• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.75-81
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• 2014

For the safe handling of isobutylalcohol(IBA), this study was investigated the explosion limits of isobutylalcohol in the reference data. And the lower flash points, upper flash points and AITs(auto-ignition temperatures) by ignition delay time were experimented. By using the literatures data, the lower and upper explosion limits of isobutylalcohol recommended 1.7 Vol% and 10.9 Vol.%, respectively. The lower flash point of isobutylalcohol by using Setaflash and Penski-Martens closed-cup testers were experimented $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The lower flash point isobutylalcohol by using Tag and Cleveland open cup testers were experimented $36^{\circ}C$ and $39^{\circ}C$, respectively. Also, this study measured relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659 tester for isobutylalcohol. The experimental AIT of isobutylalcohol was $400^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 1986

The investigation of the effect of solvent structure on the first-order solvolysis of cis-$[Co(en)_2ClNO_2]^+$ion has been extended to water + co-solvent mixtures where the co-solvents are glycerol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol and t-butyl alcohol. Rates of solvolysis have been evaluated by spectrophotometric method at temperature 25∼30$^{\circ}$C. The polarity of solvent has influence on the variation of rate constant. The non-linear plot of the rate constant in log scale versus $\frac{D-1}{2D+1}$ implies that change in solvent structure with composition plays an important role in determining the variation of rate constant. The linearity of the plot of the rate constant in log scale versus the Grundwald-Winstein Y factor confirms that the solvolysis is an Id-type process with considerable extension of the metal chloride bond in the transition state. In the Kivinen equation the slope of the plot of log k versus $log(H_2O)$ suggests that the solvolysis is also an Id-type process. The application of free energy cycle shows that the effect of solvent structure is greater in the transition state than in the initial state.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2020

A new eco-friendly synthetic method for N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), widely used in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries, is developed. Conventional synthesis method yields NHS of about 70% after its reaction with NH₂OH to succinic acid. In this method, NHS can be obtained using low-cost succinic acid, but a great deal of solvents are required as an extraction method to purify NHS, while the work-up process is complicated, resulting in low yield. In addition, there is a safety risk due to the high reaction temperature for commercial production, and it is not economical due to the high cost of production from the generation of much waste because of an acid catalyst and the use of various solvents. In order to make up for this shortcoming, this study used succinic anhydride as a raw material under low temperature reaction and developed a new eco-friendly industrial synthesis method using isobutyl alcohol for a single solvent and non-catalytic reaction. The economic evaluation confirms that there is a cost reduction effect of about 20%. In the future, based on this result, studies may establish a commercial production technology through scale-up research and proceed with foreign technology transfer.