• Title/Summary/Keyword: 유형적 요소

Search Result 1,878, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

A Study on an Effect that Resources and Capabilities of Lifelong Educational Institutions have on Learning Performances (대학 평생교육기관의 자원과 역량이 학습성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Jeong, Jin Tae;Kim, Joo Il
    • The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
    • /
    • v.2 no.2
    • /
    • pp.120-136
    • /
    • 2010
  • As there has recently been a rapid increase in importance of lifelong study, the number of learners participating in lifelong educational programs is increasing geometrically and lifelong educational institutions turned out to be the best one where everyone wants to study. Hereupon, aimed at team leaders managing the whole nation lifelong institutions and teachers interacting briskly with learners, we tried to research and analyze main cause affecting performances of lifelong educational institutions of university in this study based on Resource Based View and Dynamic Capability Theory for continuous development of lifelong educational institutions and securement of the competition. The contents and results of this study run as follows First, We tried to investigate the relation between resources and performances of lifelong educational institutions of university as contents and results of this study. The results were analyzed that material resources like an easy accessibility, superiority of facilities and teachers' excellence of lifelong educational institutions have an beneficial influence. Second, We tried to understand a leading cause affecting Dynamic Capabilities of lifelong educational institutions. The analyzed results were that material and human resources like easy accessibility, superiority of facilities, superiorities of teachers and director's empowering readership as a superior and organizational culture(autonomy, interaction) affect Dynamic Capabilities. These results could be understood that lifelong educational institution characteristics of university are well reflected. Third, We tried to find that even though elements of Resource Based view are surely important, Dynamic Capabilities of the organization are more important for continuous development and growth of lifelong educational institutions. Upon investigation, we found that there were mediating effectiveness in relations between Absorptive Capability and Innovative Capability which are Dynamic Capabilities and performances. Like preceding, there wes also mediating effectiveness in relations between empowering and organizational culture(autonomy, interaction) of a superior. And to conclude, superiority of resources could contribute to developing lifelong educational institutions to some degree but considering features of lifelong educational markets rapidly changed, Dynamic Capabilities of organization are more important for continuous growth and expensive preferability.

  • PDF

A Survey on the Calorie and Nutrient in Children-favored Food within Green Food Zone in Gwangju (광주지역 식품안전보호구역내 어린이 기호식품에 대한 고열량·저영양 성분함량 조사)

  • Yang, Yongshik;Seo, Jungmi;Mun, Sujin;Kim, Taesun;Kim, Bokyung;Choi, Sooyeon;Cho, Baesik;Ha, Dongryong;Kim, Eunsun
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
    • /
    • v.28 no.4
    • /
    • pp.299-305
    • /
    • 2013
  • This study surveyed the real state of children-favored food sold within the green food zone in Gwangju and whether they were high calorie and low nutrition food (HCLNF) or not. A total of 124 samples, which were kimbab (8), tteokbokki (7), toast (12), and Mandu (8) in meal and fried (potato, 6), fried (etc, 6), sundae (7), chicken (skewed, 7), chicken (gangjeong, 5), hot dog (7), corn dog (7), oden (7), slush (27), and oden soup (10) in between meal, were surveyed. The test items are moisture, ash, crude fat and protein, carbohydrate, free sugars, sodium, and saturated fat. In 35 samples of four meal categories, every samples had sodium more than the criteria (600 mg per serving size) and had saturated fat lower than the criteria (4 g per serving size) except twelve toasts. All of toasts were identified as HCLNF due to saturated fat and sodium contents. Four toasts also exceeded the calorie criteria (500 Kcal per serving size). In 89 samples of ten between meal categories, every samples had protein more than the criteria (2 g serving size) excepting slushes and had free sugars lower than the criteria (17 g per serving size) excepting one chicken (gangjeong). Most of fried foods, chickens (gangjeong), and corn dogs had saturated fat more than the criteria (4 g per serving size). But only five fried foods and five chickens (gangjeong) were identified as HCLNF due to calorie (500 Kcal per serving size). In 27 samples of slushes, 20 samples had free sugars more than the criteria (17 g per serving size) with no protein, so they all were identified as HCLNF.

A Study on the Interdependencies of Payment and Settlement Systems in Korea (우리나라 지급결제시스템의 상호의존성에 관한 연구)

  • Yi, Junesuh;Kang, KyeongHoon
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.171-216
    • /
    • 2010
  • With the payment and settlement systems becoming more and more complex and interconnected, the issue of their interdependency rises as an important academic issue as well as a policy topic. This study examines causes, forms, and risk management of interdependencies of payment and settlement systems in Korea, and presents their current situation. By way of simulations using BOF-PSS2 developed by the Bank of Finland, we quantify the effects of an operational disruption on the payment and settlement systems so as to figure out the degree of interdependency. As a result, the secondary round effect reaches up to ₩13.6 trillion a day, which amounts to 7.8% of the daily settlement value. Furthermore, if we also consider the amount of direct operational disruption, the volume of operational disruption occupies 22.3% of total value of the daily settlement, evidencing that the interdependencies of the payment and settlement systems in Korea is enormously widespread. The secondary round effects are found to be more severe with security companies rather than with banks, and to be more depended upon when it is perceived rather than it actually happens. In case that we expand the liquidity to include cash holdings and deposits as assets, the secondary round effect dramatically decreases in all types of financial institutions while foreign banks account for more share of all the secondary round effects increases. Based on these results, we suggest various policy tasks and directions to improve the risk management of settlement systems: expansion of off-setting settlements, introduction of a new settlement system for securities transactions, rapid provision of liquidity to financial institutions, more effective monitoring on participant institutions, and intensified information sharing and cooperation among the systems.

  • PDF

The Psychological Relaxation Effects of College Students in Location Targeting Seonyudo Park in Autumn (가을철 선유도공원의 주제공간이 대학생들의 심리적 안정에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoon, Yong-Han;Oh, Deuk-Kyun;Kim, Jeong-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
    • /
    • v.43 no.2
    • /
    • pp.13-22
    • /
    • 2015
  • The study discovers mood state and enhancement effect of users by scenery of location targeting Seonyudo Park; where is widely recognized as the representative recycling environmental park as well as theme experience space and scenery admiration in Korea. Also, the influence level of park and thematic space upon wellness was researched for future park design and its base data. As a result of semantic differential(SD), the most items showed low point in positive way when people admiring the scenery in Seonyudo. Also, a subject experienced differently depending on each inside scenery element of the park. As a result of profile of mood states(POMS), a tension and anxiety points were shown in order of Urban (7.78) > Water Purification Basin(3.33) > Gardens of Water Plants(2.11) > Garden of Green Pillar(2.00) > Garden of Time (0.89). The depression points were shown in order of Urban(4.94) > Water Purification Basin(3.50) > Garden of Green Pillar(2.94) > Garden of Time(1.61) > Gardens of Water Plants(1.38). The anger and hostility points were shown in order of Urban(4.22) > Water Purification Basin(3.33) > Garden of Green Pillar(2.22) > Garden of Time(1.39) > Gardens of Water Plants(1.11). The fatigue points were shown in order of Urban(6.5) > Water Purification Basin(3.39) > Garden of Green Pillar(2.78) > Garden of Time(2.28) > Gardens of Water Plants (2.06). The vigor points were shown in order of Gardens of Water Plants(11.39) > Garden of Time(11.00) > Garden of Green Pillar(8.39) > Water Purification Basin(7.77) > Urban(5.28). Also, as a result of statistics analysis, difference value of scenery type is significant. The result of total emotional disturbance(TED) was analyzed in order of Urban(24.5) > Water Purification Basin(9.5) > Garden of Green Pillar(4.67) > Garden of Time(-1.39) > Gardens of Water Plants(-1.22).

4D Printing Materials for Soft Robots (소프트 로봇용 4D 프린팅 소재)

  • Sunhee Lee
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
    • /
    • v.24 no.6
    • /
    • pp.667-685
    • /
    • 2022
  • This paper aims to investigate 4D printing materials for soft robots. 4D printing is a targeted evolution of the 3D printed structure in shape, property, and functionality. It is capable of self-assembly, multi-functionality, and self-repair. In addition, it is time-dependent, printer-independent, and predictable. The shape-shifting behaviors considered in 4D printing include folding, bending, twisting, linear or nonlinear expansion/contraction, surface curling, and generating surface topographical features. The shapes can shift from 1D to 1D, 1D to 2D, 2D to 2D, 1D to 3D, 2D to 3D, and 3D to 3D. In the 4D printing auxetic structure, the kinetiX is a cellular-based material design composed of rigid plates and elastic hinges. In pneumatic auxetics based on the kirigami structure, an inverse optimization method for designing and fabricating morphs three-dimensional shapes out of patterns laid out flat. When 4D printing material is molded into a deformable 3D structure, it can be applied to the exoskeleton material of soft robots such as upper and lower limbs, fingers, hands, toes, and feet. Research on 4D printing materials for soft robots is essential in developing smart clothing for healthcare in the textile and fashion industry.

A Study on the Seasonal Water Quality Characteristics and Suitability of Waterfront Activitiesin Waterfront Areas (친수지구의 계절별 수질특성과 친수활동의 적합성에 관한 연구)

  • Taek-Ho Kim;Yoon-Young Chang
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.134-145
    • /
    • 2023
  • Currently, the floodplains of major rivers are transforming into various types of waterfront spaces according to the increase in leisure activities and improved accessibility. In general, waterfront activities in river channels tend to be concentrated in summer, and the waterfront activities during this period directly affect water quality. Accordingly, it is necessary to accurately compare and evaluate the characteristics and water quality of waterfront activities during the period when waterfront activities are concentrated. In this study, the following research was conducted to compare and analyze the current status of waterfront activities of users of waterfront areas and the water quality of waterfront areas. First, three waterfront areas were selected for investigation using the information from the Ministry of Environment's water quality measurement network. Second, a survey was conducted on the satisfaction and types of waterfront activities targeting users of waterfront areas. Third, water quality grades were calculated based on monthly water quality measurement factors and compared. Fourth, statistical analysis (one-way analysis of variance) was conducted to see if there was a significant difference in water quality characteristics between periods of high waterfront activity and periods of low waterfront activity using water quality measurement data for the last 5 years. As a result of this analysis, the following conclusions were drawn in this study. First, the use of waterfront activities was investigated in the order of camping, water skiing, fishing, swimming, and rafting. Second, satisfaction factors for waterfront activities were investigated in the order of activity convenience, water quality, waterlandscape, transportation access convenience, and temperature. Third, it was found that satisfaction with water quality in waterfront areas was generally unsatisfactory regardless of the water quality grade presented by the competent authority. Fourth, as a result of comparing the water quality measurement network data of the Ministry of Environment by water quality grade, generally good grades were found, and in particular, there was a difference in grade frequency by season in the BOD category. Fifth, as a result of statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) of water quality monitoring network data by season, there were statistically significant differences in COD, BOD, TP, and TOC except for DO. Considering the results of these studies, it is judged that it is necessary to prepare a comprehensive management system for water quality improvement in the waterfront zone and to improve water quality during periods of high waterfront activity, and to prepare a water quality forecasting system for waterfront areas in the future.

Simulation Analysis of Urban Heat Island Mitigation of Green Area Types in Apartment Complexes (유형별 녹지 시뮬레이션을 통한 아파트 단지 내 도시열섬현상 저감효과 분석)

  • Ji, Eun-Ju;Kim, Da-Been;Kim, Yu-Gyeong;Lee, Jung-A
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
    • /
    • v.51 no.3
    • /
    • pp.153-165
    • /
    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study is to propose effective scenarios for green areas in apartment complexes that can improve the connection between green spaces considering wind flow, thermal comfort, and mitigation of the urban heat island effect. The study site was an apartment complex in Godeok-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Korea. The site selection was based on comparing temperatures and discomfort index data collected from June to August 2020. Initially, the thermal and wind environment of the current site was analyzed. Based on the findings, three scenarios were proposed, taking into account both green patches and corridor elements: Scenario 1 (green patch), Scenario 2 (green corridor), and Scenario 3 (green patch & corridor). Subsequently, each scenario's wind speed, wind flow, and thermal comfort were analyzed using ENVI-met to compare their effectiveness in mitigating the urban heat island effect. The study results demonstrated that green patches contributed to increased wind speed and improved wind flow, leading to a reduction of 31..20% in the predicted mean vote (PMV) and 68.59% in the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PET). On the other hand, green corridors facilitated the connection of wind paths and further increased wind speed compared to green patches. They proved to be more effective than green patches in mitigating the urban heat island, resulting in a reduction of 92.47% in PMV and 90.14% in PET. The combination of green patches and green corridors demonstrated the greatest increase in wind speed and strong connectivity within the apartment complex, resulting in a reduction of 95.75% in PMV and 95.35% in PET. However, patches in narrow areas were found to be more effective in improving thermal comfort than green corridors. Therefore, to effectively mitigate the urban heat island effect, enhancing green areas by incorporating green corridors in conjunction with green patches is recommended. This study can serve as fundamental data for planning green areas to mitigate future urban heat island effects in apartment complexes. Additionally, it can be considered a method to improve urban resilience in response to the challenges posed by the urban heat island effect.

A Study on the Types and Changes of the King's Amusement Activities through 『Annals of The Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄)』 (『조선왕조실록(朝鮮王朝實錄)』을 통해 본 왕의 위락활동 유형과 변천)

  • Kang, Hyun-Min;Shin, Sang-Sup;Kim, Hyun-Wuk;Ma, Yi-Chu;Han, Rui-Ting
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
    • /
    • v.36 no.4
    • /
    • pp.39-49
    • /
    • 2018
  • "Annals of The Joseon Dynasty" is a book recording the Joseon Dynasty's historical facts in an annalistic format. The King's amusement activities through "Annals of The Joseon Dynasty" which were established by the Ye-ak(禮樂) system were analyzed. The results are as follows. The king's amusement activities that were performed during the Joseon Dynasty period could be classified as state banquets, military banquets, and banquets for play. The analysis of the king's amusement activity was divided into five stages. The characteristic of [1 period : King Taejo~Sejo(Yejong)] was dominated the military banquets of the Goryeo Dynasty. Neo-Confucianism is the establishment of political and social turning of the ballast, considerations of military culture, culture, and Hoeryeyeon Jinpungjeong, a cloud of dust and elders banquets such as Giroyeon and Yangnoyeon on the nature of the party. A lasting ordinance was institutionalized[2 period : King Seongjong~Jungjong]. In the chopper and jeongyujaeran, Hong Kyung Rae led a royal amusement activities are stagnant, often produce isolated storage compute in the gloomy situation[3 period : King Injong~Hyeonjong]. Revival period is pride of the amusement activity through the culture of Joseon Dynasty royal culture [4 period : King Sukjong~Jeongjo]. The throne, crashed due to political power is an ebb of royal amusement activities, while also rapidly waning[5 period : King Seonjo~Seonjong]. During the early Joseon Dynasty, hunting took place around the forest area northeast of Hanyang and during King Seongjong's period, it took place closer to the capital city, while in Lord Yeonsan's period, it was expanded to a 39 kilometer radius area from the palace, and banquets such as various forms of entertainment of Cheoyongmu, and Flower-viewing. The Joseon kings who enjoyed hunting were King Sejong, Sejo, Seongjong, Yeonsan, and Jungjong. Most of hunting objects were tigers, bears, deer and roe deer, leopards, boars, their animals and falconry took, and the purpose of the hunting was to perform ancestral rites to the royal ancestry or the royal tombs. Lord Yeonsan's hunting activities had negative effects after King Jungjong the king's hunting activity decreased sharply. However, there were also positive aspects of Lord Yeonsan's Prohibition of cutting woods ect. In conclusion, the expansion of the King's garden(庭:courtyard${\rightarrow}$園:privacy garden${\rightarrow}$苑:king's garden${\rightarrow}$苑?:national hunting park) is evident which starts from formal and informal activities that took place in Oejo, Chijo, and Yeonjo, which went further to the separate and secret gardens, and then even further, thus setting the amusement activity area as a 39 kilometer radius range from Hanyang.

Development of a complex failure prediction system using Hierarchical Attention Network (Hierarchical Attention Network를 이용한 복합 장애 발생 예측 시스템 개발)

  • Park, Youngchan;An, Sangjun;Kim, Mintae;Kim, Wooju
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
    • /
    • v.26 no.4
    • /
    • pp.127-148
    • /
    • 2020
  • The data center is a physical environment facility for accommodating computer systems and related components, and is an essential foundation technology for next-generation core industries such as big data, smart factories, wearables, and smart homes. In particular, with the growth of cloud computing, the proportional expansion of the data center infrastructure is inevitable. Monitoring the health of these data center facilities is a way to maintain and manage the system and prevent failure. If a failure occurs in some elements of the facility, it may affect not only the relevant equipment but also other connected equipment, and may cause enormous damage. In particular, IT facilities are irregular due to interdependence and it is difficult to know the cause. In the previous study predicting failure in data center, failure was predicted by looking at a single server as a single state without assuming that the devices were mixed. Therefore, in this study, data center failures were classified into failures occurring inside the server (Outage A) and failures occurring outside the server (Outage B), and focused on analyzing complex failures occurring within the server. Server external failures include power, cooling, user errors, etc. Since such failures can be prevented in the early stages of data center facility construction, various solutions are being developed. On the other hand, the cause of the failure occurring in the server is difficult to determine, and adequate prevention has not yet been achieved. In particular, this is the reason why server failures do not occur singularly, cause other server failures, or receive something that causes failures from other servers. In other words, while the existing studies assumed that it was a single server that did not affect the servers and analyzed the failure, in this study, the failure occurred on the assumption that it had an effect between servers. In order to define the complex failure situation in the data center, failure history data for each equipment existing in the data center was used. There are four major failures considered in this study: Network Node Down, Server Down, Windows Activation Services Down, and Database Management System Service Down. The failures that occur for each device are sorted in chronological order, and when a failure occurs in a specific equipment, if a failure occurs in a specific equipment within 5 minutes from the time of occurrence, it is defined that the failure occurs simultaneously. After configuring the sequence for the devices that have failed at the same time, 5 devices that frequently occur simultaneously within the configured sequence were selected, and the case where the selected devices failed at the same time was confirmed through visualization. Since the server resource information collected for failure analysis is in units of time series and has flow, we used Long Short-term Memory (LSTM), a deep learning algorithm that can predict the next state through the previous state. In addition, unlike a single server, the Hierarchical Attention Network deep learning model structure was used in consideration of the fact that the level of multiple failures for each server is different. This algorithm is a method of increasing the prediction accuracy by giving weight to the server as the impact on the failure increases. The study began with defining the type of failure and selecting the analysis target. In the first experiment, the same collected data was assumed as a single server state and a multiple server state, and compared and analyzed. The second experiment improved the prediction accuracy in the case of a complex server by optimizing each server threshold. In the first experiment, which assumed each of a single server and multiple servers, in the case of a single server, it was predicted that three of the five servers did not have a failure even though the actual failure occurred. However, assuming multiple servers, all five servers were predicted to have failed. As a result of the experiment, the hypothesis that there is an effect between servers is proven. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the prediction performance was superior when the multiple servers were assumed than when the single server was assumed. In particular, applying the Hierarchical Attention Network algorithm, assuming that the effects of each server will be different, played a role in improving the analysis effect. In addition, by applying a different threshold for each server, the prediction accuracy could be improved. This study showed that failures that are difficult to determine the cause can be predicted through historical data, and a model that can predict failures occurring in servers in data centers is presented. It is expected that the occurrence of disability can be prevented in advance using the results of this study.

Actual Conditions and Perception of Safety Accidents by School Foodservice Employees in Chungbuk (충북지역 학교급식 조리종사원의 안전사고 실태 및 인식)

  • Cho, Hyun A;Lee, Young Eun;Park, Eun Hye
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.43 no.10
    • /
    • pp.1594-1606
    • /
    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to examine safety accidents related to school foodservice, working and operating environments of school foodservice, status and awareness of safety education, educational needs, and information on qualitative improvement of school foodservice. The subjects in this study were 234 cooks in charge of cooking at elementary and secondary schools in Chungbuk. A survey was conducted from July 30 to August 8, 2012, and among 202 questionnaires gathered, 194 completed questionnaires were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed on data utilizing the SPSS version 19.0. The main results of this study were as follows: 44.3% of workers experienced safety accidents. The most frequent safety accident was 'once' (60.5%), and most safety accidents took place between June and August (31.4%). The time at which most safety accidents happened was between 8 and 11 am. Most safety accidents happened during cooking (52.3%) and while using a soup pot or frying pot (52.4%). The most common accidents were 'burns', 'wrist and arm pain', and 'slips and falls'. Respondents who experienced safety accidents replied that 57.6% of employees dealt with injuries at their own expense, and only 35.3% utilized industrial accident insurance. In terms of the operating environment, the score for 'offering information and application' was highest (3.76 points), whereas that for 'security of budget' was lowest (1.77 points). As for accident education, employees received safety education approximately 3.45 times and 5.10 hours per year. Improving the working environment of school foodservice cooks requires administrative and financial support. Furthermore, educational materials and guidelines based on the working environment and safety accident status of school foodservice cooks are required in order to minimize potential risk factors and control safety accidents in school foodservice.