• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2018

Purpose: To report a case of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related ophthalmic disease associated with adult xanthogranulomatous disease. Case summary: A 38-year-old male with a history of cholecystectomy visited our clinic for bilateral periorbital swelling. Histopathology of the orbital biopsy showed diffuse infiltration of foamy histiocytes with Touton giant cells and lymphoid follicles, with a diagnosis of adult-onset xanthogranuloma. After excisional biopsy, he was treated with azathioprine and prednisolone. Four years after treatment, he again visited the clinic due to bilateral, yellowish eyelid masses. Serological examinations were all nonspecific findings, except for elevation of IgG and IgG4 levels. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral symmetric soft tissue enlargement with slightly heterogeneous T1/T2 isosignal intensity, with contrast enhancement at the superolateral aspect of extraconal spaces. Excisional biopsy and blepharoplasty were performed. Immunohistochemical sections showed that the IgG4+/IgG plasma cell ratio was 10-20% and the IgG4 plasma cell count was 22/high power field (HPF). His past sections of 2013 from the pathology department were again stained and showed that the IgG4+/IgG plasma cell ratio was 40-50% and the IgG4 plasma cell count was 59/HPF. Thus, he was definitely diagnosed with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Conclusions: If there is recurrent eyelid swelling, IgG4-related ophthalmic disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis. And the patient with adult xanthogranulomatous disease can be diagnosed with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the addition of cordyceps ochraceostromat, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and silkworm cocoon on the quality and storage characteristics of pork sausage manufactured by MDCM (mechanically deboned chicken meat) recovered protein. The samples were divided into 5 groups (sausage made from pork ham; control, 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham; T1, 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham with 0.1% cordyceps ochraceostromat; T2, 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham with 0.1% CLA; T3, and 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham with 0.1% silkworm cocoon; T4). The control sample had a higher moisture and protein contents and lower fat content than the other samples during 4 weeks of storage at $4^{\circ}C$ The treatment samples had lower lightness and higher redness values than the control (p<0.05). Hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were significantly lower in the treatment samples than the control (p<0.05). All sausage samples showed a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), volatile basic nitrogen, and total plate counts during the storage time (p<0.05). In addition, the MDCM treatment samples had higher TBARS values than the control, but the VBN value of the treatment samples was lower than the control after the 4 weeks storage period.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 1989

An experimental pathological study was performed to observe the effect of prasiquantel treat- ment on the pulmonary lesions of the rat lung cuke, Paragonimus ilektsuenensis. The metacercariae were obtained from the freshwater crab, Sesarma dehaani, and 40 rats (wistar) were fed each with 10 metacercariae. On 20 rats prasiquantel treatment ($100mg/kg/day{\times}5$ days) was done at 5 weeks after the infection while remaining 20 rats were kept untreated for use as controls. The drug.treated rats and the untreated ones were sacrificed 3, 7, 14, 21 or 28 days later for the observation of lung pathology. The rats infected with P. iloktsuenensis showed remarkable pulmonary changes; gross features of hemorrhagic and nodular worm capsules protruded on to the surface of the lung, and histologically local atelectasis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and egg granuloma around the worm capsules each containing one or two worms. Praziquantel treatment of the rats was shorn to be highly effective in killing the worms and to lead them to degenerate, as early as in 3 days post-treatment. Almost all worms in the lung were dead and absorbed by the host cells in 21 days post-treatment, except a few living ones seen in a rat of 14-day post-treatment group. In most of the rats treated the pulmonary lesions showed the signs of resolution; regression of worm capsules with mummification of worms, decrease of inflammatory cell infiltration, improvement in the degree of atelectasis, and decreases in the frequency and size of the egg granuloma. From the results it is concluded that prasiquantel is highly effective for the treatment of rat P. iloktsuenensis infection in the lung, not only by its direct killing effect of the worms but also due to the excellent resolution capacity of the pulmonary tissues.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.176-180
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• 1981

Chicken patties and frankfurters were manufactured by varying the relative proportion of MDM to HDM as raw materials, and their palatability, shelf-life and textural properties were evaluated. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Chicken patty containing MDM slowed gradual increase in TBA value during frozen storage, but its storage up to g weeks presented no problems in flavor stability. 2. Color score and total palatability of chicken patty were best for the product containing 30% MDM. It was also concluded that MDM can be included in the patties up to 50% of total meat with good results, but more than 70% was not recommended. 3. The formulation of MDM up to 50% in frankfurter gave a quite satisfactory acceptability and textural properties compararable to frankfurter made of 100% HDM, but the inclusion of more than 70% MDM was not recommended. 4. The TBA value of frankfurter containg MDM did not increase to any great extent until 4 weeks of storage at $4^{\circ}C$, indicating no unique problems in flavor instability compared to regular frankfurter. 5. It was concluded that processed meat products such as patties and frankfurters containing MDM up to $30{\sim}35%$ of total meat ingredients gave satisfactory results in color, texture and palatability, comparable to regular products.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.848-858
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the $F_0$-values of a retort machine at different locations and to evaluate the effects of these $F_0$-values on various quality characteristics of retorted Samgyetang samples. Samples were divided into three groups based on $F_0$-values-T1, 10~20; T2, 20~30; T3, >30. Mineral content in Samgyetang broth and breast meat mostly increased with increasing $F_0$-values. In general, the free amino acid values, hardness, and springiness, except for bone springiness, of Samgyetang decreased significantly at higher $F_0$-values. Protein content of meat and broth of the treated samples were significantly lower than that of the control. An increase in the digestion rate of meat and porridge, as well as the turbidity of the broth was observed in most of the treated samples with increasing $F_0$-values. With increasing $F_0$-values, the $L^*$ and $b^*$ values of meat and the $b^*$ values of broth tended to increase, while the $a^*$ value of broth increased significantly. Electronic nose analysis revealed different flavor patterns for samples treated at different $F_0$-values. For sensory traits, samples treated with higher $F_0$-values tended to receive lower evaluations. Particularly, the color and texture of T3 samples were lower than those of T1 and T2 samples. In conclusion, to improve the quality of Samgyetang, the efficiency and optimization of retort machines as well as the standardization of sterilization techniques are needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2001

배경: 판막대치술에 냉동보존판막의 이용은 감염에 대한 저항성과 탁월한 혈류역학으로 증가하고 있다. 판막육아세포의 생존율은 이식된 냉동보존 판막의 내구성에 영향을 미친다고 알려져 있고, 세포의 생존율은 warm ischemic time에 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 냉동 보존하여 이식할수 있는 공여 판막의 warm ischemic time 의 적정치를 구하기 위하여, warm ischemic time에 다른 세포의 생존율을 관찰하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1.조직의 획득: 실제 판막을 냉동 보존하는 상황과 유사하게 하기 위하여 도살된 돼지의 심장과 폐를 밀봉한 상태로 4~8$^{\circ}C$로 냉장 보관하여 (warm ischemic time) 일정시간이 경과한 후, 심장과 폐에서 심장을 적출하여 4$^{\circ}C$하트만 용액에 24시간 보관하였다.(cold ischemic time). Warm ischemic time에 따라 2시간, 12시간, 24시간 36시간으로 4군으로 나누었으며, 각 군마다8개의 돼지 심자을 이용하였다. 2. 조직의 멸균: RRMI 1640에 항생제를 섞은 용액에 멸균하고, 3 냉동과 냉동보존; American tissue bank에서 제시한 냉동곡선에 따라 냉동하여, 액체질소 탱그에서 7일간 보존 후 해동하였다. 4. 생존율의 측정; 판막의 생존율 검사는 Triphan blue test로 하였고, 각각 warm ischemic period후 , cold ischemic period 후, 해동 후에 시행하였다. 5. 분석방법; 분석은 SAS program의 pearson correlation으로 하였다. 결과: 1. 멸균, 냉동과 냉동 보존하는 과정의 적합성을 규명하기 위하여 이 과정의 전과 후인 Cold ischemic period 후와 해동 후의 대동맥판막의 생존율의 차이를 비교한 결과, 차이가 없었다.(p =0.619). 2, warm ischemic time 과 warm ischemic period 후 , Cole ischemic period 후와 해동후의 대동맥판막의 생존율과의 correlation 은 각각 R= -0.857, -.0.673과 -0.549로 강하거나 , 혹은 뚜렷한 음성적 관계가 있었다. 삼천판막의 생존율과 대동맥판막의 생존율과 뚜렷한 상관관계가 있었다. 결론; 1. Warm ischemic time 이 길어지면 판막유아세포의 생존율이 감소하고, 12시간 이상되면 해동후의 판막육 아페포의 생존율이 50% 이하로 떨어졌다. 2. 본 연구에서 시행한 판막의 냉동보존방법은 세포의 생존율을 유지하는데 양호한 것으로 나타났으며 삼천판막으로 대동맥판막의 생존율을 예측해 볼 수 있다. 3. 그러나, 이식후 장기간 적절한 내구성을 갖기 위한 이식될 판막의 생존율은, 육아세포에 관한 여구가 좀 더 되어야 규명될 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.342-346
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• 2006

Pulmonary tuberculomas show variable responses to treatment, with some even increasing in size after treatment. To date, however, no data have been reported on the response of tumorous type of endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB-T) to treatment observed both bronchoscopically and histologically. We report a case of bacteriologically- and biopsy-proven EBTB-T that showed delayed response to anti-tuberculosis treatment. Even after EBTB-T was treated with antituberculosis drugs for 15 months, the bronchoscopic findings and the histologic findings of chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis still remained. However, in fourteen months after the completion of treatment, the lesioneventually disappeared without further treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.230-238
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of freezing and thawing conditions on quality of Hanwoo bottom round. The beef samples were frozen by air blast freezing at $-20^{\circ}C$ or ethanol immersion freezing at $-70^{\circ}C$ and then stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. After 10 days of storage, the frozen samples were thawed with air blast thawing at $4^{\circ}C$ or water immersion thawing at $4^{\circ}C$ and subjected to subsequent analyses of drip loss, water holding capacity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), total aerobic bacteria, and microstructure. Drip loss significantly increased in samples treated with air blast freezing compared to ethanol immersion freezing, whereas freezing and thawing processes had no significant impact on water holding capacity of the samples. Thawing conditions had a much stronger influence on the TBARS and VBN of the samples than freezing conditions. There was no significant difference in the population of total aerobic bacteria among the four samples subjected to one freeze-thaw cycle. In addition, to analyze the effects of freeze-thaw cycle on the quality of beef, three freeze-thaw cycles were performed during storage. Multiple freeze-thaw cycles increased drip loss, TBARS, and VBN and decreased water holding capacity, accelerating microstructural damage. These data indicate that Hanwoo bottom round can be rapidly frozen and thawed by using ethanol immersion freezing and water immersion thawing methods with minimal impact on meat quality.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2006

Background: Although there have been several studies regarding the clinical value of an automated TB-PCR study using sputum, bronchial washing, and other body fluid samples for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis, there are only a few reports on the use of fresh tissue samples. Materials and methods: The acid-fast bacilli stain(AFB), tuberculosis culture, automated TB-PCR study, and histopathology examination were performed in 42 fresh tissue samples. Results: Among the 42 cases, 18 cases were diagnosed with tuberculosis based on the clinical findings. Sixteen of the 18 cases were TB-PCR positive and of these 16 cases, only 2 cases were positive in the AFB stain or culture study. However, all 18 cases showed the histopathology findings of chronic granulomatous inflammation that was compatible with tuberculosis. Based on the clinical findings, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictability, and negative predictability of the automated TB-PCR study were 88.9%, 100%, 100%, and 92.3% respectively. Conclusion: An automated TB-PCR assay is an important diagnostic tool for diagnosing tuberculosis in fresh tissue samples.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.709-717
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• 1999

Background & Method : Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia(BOOP) is a specific clinicopathologic condition characterized by chronic inflammatory interstitial infiltrates. Cryptogenic form of BOOP presents subacute clinical course of flu-like illness, such as cough, fever, dyspnea with exertion and other constitutional symptoms. Pathologically it shows the presence of granulation tissue filling the lumen of terminal and respiratory bronchioles, extending into distal airspaces. Recently, we reviewed 24 cases of idiopathic type of BOOP, 5 cases of our hospital and another 19 cases on Korean literatures, and compared with reviewed data from foreign literatures. Results : Mean age was 54 years old and there was female preponderance in domestic reports. Their common presenting symptoms were dyspnea and cough, and mean duration of illness was 41 days. On chest examination, inspiratory crackle was a common finding. The laboratory findings were nonspecific except hypoxemia. Lung function studies revealed restrictive defect or combined obstructive and restrictive pattern in most patients. Bilateral patchy and nonsegmental alveolar opacities constituted characterized radiographic finding, highlighted on high resolution computed tomogram. It showed a favorable prognosis with an excellent responsiveness to corticosteroid therapy. The clinical features and laboratory findings were similar between domestic and foreign cases except female preponderance in Korean cases. Conclusion : If the clinical course is atypical or pregressive under proper treatment, clinicians should reevaluate clinical features and radiographic findings under the consideration of BOOP. Tissue confirmation would be recommended for the definitive diagnosis of BOOP.