• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.267-267
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• 2022

댐 운영에 있어서 필요한 수문자료는 강수량, 수위, 유량, 저수량 자료 등이 있다. 이중 저수량은 주로 댐수위-저수용량 곡선식을 이용하여 계산한다. 댐수위-저수용량 곡선식은 댐 부근에서 계측 되는 한 개의 수위자료를 이용하여 저수용량을 산정하며, 이는 큰 저수지 면적과 저수지 수면이 일정하지 않다는 것을 고려할 때 큰 오차가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 음향 도플러 유속계 ADCP(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) 이용하여 보성강댐 저수지 수면경사를 실측하고, 동시에 실시간 이동측위시스템인 RTK-GPS(Real Time Kinematic)를 이용하여 이를 검증하였다. ADCP는 유수의 흐름을 방해하지 않으면서 수중에 발사된 음파의 도플러 효과를 이용하여 유속, 유량 및 측량이 가능한 장비이며, RTK-GPS의 경우 정밀한 위치정보를 가지고 있는 기준국의 위상에 대한 보정치를 실시간으로 이용하여 오차가 ±0.03m 이하인 것으로 알려졌다. 보성강댐의 하류에서 ADCP와 RTK-GPS를 장착한 보트를 저수지 종방향으로 처음부터 끝까지 이동하여 약 7.5km 종단측량을 실시하였고 저수지 지형적 특성을 고려하여 약 700m마다 횡단측량을 실시하여 종방향뿐만 아니라 횡방향 수면차도 조사하였다. 그 결과 보성강댐의 상류로 갈수록 수면경사가 전체적으로 상승하는 경향을 보였지만 일부구간에서 수위가 하강하는 경우도 발생하였다. 이는 미약하지만 저수지 내에 흐름이 발생하고 이 흐름에 따른 통제가 변화되는 것과 중간에 유입되는 지류의 영향 등으로 구간별로 수면경사 차이가 발생하는 것으로 추정된다. 횡방향 수면차는 지류가 유입되는 일부구간에서 다소 차이를 보였지만 큰 영향을 없는 것으로 판단된다. 보성강댐 저수지 수면을 종방향 및 횡방향으로 실측한 결과 구간별로 차이를 보였으며 최대 EL. 126.60m, 최소 EL. 126.33m 나타났다. 댐 상류 부근의 수면높이 EL. 126.50m와 비교하면 +0.10m, -0.17m 차이를 보였으며 이는 저수량 산정에 큰 오차를 발생시킨다. 효과적인 댐 운영을 위해서는 유입량 및 유출량을 정확하게 산정하는 것도 필요하지만 저수량을 정확하게 파악하는 것 역시 필요하다. 저수량을 정확하게 산정하려면 수킬로미터가 넘는 저수지 크기를 고려하여 수면경사를 실시간으로 계측하는 등의 노력이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.367-377
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• 2015

ADCPs have been highlighted so far for measuring steramflow discharge in terms of their high-order of accuracy, relatively low cost and less field operators driven by their easy in-situ operation. While ADCPs become increasingly dominant in hydrometric area, their actual measurement accuracy for velocity and bathymetry measurement has not been sufficiently validated due to the lack of reliable bench-mark data, and subsequently there are still many uncertain aspects for using ADCPs in the field. This research aimed at analyzing inter-comparison results between ADCP measurements with respect to the detailed ADV measurement in a specified field environment. Overall, 184 ADV points were collected for densely designed grids for the given cross-section that has 6 m of width, 1 m of depth, and 0.7 m/s of averaged mean flow velocity. Concurrently, ADCP fixed-points measurements were conducted for each 0.2m and 0.02m of horizontal and vertical spacing respectively. The inter-comparison results indicated that ADCP matched ADV velocity very accurately for 0.4~0.8 of relative depth (y/h), but noticeable deviation occurred between them in near surface and bottom region. For evaluating the capacity of measuring bathymetry of ADCPs, bottom tracking bathymetry based on oblique beams showed better performance than vertical beam approach, and similar results were shown for fixed and moving-boat method as well. Error analysis for velocity and bathymetry measurements of ADCP can be potentially able to be utilized for the more detailed uncertainty analysis of the ADCP discharge measurement.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.521-535
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• 2017

Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) have been widely utilized for assessing streamflow discharge, yet few comprehensive studies were conducted to evaluate discharge uncertainty in consideration of individual uncertainty components. It could be mostly because it was not easy to determine which uncertainty framework can be appropriate to rigorously analyze streamflow discharge driven by ADCPs. In this regard, considerable efforts have been made by scientific and engineering societies to develop a standardized theoretical framework for uncertainty analysis in hydrometry. One of the well-established UA methodology based on sound statistical and engineering concepts is Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty Measurement (GUM) adopted widely by various scientific and research communities. This research fundamentally adapted the GUM framework to assess individual uncertainty components of ADCP discharge measurements, and subsequently provided results of a customized experiment in a controllable real-scale artificial river channel. We focused particularly upon sensitivities of uncertainty components in the GUM framework driven by ADCPs direct measurements such as depths, edge distance, submerged depth, velocity gap, sampling time, repeatability, bed roughness and so on. Section-by-Section method for ADCP discharge measurement was applied for uncertainty analysis for this study. All of measurements were carefully compared with data using other instrumentations such as ADV to evaluate individual uncertainty components.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 2021

In this study, a large-scale levee breach experiment from lateral overflow was conducted to verify the effect of the new reinforcement method applied to the levee's surface. The new method could prevent levee failure and minimize damage caused by overflow in rivers. The levee was designed at the height of 2.5 m, a length of 12 m, and a slope of 1:2. A new material mixed with biopolymer powder, water, weathered granite, and loess in an appropriate ratio was sprayed on the levee body's surface at a thickness of about 5 cm, and vegetation recruitment was also monitored. At the Andong River Experiment Center, a flow (4 ㎥/s) was introduced from the upstream of the A3 channel to induce the lateral overflow. The change of lateral overflow was measured using an acoustic doppler current profiler in the upstream and downstream. Additionally, cameras and drones were used to analyze the process of the levee breach. Also, a new method using 3D point cloud for calculating the surface loss rate of the levee over time was suggested to evaluate the performance of the levee reinforcement method. It was compared to existing method based on image analysis and the result was reasonable. The proposed 3D point cloud methodology could be a solution for evaluating the performance of levee reinforcement methods.