• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.121-131
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• 2004

The K-shortest path algorithms are largely classified into two groups: oneis for finding loopless path (simple path), another loop paths. In terms of cimputational complexities, in general the loop-paths-finding ones are considered more efficient and easier to be handled than the loopless-paths-finding. The entire path deletion methods have been known as the best efficient algorithms among the proposed K-shortest path algorithms. These algorithms exploit the K-th network transformation to prevent the same path, which was already selected as the (K-1)th path, from being redetected. Nevertheless, these algorithms have a critical limitationto be applied in the practical traffic networks because the loops, in which the same modes and links can be unlimitedly repeated, are not preventable. This research develops a way to be able to selectively control loop-paths by applying link-label. This research takes an advantage of the link-based shortest path algorithms that since the algorithms can take care of two links simultaneouslyin the searching process, the generation of loops can be controlled in the concatenation process of the searched link and the preceded link. In concatenation of two links, since the precede link can be treated a sub-shortest to this link from the origination, whether both the node and the link of the searched link were already existed or not can be evaluated. Terefore, both the node-loopless path, in which the same node is not appeared, and the link-loopless, in which the same link is not appeared, can be separately controlled. Especially, the concept of the link-loopless path is expended to take into consideration reasonable route choice behaviors such as U-Turn, P-Turn, and Turn-Penalty, which are frequently witnessed in urban traffic network with intersections. The applicability of the proposed method is verified through case studies.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.130
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• pp.1-22
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• 2014

Li Zehou(李澤厚) regards Chuang-tzu's fatalism as a kind of pessimism and slavish conformism. The main issue of this paper is to opposes Li Zehou(李澤厚)'s view, and reveal that Chuang-tzu's fatalism is not the negative and slavish conformism but the true positivism of the fate. These Chuang-tzu's fatalism can be conceptualized as a 安之若命. When the human was faced with unavoidable fate, Chuang-tzu's 安之若命 is not pessimistically surrender itself to the fate such as a slave, but pleasantly accepts and affirms the fate. Now, the next three process proves that Chuang-tzu's 安之若命 affirms the fate.The attitude of 安之若命, First, takes the unavoidable(不得已) fate as it is. Second, it resolves a humane 'sadness and joy(哀樂)' through 'the forgetting(忘).' Third, it understands the life and death, the change of world, the human body as the stream of energy(氣). Fourth, in conclusion, it affirms the fate by these processes. These point of view can conceptualize as Chuang-tzu's Amor Fati. That is to say, Chuang-tzu' 安之若命 is not a pessimistic but a positive view of the fate.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.175-181
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• 2022

The condition of infrastructure deteriorates as the service life increases. Since most infrastructure in South Korea were intensively built during the period of economic growth, the proportion of outdated infrastructure is rapidly increasing now. Aging of such infrastructure can lead to safety accidents and even human casualties. To prevent these issues in advance, periodic and accurate inspection is essential. For this reason, the need for research to detect various types of damage using computer vision and deep learning is increasingly required in the field of remotely controlled or autonomous inspection. To this end, this study proposed a neural network structure that can detect concrete damage by classifying it into three types. In particular, the proposed neural network can detect them more accurately through a hierarchical learning technique. This neural network was trained with 2,026 damage images and tested with 508 damage images. As a result, we completed an algorithm with average mean intersection over union of 67.04% and F1 score of 52.65%. It is expected that the proposed damage detection algorithm could apply to accurate facility condition diagnosis in the near future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.691-707
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• 2020

This study used big data analysis as informatics that identified keywords related to new-tro fashion; in addition, it conducted differences and types of classification according to demographic characteristics. First, it has been shown that two different generations, the Millennials and the older generation, coexist as important keywords in the context of new-tro fashion. Second, according to age, it has been shown that the keywords that appear in new-tro fashion are taken differently. In most regional keywords that differed in the classification, respondents in their 20s, 30s and 40s were classified as emotional, while those in their 50s or older perceived as factual phenomena. The results of eliciting keywords in new-tro fashion through big data analysis, keywords that reflect phenomena, design details and considerations, fashion styles, fashion brands, fashion items, social media, influence, and emotional adjectives. This study confirmed the meaning of new-tro fashion based on past that can give enjoyment to the new generation and memories to the older generation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.166-171
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• 2008

본 연구는 기존에 잘 알려지고 널리 사용되고 있는 어휘 의미망이나 시소러스를 활용하기 어려운 과학 기술 분야, 특히 IT 분야에서 대용량 용어간 관계를 빠른 시간 내에 구축하여 검색 브라우징, 내비게이션 용도로 활용하는 것을 목표로 한다. 시소러스 구축 절차를 따르는 경우에 분야 전문가에 의한 정교한 작업과 고비용을 필요로 하여 충분한 구축 크기를 확보하는 것에 현실적인 어려움이 있다. 시소러스 자동 구축 방법론을 사용하는 경우에도 해당 용어들이 출현하는 방대한 말뭉치를 확보해야 하며 관계 구축 결과에 대한 직관적 이해가 쉽지 않다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구는 해외 학술 논문 말뭉치와 메타데이터에서 획득한 37만 여 주제어들을 이용하여 상 하위 관계, 관련어, 형제 관계를 추출하기 위해 조어적 기준에 근거한 규칙들을 이용한다. 이들 규칙을 이용하여 추출한 관계 수는 상 하위 관계 60여 만 개, 관련어 640여 만 개, 형제 관계 2,000여 만 개 등이다. 또한, 추출 결과 중 일부를 수작업으로 분석하여 단순한 추출 규칙에서 발생하는 오류 유형을 찾아내고 향후 과제에서 해결할 수 있는 방안에 대해 논하자고 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.102-104
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• 2017

최근 Convolutional neural network (CNN)을 도입하여, SAR 영상의 목표물 인식 알고리즘이 높은 성능을 보여주었다. SAR 영상은 4 종류의 polarization 정보로 구성되어있다. 기계와 신호처리의 비용으로 인하여 일부 데이터는 적은 수의 polarization 정보를 가지고 있다. 따라서 우리는 SAR 영상 data 를 멀티모달 데이터로 해석하였다. 그리고 우리는 이러한 멀티모달 데이터에 잘 작동할 수 있는 콘볼루션 신경망을 제안하였다. 우리는 데이터가 포함하는 모달의 수에 반비례 하도록 scale factor 구성하고 이를 입력 크기조절에 사용하였다. 입력의 크기를 조절하여, 네트워크는 특징맵의 크기를 모달의 수와 상관없이 일정하게 유지할 수 있었다. 또한 제안하는 입력 크기조절 방법은 네트워크의 dead filter 의 수를 감소 시켰고, 이는 네트워크가 자신의 capacity 를 잘 활용한다는 것을 의미한다. 또 제안된 네트워크는 특징맵을 구성할 때 다양한 모달을 활용하였고, 이는 네트워크가 모달간의 상관관계를 학습했다는 것을 의미한다. 그 결과, 제안된 네트워크의 성능은 입력 크기조절이 없는 일반적인 네트워크보다 높은 성능을 보여주었다. 또한 우리는 전이학습의 개념을 이용하여 네트워크를 모달의 수가 많은 데이터부터 차례대로 학습시켰다. 전이학습을 통하여 네트워크가 학습되었을 때, 제안된 네트워크는 특정 모달의 조합 경우만을 위해 학습된 네트워크보다 높은 성능을 보여준다.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.141-160
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• 2011

This study suggested knowledge base and search engine for the libraries that have the largescaled data. For this purpose, 3 components of knowledge bases(triple ontology, concept-based knowledge base, inverted file) were constructed and 3 search engines(search engine JENA for rule-based reasoning, Concept-based search engine, keyword-based Lucene retrieval engine) were implemented to measure their performance. As a result, concept-based retrieval engine showed the best performance, followed by ontology-based Jena retrieval engine, and then by a normal keyword search engine.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-39
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• 2008

The present study was conducted to provide Korean word association lists for adults and children which are needed in research area of false memory. Associated words, asso[iation strength, and the proportion of cue set size to the total number of associated words produced through the discrete association technique were compared between the two groups. The data showed that associated words with high strength wert same or similar but associated words with lower strength were various in the two groups. The result that adults produced larger proportion of cue set size than children suggests that adults have more typical and more convergent semantic network than children. The present data will be served as a database useful for the studies to investigate cognitive functions in memory and other related area.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.459-475
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• 2012

Epistemology in which only subject and object of cognition exist can't play a role well in the society. In this paper we analyze structuralism which discusses linguistic and social conditions that make subject of cognition possible and semiologic epistemology's philosophical base with three keywords: subject, structure and discourse. Signification by the signs' relation not object of cognition and construct of subject make meaning of sign in network of signs. The construct exists before subject and subject can exist in the structural order. In understanding and analyzing learning of mathematics, this point of view makes you consider the other problems besides construction by subject.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10b
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• pp.244-249
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• 2006

모바일 기기에서 수집된 데이터를 바탕으로 사용자의 기억을 되살리거나 사용자 맞춤형 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 사용자가 하루 동안 수행한 수많은 행동이나 겪은 사건들을 기록할 필요가 있다. 그러나 사용자의 하루 동안 발생한 모든 일을 보여주기 보다는 사용자에게 있어서 중요한 일만 보여주는 것이 사용자의 행동을 분석하고 사용자에게 맞는 서비스를 제공하는 데 더 도움이 될 것이다. 이전의 연구에서는 키그래프를 이용하여 사용자의 하루를 요약하려고 시도하였으나 사용자로부터 얻은 데이터에 직접 키그래프를 적용한 결과로 얻은 데이터는 사람이 직관적으로 그 중요성을 이해하기 힘들었다. 이를 해결하기 위해 보다 상위 수준의 정보에 키그래프를 적용하였다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 폰에서 수집된 GPS 위치 정보를 장소정보로 변경하여 컨셉넷에 입력하고 관련된 개념을 추출한다. 컨셉넷(ConceptNet)은 수많은 어휘들의 연관관계를 의미망 형태로 표현한 것으로 사람이 일상생활에서 이용하는 상식을 포함하고 있다. 컨셉넷에서 추출된 개념들로 문서를 생성하고 생성된 문서에 키그래프 알고리즘을 적용하여 사용자가 수행한 행동에 관련된 개념 중 핵심적인 개념을 추출한다. 이렇게 추출된 개념들은 사용자가 하루 동안 수행한 행동이나 경험을 요약할 수 있는 정보가 된다. 3명의 사용자로부터 수집한 데이터로 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가해 본 결과, 직관적으로 중요한 경험에 관계된 개념을 얻을 수 있었다.