound absorption and equipment noise in a cabin. In addition, to consider the effects of train cruising speeds and environmental conditions on the measurements, the measured data are corrected by using those measured during the train-passing through the tunnels located before and behind the Dalseong tunnel. Analysis of measured results showed that the maximum noise reduction of 6.8 dB (A) can be achieved for the local region where the sound-absorbing blocks are installed. Finally, through the comparison of predicted 1/3-octave band SPLs for the KTX interior noise with the measurements, the understanding of noise reduction mechanism due to sound-absorbing blocks is enhanced.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.673-680
• /
• 2022

In this study, based on PLA, we analyzed the Hounsfield Unit (HU) of materials containing 20% each of aluminum, wood, copper, carbon, and marble, and tried to analyze how they affect the image. A cylindrical phantom of 5×30×30 ㎣ (thickness×diameter×height) was fabricated using a entry-level 3D printer. The kV was changed to 80, 100 and 120, and the mAs was changed to 100 and 200 mAs, and the phantom in the center of the table was cross-scanned under a total of six conditions. A circular ROI was set using image J program and the quantification value of the material part HU and the quantification value of the peripheral part CNR were obtained. The HU average of the material part increased in the order of [PLA - wood 20%], [PLA - marble 20%], [PLA - carbon 20%], [PLA 100%], [PLA - aluminum 20%], [PLA - copper 20%] (p<0.05) a negative correlation was confirmed with the HU by increasing kV. It was confirmed that the CNR value in the peripheral area increased in the order of [PLA - marble 20%], [PLA - copper 20%], [PLA - carbon 20%], [PLA - wood 20%], [PLA - aluminum 20%], and [PLA - 100%] (p<0.05). Human organs with similar HU values for each material are [PLA - copper 20%] compact bone, [PLA - aluminum 20%] cancellous bone, [PLA 100%] coagulated blood, [PLA - carbon 20%] and [PLA - marble 20%] liver, muscle, spleen and [PLA - wood 20%] had similar values to fat. In addition, we confirmed the blur phenomenon that blurs the image around the filament with all materials, and confirmed that [PLA 100%] especially has the most blur around the filament. Therefore, it is considered desirable to reflect the HU value of the target organ and consider cloudiness around the phantom when selecting materials for medical phantom fabrication, and this research can provide basic data.