• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.215-218
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 MPEG-7에 정의된 오디오 서술자를 이용한 오디오 특징을 기반으로 한 음악 검색 알고리즘을 제안한다. 특히 timbral 특징들은 음색 구분을 용이하게 할 수 있어 음악 검색뿐만 아니라 음악 장르 분류 또는 Query by humming에 이용 될 수 있다. 이러한 연구를 통하여 오디오 신호의 대표적인 특성을 표현 할 수 있는 특징벡터를 구성 할 수 있다면 추후에 멀티모달 시스템을 이용한 검색 알고리즘에도 오디오 특징으로 이용 될 수 있을 것이다 본 논문에서는 방송 시스템에 적용 할 수 있도록 검색 범위를 특정 컨텐츠의 O.S.T 앨범으로 제한하였다. 즉, 사용자가 임의로 선택한 부분적인 오디오 클립만을 이용하여 그 컨텐츠 전체의 O.S.T 앨범 내에서 음악을 검색할 수 있도록 하였다. 오디오 특징벡터를 구성하기 위한 MPEG-7 오디오 서술자의 조합 방법을 제안하고 distance 또는 ratio 계산 방식을 통해 성능 향상을 추구하였다. 또한 reference 음악의 템플릿 구성 방식의 변화를 통해 성능 향상을 추구하였다. Classifier로 k-NN 방식을 사용하여 성능 평가를 수행한 결과 timbral spectral feature들의 비율을 이용한 IFCR(Intra-Feature Component Ratio) 방식이 Euclidean distance 방식보다 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.692-700
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• 2008

In some previous works on musical genre classification, human experts specify segments of a song for extracting musical features. Although this approach might contribute to performance enhancement, it requires manual intervention and thus can not be easily applied to new incoming songs. To extract musical features without the manual intervention, most of recent researches on music genre classification extract features from a pre-determined part of a song (for example, 30 seconds after initial 30 seconds), which may cause loss of accuracy. In this paper, in order to alleviate the accuracy problem, we propose a new method, which extracts features from representative segments (or main theme part) identified by structure analysis of music piece. The proposed method detects segments with repeated melody in a song and selects representative ones among them by considering their positions and energies. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improve the accuracy compared to the approach using a pre-determined part.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.93-94
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• 2014

본 논문은 음악과 감성에 대한 논문이며 다양한 인간의 감성 중 어두운 감성에 대한 연구이다. 이에 따른 가사에 대한 감성표현과 음악적 요소를 활용한 감성표현의 효과적인 방법에 대해 연구하였으며, 어두운 감성을 표현하기 위하여 다양한 요소들이 발견되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.280-282
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• 1999

현존하는 클래식 음악에는 음악적, 심리적 작곡약속이 있다. 작곡약속을 악식(樂式) 혹은 음악형식(音樂形式)이라고 한다. 즉, 모든 악곡은 일정한 형식에 의하여 작곡된다. 이러한 이유로 악곡에서는 어떤 특징적인 note관계가 규칙적으로 반복해서 나타난다. 이러한 특성은 note간의 관계가 어떻게 변화하는가에 따라서, 악곡 전체에서 segment의 시작과 끝으로 인식되어진다. 본 논문에서는 악곡의 분석을 위해 실제 악보를 컴퓨터 데이터 형식으로 표현하기 위한 SFCM(Score Format for Computer Music)을 정의하여, 악곡의 note를 분석해서 각 소절(measure)별로 대표음 집합을 추출할 수 있도록 하였다. 각 소절의 대표음 집합을 이용해서, note의 변화에 따른 schematic을 생성한다 schematic 생성과 분석을 위해 note-schema의 규칙과 형식을 정의해 놓은 CNSDB(Changing-Note Schema DataBase)를 제안한다. 이러한 데이터 베이스를 이용하여 특징적인 규칙을 찾아내고, 적용해 악곡에서 segment를 나눌수 있다. 본 논문에서는 1700년대의 클래식 음악에서 특히 잘 나타나는 규칙을 적용해서 분석하였다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2009

So far, many researches have been done to retrieve music information using static classification descriptors such as genre and mood. Since static classification descriptors are based on diverse content-based musical features, they are effective in retrieving similar music in terms of such features. However, human emotion or mood transition triggered by music enables more effective and sophisticated query in music retrieval. So far, few works have been done to evaluate the effect of human mood transition by music. Using formal representation of such mood transitions, we can provide personalized service more effectively in the new applications such as music recommendation. In this paper, we first propose our Emotion State Transition Model (ESTM) for describing human mood transition by music and then describe a music classification and recommendation scheme based on the ESTM. In the experiment, diverse content-based features were extracted from music clips, dimensionally reduced by NMF (Non-negative Matrix Factorization, and classified by SVM (Support Vector Machine). In the performance analysis, we achieved average accuracy 67.54% and maximum accuracy 87.78%.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze music of Yoon-sang, as a part of musical research, which is the most fundamental approach among academic studies on Korean popular music. Yoon-Sang is a representative composer, who has gone through the 1980s to the present. The result of analysis of 21 songs created by Yoon-Sang showed that his songs are mostly characterized by tonal music, in which chord relationships develop focusing on keynotes. The reason why his music does not sound uniform pursuing stability is he properly added the progression of chromatic chords, based on diatonic chords and melodies. Dominant 7th chord and diminished 7th chord are used the most among diverse techniques adding chromatic colors. Along with these chords, chromatic intervals are used not only in chord progression but also in melodies. The successive, ascending or descending movement of the base line is his common composition and arrangement technique revealed in every song. One of formal changes with the stream of the times is that the number of measured in the pre-chorus and interlude that were of great importance in his songs of the 1990s decreased over time. With regard to harmonic changes, whereas modulation between parts was applied to his 2 songs created in the 2010s. Yoon-Sang's music had one strong tonality overall, but his music began to have more than two tonalities starting the 2010s, and this is a big variation in his music.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.109-118
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a music retrieval system that compares the geometric structure of a melody specified by a user with those in a music database. The system finds matches between a query melody and melodies in the database by analyzing both structural and contextual features. The retrieval method is based on the geometric hashing algorithm which consists of two steps; the preprocessing step and the recognition step. During the preprocessing step, we divide a melody into several fragments and analyze the pitch and duration of each note of the fragments to find a structural feature. To find a contextual feature, we find a main chord for each fragment. During the recognition step, we divide the query melody specified by a user into several fragments and search through all fragments in the database that are structurally and contextually similar to the melody. A vote is cast for each of the fragments and the music whose total votes are the maximum is the music that contains a matching melody against the query melody. Using our approach, we can find similar melodies in a music database quickly. We can also apply the method to detect plagiarism in music.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.97-132
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• 2019

This article observed the development and characteristics of Western music competitions that were held in Korea during the years of 1932 to 1942. Observations of Western music competitions from the years 1932 to 1942, categorized into the years of 1932 to 1933, 1934, 1935 to 1936, and 1937 to 1942 were made and changes in the number of times held, participants, and objectives were looked into. Some Western music competitions displayed characteristics such as the introduction of test pieces, expanded participant categories, flexible application of award rules, and increased winner activities. This article revealed other aspects of Western music competitions held in Korea during the Japanese Colonial Era and it is hoped that it will spark new discussions on Western music competitions during that time.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.698-700
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• 2011

재즈 기타리스트이자 작곡가인 팻 메스니는 재즈분야에 있어 상업적 및 음악적으로 성공을 거둔 죄고의 뮤지션 중에 한 사람이다. 본 논문은 그의 음악과 임프로비제이션를 분석함으로써 그의 음악적 아이디어와 특징을 알아보고 어떻게 표현되었는지에 대한 연구이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.239-243
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• 2005

랩 음악은 음악의 특성과 발화 언어의 특성을 가지고 있으며 음악적 특징을 가진 시와도 공통점을 가진다. 이러한 유사성을 근거로 Eminem이라는 랩 가수의 freestyle음악을 음성분석 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 대상 음악이 즉석적인 발화였음에도 불구하고 각운 부분에서의 피치(pitch)와 리듬은 매우 유사한 값을 보였다. 분석 결과에서 보여준 약간의 차이 값은 인간의 지각 능력과 성향을 고려하여 봤을 때 같은 피치(pitch) 같은 리듬으로 지각하기에 충분하다고 결론 내렸다.