• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.184-190
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• 2013

It is important for genetic resources to collect and identify in native medium-leaf type zoysiagrasses species distributed in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate morphological variation and characteristics of native medium-leaf type zoysiagrasses from coastal, island and inland regions in Korea. Among them, 75 collected lines was confirmed to have various morphological variations, accessions were classified into 2 main based group coastal and inland regions by morphological characteristics and site environment. Group I included Z. sinica type, this group showed 3.7 mm in leaf width, 29 in number of seed per spikelet and 5.0 mm in seed length. Group II included Z. japonica type, this group showed 4.4 mm in leaf width, 42 in number of seed per spikelet and 3.5 mm in seed length. There is a need for additional research on growth characteristics and the molecular level for the introgressive hybridization between species which confirmed that cross-pollination is possible due to protogyny. The individuals showing variations should be preserved as valuable genetic resources for the expansion of variations in zoysiagrasses, and the results of this investigation on the genetic resources collected will be highly valuable in breeding high quality turfgrass.

• Health Policy and Management
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.87-105
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze whether nonemergency, isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery for high- or low-risk patients biases the assessment of the risk-adjusted mortality rates of hospitals. This study used 2002 National Health Insurance claims data for tertiary hospitals in Korea. The study sample consisted of 1,959 patients from 23 tertiary hospitals. The risk-adjustment model used the patients' biological, admission, and comorbidity data identified in the claims. The subjects were classified into high- and low-risk groups based on predicted surgical risk. The crude mortality rates and risk-adjusted mortality rates for low-risk, high-risk, and all patients in a hospital were compared based on the rank and the four intervals defined by quartile. Also, the crude mortality rates of the three groups were compared with their 95% confidence intervals of predicted mortality rates. The C-statistic (0.83) and Hosmer-Lemeshow test ($X^2$=11.47, p=0.18) indicated that the risk-adjustment model performed well. Presenting crude mortality rates with their 95% confidence intervals of predicted rates showed higher agreements among the three groups than using the rank or intervals of mortality rates defined by quartile in the hospital performance assessment. The crude mortality rates for the low-risk patients in 21 of the 23 hospitals were located on the same side of their 95% confidence intervals compared to that for all patients. High-risk patients and all patients differed at only one hospital. In conclusion, the impact of risk selection by hospital on the assessment results was the smallest when comparing the crude inpatient mortality rates of CABG patients with the 95% confidence intervals of predicted mortality rates. Given the increasing importance of quality improvements in Korean health policy, it will be necessary to use the appropriate method of releasing the hospital performance data to the public to minimize any unwanted impact such as risk-based hospital selection.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to analyze vegetation type and stand structure of the red pine (Pinus densiflora) in Kangwon northern region for stable and sustainable management forests. The pine forests in study sites were classified into 3 communities, 5 groups, and 2 subgroups, total 7 vegetation units. Species with constance degree of more than 61% were P. densiflora, Quercus mongolica, Lindera obtusiloba, Spodiopogon sibiricus, Atractylodes japonica, Rhododendron mucronulatum, and Carex humilis. They were showing different characteristics by pattern according to their growing district. In the importance value (I.V.) analysis of each layer, P. densiflora showed highly in tree layer while in other layers Quercus spp. was high. Especially, young P. densiflora tree hardly appeared in the herb layer, but broad-leaved trees and shrub species showed high I.V.. Furthermore, the annual ring growth of P. densiflora was reduced while that of Q. spp. increased. According to analysis of stand structures and annual ring growths, it is considered that appropriate silvicultual practice methods should be employed to remove rival broad-leaved species for maintenance of sustainable red pine forests considering the characteristics of each stand.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2012

This study was performed to determine the effect of topdressing on maintaining the quality and density of zoysiagrass. An increase in the topdressing height from 2 mm to 16 mm (2, 4, 8, and 16 mm) led to an increase in the plant heigh, fresh and dry weight of shoots, roots, and stolons. The number of shoots, stolons and concentrations of chlorophyll and carotenoid also increased with increasing topdressing height. Moreover, total concentrations of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, magnesium, and lime in shoots and roots were enhanced as topdressing height increased. Acidity and the concentrations of organic matters, total nitrogen, and exchangeable cations ($K^+$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$) of topdressed soil was higher than not topdressed soil, while the amount of available phosphoric acid in topdressed soil was lower than not topdressed. The topdressed soil enhanced the growth and density of zoysiagrass, while it was a crucial factor to affect the chemical property of the soil. Optimum topdressing height was thought to be 8 mm since topdressing the soil with topdressing height of 8 mm not only improved the growth of zoysiagrass but also resulted in the highest concentration of nitrogen and organic matters in the soil.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2012

In this study, we evaluated environmental-friendly disease control methods using essential oils, antagonistic bacteria, or cooking oil and egg yolk mixture (COY). Among the five tested plant essential oils, Eucalyptus approximans oil shown the highest effect to control of the downy mildew disease (60% disease control value). Interestingly enough, well known antagonistic bacteria against various fungal pathogens were appeared lower control efficiency than plant essential oils. In field conditions, the cooking oil and yolk mixture (COY) treatments shown significantly decreased the downy mildew incidence with 0.3% (disease conttrol value 84%) and 0.5% concentration (disease control value 91%). Our findings suggest that the COY has a great potential as the eco-friendly downy mildew disease control formulation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• 제108권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2019

This study examines the effect of thinning in terms of changes in the growth characteristics of Chamaecyparis obtusa stands after they were thinned with varying intensity in Gochang, North Jeolla Province, Korea. Thinning was carried out in 2000 on Chamaecyparis obtusa stands (22 years old), and the stands were categorized in terms of the thinning intensity in the experiment: very heavy, heavy, medium, light, and control. The results of monitoring up to 2018 revealed that the diameter at breast height and the growth rate of individual trees after thinning had a positive correlation with the thinning intensity, whereas the stand volume showed a negative correlation. The height to diameter (H/D) ratio decreased by up to 70-80 due to the increased diameter at breast height after thinning and thereby resulted in better quality. The relative yield index right after the first thinning was between 0.75 and 0.95, which suggests the best timing for the first thinning had been missed. This study's findings are expected to serve as a basic reference in establishing the thinning system for Chamaecyparis obtusa forests.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.775-782
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa extracts obtained from 95% methanol and water. Methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and methanol were used to fractionate the 95% methanol extract and each fraction was testified total polyphenol contents, electron donating abilities, the scavenging abilities of superoxide anion radical, as well as hydrogen peroxide. Extraction yields of 95% methanol and water from Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa were 25.40%, 23.12% respectively. Total polyphenol contents were $28,708.0{\pm}1,755.05{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in 95% methanol, revealing the highest among them, $12,726.67{\pm}479.33{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in water extract, $15,854.67{\pm}498.38{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in methanol fraction, $11,810.67{\pm}584.48{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in ethyl acetate fraction, and $5294.67{\pm}190.36{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in methylene chloride fraction. Total polyphenol contents revealed significant differences (p<0.05) between the solvents. In the experiment of the electron donating ability, water extract revealed $84.33{\pm}0.1%$ scavenging ability, the highest. Other extracts and fractions were $81.8{\pm}1.11%$ for water, $79.73{\pm}1.32%$ for ethyl acetate fraction, $75.73{\pm}2.17%$ for methylene chloride fraction, and $42.1{\pm}5.01%$ for methanol fraction, the lowest electron donating ability. Electron donating abilities revealed significant difference (p<0.05) between the solvents. In the experiment of superoxide anion radical scavenging ability, ethyl acetate fraction($0.0026{\pm}0.0002$) had the highest scavenging ability, and the others revealed slight increase rather than decrease in scavenging ability. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability revealed the highest in methanol fraction ($-0.00206{\pm}0.00165$) and the others were as follow; water extract ($0.00157{\pm}0.00249$), 95.0% methanol extract ($0.005{\pm}0.0036$), methylene chloride fraction ($0.0039{\pm}0.00364$), and ethyl acetate fraction ($0.0002{\pm}0.00059$).

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2021

Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs) are known to include various biological activities and possess high biocompatibility. Because PELNs can influence immune responses, cell differentiation, and proliferation regulation, they can be applied in multiple industries. However, the studies on the skin physiological of exosome-like nanovesicles derived from plant callus are insignificant compared to nanovesicles derived from mammalian cells. In this study, callus was induced from apple fruit (Malus domestica), and exosome-like nanovesicles (ACELNs) were isolated for improving skin barrier and anti-aging. The yield of ACELNs was 6.42 × 10⁹ particles/mL, and the particle size was ranged from 100 to 200 nm. HDF cells and HaCaT cells were concentration-dependent, increased in cell, and decreased in cytotoxicity. The cornified envelope formation was significantly increased compared to the control group. The COL1A1 expression and the FBN1 expression in HDF cells were increased. In addition, the ACELNs promoted collagen biosynthesis in UVA-irradiated HDF cells. These results might be considered as potential materials that could improve skin barrier and prevent skin aging.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2020

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends of hospitalization and emergency room visits of asthma patients over the three years in 25 districts of Seoul. And analyzed the relationship between preventable hospital service uses and number of clinics for asthma patients. Methods: Data was collected from a customized database of the NHI(National Health Insurance) for 2016 to 2018. The number of clinics means Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Ear-Nose-Throat, and Family Medicine clinics. The hospital service means the number of adults admission for asthma and the number of total asthma emergency visits. This study used kappa analysis to assess the agreements of indicators between years, and structural equation modeling analysis was applied to analyze the relationship. Findings: The kappa value of the number of adults admission for asthma was compared between 2016 and 2017(kappa score=0.68), and was lowered when compared between 2016 and 2018(kappa score=0.26). And the value of kappa in the number of total asthma emergency visits due to asthma between 2016 and 2017(kappa score=0.51) was lower than that of between 2016 and 2018(kappa score=0.60). And the results showed that the number of clinics significantly negatively related to the uses of hospital services in asthmatic patients(β=-0.5, p=0.005). Practical Implication: This research could provide policy implications for strengthening primary care services that can contribute to the reduction of preventable hospital services.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.725-735
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• 2022

This study analyzed how the literary works embodying nurses accommodate various discourses about nurses and reproduce them in literature. The subject of analysis is a Korean modern novel featuring a nurse, and 29 works were selected from 1927 to 2016. The analysis method is the content analysis of the novel among the qualitative research methods. The unit of analysis adopts a narrative or dialogue that deals with the image of a nurse in a novel as a unit of analysis, The image determining factors of previous studies were integrated and categorized into 4 types and considered. As a result of analyzing the image of a nurse in the novel, First, traditional image types include Lee Kwang-soo 『Love』, Kim Eui-jung 『Doctor Han』, Jo Jung-rae 『Han River』, Gong Ji-young's 「Field of Stars」, Baek Min-seok 「Poor Little Hans」 Second, social image types include Kang Kyung-ae 「Dark」, Kim Kyung-wook 「Heaven's Gate」, Choi Jeong-hee 「Cheonmaek」 Third, professional image types include Lee Cheong-jun 「Mr. Jo Man-deuk」, 「Discharge」, Choi In-hoon 『The Square』, Kim Yeon-soo 「The Night in the Tunnel Where I Listened to Jusaeng Tudipini」, Jeong Se-lang 『Public health teacher Ahn Eun-young』and Fourth, personal image types include Choi In-ho 「Apprentice Patient」, Kim Jeong-han 「The Third Ward」, Eun Hee-kyung 『Minor League』, Hoon Kim 「Hwajang」, Ha Seong-ran 「The Joy of Eating」, Kim Ji-yeon 「Hippocrates Love Song」, Park Kyung-ri 「Era of Distrust」, Jeong Mi-kyung 「The Lady of Arsenal」 typed as. Through the image of the nurse in the novel, the implications of the novel for human care were discussed.