• Title/Summary/Keyword: 유입부하

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A Scheme of Effective Water Quality Management on Lake Okjeoung (옥정호의 효율적인 수질관리방안)

  • Lee, Yo-Sang;Kim, U-Gu
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.487-497
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    • 2001
  • Investigated data on Lake Okjeong were used for the simulation of water quality. According to the simulation results, the effective scheme of water quality management on reservoir has been proposed. It has been recognized that the water quality of Lake Okjeong is under eutrophic and mesotrophic condition even though there are seasonal variation. The water quality of lake is mainly affected by the inflow of pollutant load from watershed. Therefore, to estimate and quantify the accurate amounts of pollutants flowing into reservoir is absolutely necessary for the effective management of water quality on Lake Okjeong. When the pollutant load measured during 7 different rainy periods in 1999 was compared with total pollutant load in 1999. TN and TP measured during 7 different rainy periods showed almost 50% of total pollutant load. In case of SS, it was 72.8%. On the other hand, the rainfall amount measured during the 7 different rainy periods was about 17.5% of total rainfall amount in 1999. Release rate of TP shows 11.92 mg/L at fish farm site and 0.2∼1.9 mg/L at monitoring station of water quality on Lake Okjeong, and which is considered to be less than that of other foreign reservoirs under the circumstances of anoxic condition. For the effective management of water quality on Lake Okjeong. WASP5 water quality simulation model has been applied and verified, and the verified model was used to propose the effective scheme of water quality management. In this case, 6 different scenarios were applied, by changing the amount of inflow of pollutant load in each subbasin. The most effective scheme has turned out that pollutant load generated from Imsil and Gwanchon subbasin should be reduced, and the best way to improve the water a quality is to reduce the pollutant load at every subbasin. According to the simulation result, wastewater treatment facility should be located at every subbasin.

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Effect of Decay Rate Coefficients with Sulfur Denitrification due to Salt in Seafood Wastewater (수산물 가공폐수내 염분이 황 탈질 반응속도 상수에 미치는 영향)

  • Jo, You-Na;Choi, Yong-Bum;Han, Dong-Joon;Kwon, Jae-Hyouk
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.8
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    • pp.367-377
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    • 2017
  • This study examined the effects of the salinity of seafood wastewater on the sulfur denitrification process. An examination of the denitrification efficiency showed that the optimal EBCT was 1hr at an influent T-N concentration of 20mg/L or lower and 2-3hr at an T-N concentration of 30mg/L. An examination of the denitrification efficiency according to the nitrogen load showed that the legal effluent water quality criterion was satisfied when the influent load was maintained within $0.496kg/m^3/day$. On the other hand, the reactor volume increased when this was applied to the site. Therefore, the influent load should be within $0.372kg/m^3/day$ considering the denitrification and economic efficiency. At a load of $0.248{\sim}0.628kg/m^3{\cdot}day$, the k value was $0.0890{\sim}0.5032hr^{-1}$. The batch experimental results according to the $Cl^-$ concentration showed that at an influent nitrogen concentration of 30.0mg/L, the effect of the denitrification efficiency was not large below the salinity of $7,000mgCl^-/L$, but inhibition occurred above $9,000mgCl^-/L$. Calculations of the reaction rate constant according to the $Cl^-$ concentration showed that the reaction rate constant was $0.1049{\sim}0.2324hr^{-1}$ at a raw wastewater concentration of ${\sim}5,000mgCl^-/L$. In contrast, the k value was $0.1588hr^{-1}$ at $7,000mgCl^-/L$ and $0.1049hr^{-1}$ at $9,000mgCl^-/L$.

Numerical Simulation of the Formation of Oxygen Deficient Water-masses in Jinhae Bay (진해만의 빈산소 수괴 형성에 관한 수치실험)

  • CHOI Woo-Jeung;PARK Chung-Kill;LEE Suk-Mo
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.413-433
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    • 1994
  • Jinhae Bay once was a productive area of fisheries. It is, however, now notorious for its red tides; and oxygen deficient water-masses extensively develop at present in summer. Therefore the shellfish production of the bay has been decreasing and mass mortality often occurs. Under these circumstances, the three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic and the material cycle models, which were developed by the Institute for Resources and Environment of Japan, were applied to analyze the processes affecting the oxygen depletion and also to evaluate the environment capacity for the reception of pollutant loads without dissolved oxygen depletion. In field surveys, oxygen deficient water-masses were formed with concentrations of below 2.0mg/l at the bottom layer in Masan Bay and the western part of Jinhae Bay during the summer. Current directions, computed by the $M_2$ constituent, were mainly toward the western part of Jinhae Bay during flood flows and in opposite directions during ebb flows. Tidal currents velocities during the ebb tide were stronger than that of the flood tide. The comparision between the simulated and observed tidal ellipses showed fairly good agreement. The residual currents, which were obtained by averaging the simulated tidal currents over 1 tidal cycle, showed the presence of counterclockwise eddies in the central part of Jinhae Bay. Density driven currents were generated southward at surface and northward at the bottom in Masan Bay and Jindong Bay, where the fresh water of rivers entered. The material cycle model was calibrated with the data surveyed in the field of the study area from June to July, 1992. The calibrated results are in fairly good agreement with measured values within relative error of $28\%$. The simulated dissolved oxygen distributions of bottom layer were relatively high with the concentration of $6.0{\sim}8.0mg/l$ at the boundaries, but an oxygen deficient water-masses were formed within the concentration of 2.0mg/l at the inner part of Masan Bay and the western part of Jinhae Bay. The results of sensitivity analyses showed that sediment oxygen demand(SOD) was one of the most important influence on the formation of oxygen depletion. Therefore, to control the oxygen deficient water-masses and to conserve the coastal environment, it is an effective method to reduce the SOD by improving the polluted sediment. As the results of simulations, in Masan Bay, oxygen deficient water-masses recovered to 5.0mg/l when the $50\%$ reduction in input COD loads from Masan basin and $70\%$ reduction in SOD was conducted. In the western part of Jinhae Bay, oxygen deficient water-masses recovered to 5.0mg/l when the $95\%$ reduction in SOD and $90\%$ reduction in culturing ground fecal loads was conducted.

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Phosphorus and Suspended Solid Loading in Lake Yongdam (용담호 소유역별 인 및 부유물질 유입부하량 산정)

  • Kwon, Sang-Yong;Kim, Young-Geel;Yih, Won-Ho;Kim, Bom-Chul;Heo, Woo-Myung
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.38 no.3 s.113
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    • pp.322-333
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    • 2005
  • Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solids (SS) were measured in the discharge waters from 5 drainage basins of Lake Yongdam, from April, 2002 till March, 2004. The responses of SS and TP to rainfall were analyzed and their loadings into Lake Yongdam were calculated. The inflowing rivers into Lake Yongdam were the Juja River, the Jeongja River, the Jinan River, the Geum River and the Guryang River. Among these rivers Jinan River showed the highest TP that fluctuated very much according to the flow rate. TP and the flow rates (Q) of each river showed positive correlations with empirical relationsip of $TP\;=\;6.32Q^{0.30}$ for the Juia River, $TP\;=\;8.58Q^{0.49}$ for the Jeongia River, $TP\;=\;307.92Q^{0.10}$, for the Jinan River, $TP\;=\;17.91Q^{0.47}$, for the Geum River, $TP\;=\;20.11Q^{0.53}$ for Guryang River. In April 2002 ${\sim}$ March 2003, phosphorus loadings from the Juja River, the Jeongja River, the Jinan River, the Geum River and the Guryang River were calculated to be 3,677, 11,430, 36,412, 89,651, and 42,226 kgP ${\cdot}$ $yr^{-1}$ respectively. And the specific loadings from the Juja River, the Jeongia River, the Jinan River, the Geum River and the Guryang River were calculated to be 0.3, 2.9, 13.6, 9.3, and 13.0 kgP ${\cdot}$ $km^{-2}$ ${\cdot}$ $yr^{-1}$ respectively. In April 2002 ${\sim}$ March 2004, the suspended particles loading from the Juja River, the Jeongia River, the Jinan River, the Geum River and the Guryang River were 673, 1,232, 4,232, 30,902, 80,202 ton ${\cdot}$ $yr^{-1}$ respectively. The Guryang River showed the largest contribution of SS loading.

Estimation of Total Allowable Pollutant Loads Using Eco-hydrodynamic Modeling for Water Quality Management on the Southern Coast of Korea (생태계 모델에 의한 총허용 오염부하량 산정을 통한 연안해역의 수질관리)

  • Lee, Dae-In;Kim, Jong-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.29-43
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    • 2007
  • For effective management of water quality on the southern coast of korea, a three-dimensional eco-hydrodynamic model is used to predict water quality in summer and to estimate the reduction rate in pollutant loads that would be required to restore water quality. Under the current environmental conditions, in particular, pollutant loadings to the study area were very high, chemical oxygen demand (COD) exceeded seawater quality criteria to comply with current legislation, and water quality was in a eutrophic condition. Therefore, we estimated reduction rates of current pollutant loads by modeling. The model reproduced reasonably the flow field and water quality of the study area. If the terrestrial COD, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus loads were reduced by 90%, the water quality criteria of Region A were still not satisfied. However, when the nutrient loads from polluted sediment and land were each reduced by 70% simultaneously, COD and $Chl-{\alpha}$ were restored. When we reduced the input COD and nutrient loads from the Nakdong River by 80%, $Chl-{\alpha}$ and COD of Region B decreased below $10\;{\mu}g\;1^{-1}$ and $2\;mg\;1^{-1}$, respectively. The water quality criteria of Region C were satisfied when we reduced the terrestrial COD and nutrient loads by 70%. Total allowable loadings of COD and inorganic nutrients in each region were determined by multiplying the reduction rates by current pollutant loads. Estimated high reduction rates, although difficult to achieve at the present time under the prevailing environmental conditions, suggest that water pollution is very severe in this study area, and pollutant loads must be reduced within total allowable loads by continuous and long-term management. To achieve the reduction in pollutant loads, sustainable countermeasures are necessary, including the expansion of sewage and wastewater facilities, polluted sediment control and limited land use.

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Hydraulic characteristics and particle behavior in rainwater retention facilities (빗물저류시설에서 수리학적 흐름특성과 입자의 거동)

  • Yoo, Hyoung-Keun;Mun, Jung-Soo;Han, Moo-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2008.05a
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    • pp.141-146
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    • 2008
  • 빗물 유출량 제어를 위한 빗물 저류 시설에서 지금까지는 저류되는 용량이 주된 관심사였다. 많은 물을 순간적으로 저류하여 지체시킴으로서 유출량을 감소시키는 것이 목적이었다. 하지만 이러한 빗물저류시설은 저류기능 뿐만 아니라 침전에 의한 수질개선효과도 가지고 있다. 이렇게 저류된 물을 갈수기에는 화장실 용수나 잡용수로 사용할 수도 있고, 수질 개선을 통하여 하수 오염 부하량의 경감효과까지 노릴 수 있다. 이러한 수질개선 효과를 알아보기 위해서는 빗물 저류시설의 수리학적 흐름특성과 입자의 거동파악이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamic)를 이용하여 빗물저류시설 중 하나인 빗물저장조의 수리학적 흐름특성 및 입자의 거동을 살펴보았다. 빗물저장조는 유출입패턴이 불규칙하다. 이를 크게 네 가지 경우로 나누어 살펴보면, 유입만 있고 유출이 없는 경우(Case 1), 유입과 유출이 동시에 있는 경우(Case 2), 유출입이 모두 없는 경우(Case 3), 유출만 있고 유입이 없는 경우(Case 4)로 살펴 볼 수 있다. 기존의 수량 측면에만 한정되었던 빗물 저류 시설에 대한 연구를 수자원 절약과 수질 개선을 통한 하수도 오염 부하량 감소의 측면을 덧붙여 빗물 저류 시설의 목적 범위를 확장할 수 있다.

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Deduction of Best Design Factor of Riparian Buffer Zone for Reduction of Non-Point Pollutants (비점오염 부하 저감을 위한 수변완충지대의 최적 인자 도출을 위한 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Won;Choi, I-Song;Jung, Sang-Jun;Woo, Hyo-Seop;Oh, Jong-Min
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2007.05a
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    • pp.1788-1792
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    • 2007
  • 한강 "수변구역"에서 비점오염물질의 공공수역 유입을 억제하기 위한 다양한 방법들 중에서 보편적이고 자연친화적인 방법은 다양한 생물의 서식공간이며, 동시에 본류로 유입되는 과정에서 수질을 정화시키는 수질개선 공간인 수변완충구역, 또는 지대를 설정하여 관리하는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 수변완충지대 효과 분석 및 설정에 관한 연구는 국내에서 아직 수행되지 않았다. 본 연구의 목적은 수변구역의 자정능력을 높이는 것은 물론 그 밖의 하천 연안에서 비점오염물질의 차단과 처리능력을 증진시키고 수변 생태계의 서식처 보전 및 복원을 위해서 수변완충지대의 수질정화 기술개발과 생물다양성을 창출하는 수변완충지대 조성 기법을 개발하는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 수변완충지의 추가적인 조성과 보완, 시험완충지 생태구조 및 기능 기초조사, 시험완충지 오염부하 저감효과의 실험 및 분석, 수변완충지대 설치 구상 등의 연구를 수행하여 수변완충지대 조성 시 설정 폭을 산정할 수 있게 하였다. 수행 지역은 한강수계 지역으로 남한강 수변인 경기도 양평군 병산리에서 실시하였으며, 잔디와 갈대, 갯버들, 혼합지역, 자연그대로의 상태(대조지역)의 5 구역으로 구분하였고, 거리별, 깊이별 샘플을 채취하여 유입수에 대한 오염물질 제거효율을 도출하고, 이를 이용하여 수변완충지대의 설계 시 필요한 유역의 폭, 면적, 길이 등과 같은 설계인자를 도출할 수 있도록 하였다.

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Analysis of Flux Density by DC Current at Core of Mold Transformer (직류전류에 의한 몰드변압기의 철심 자속밀도 변화 분석)

  • Kim, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Ji-Hong;Choi, Myung-Jun;Kim, Hyung-Doo
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2008.07a
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    • pp.681-682
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    • 2008
  • 최근 다양한 부하들로 인해, 배전용변압기로 사용되고 있는 몰드변압기의 운전조건이 가혹해 지고 있다. 특히, 전력변환장치와 연계된 몰드변압기의 경우, 부하의 운전특성에 따라 편자(偏磁)현상이 발생하며 이로 인해 직류성분의 전류가 몰드변압기로 유입된다. 이는 철심의 포화현상 및 변압기의 손실 증가를 유발하여 국부과열 문제로 인한 사고로 이어질 우려가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, EMTP 과도해석 프로그램을 활용하여 직류성분 전류에 의해 증가되는 몰드변압기의 여자전류를 계산하고, 이를 토대로 철심의 자속밀도 변화를 계산하였다. 직류성분 전류의 크기에 따라 철심의 적정 운전자속밀도를 고려하여 몰드변압기를 설계함으로써 직류전류 유입시에도 안정적인 운전이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

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부유식 건축물 유지관리를 위한 환경부하 정량화 기법에 관한 연구

  • Jo, Gyu-Hwan;Park, Dong-Cheon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2012.10a
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    • pp.285-287
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    • 2012
  • 염해는 철근 콘크리트 구조물의 주요 열화원인으로서 특히 수해양 부유식 건축물의 상부구조는 비래염분에 의한 피해에 노출되어 있고, 해수에 접하고 있는 함체는 다공질 콘크리트의 모세관으로 염수이온이 침투하므로 상당히 높은 수위의 열화 환경에 노출되어 있다고 분류할 수 있다. 본 연구는 해양에서 유입되는 비래염분량을 정량화하여 철근 콘크리트 구조물 뿐만아니라 강재 건자재의 장수명화를 꾀하는 기초자료를 구축하고자 하였다. 1년간에 걸쳐 측정된 비래염분유입 지역은 기존연구에서 조사된 1km 범위을 상당히 초과하고 있으며 그 량도 강재 발청농도를 탁월하게 상회하는 것으로 분석되었다.

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Evaluating Two Types of Rectangular Secondary Clarifier Performance at Biological Nutrient Removal Facilities (생물학적 고도처리공법에 적용된 두 형태의 장방형 이차침전지 성능 파악)

  • Lee, Byonghi
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.561-570
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    • 2013
  • There are two types of rectangular secondary clarifier at biological nutrient removal (BNR) facility to settle MLSS; conventional activated sludge secondary clarifier and Gould Type I clarifier. In this study, the performances of two types at respective biological nutrient removal facility are compared using weekly operational data. Surface Overflow Rate (SOR), Surface Loading Rate (SLR), Sludge Volume Index (SVI), secondary effluent SS concentration are studied. It has found that Gould Type I has 3.5 times less average secondary effluent SS concentration that is 2.4 mg/L than that of conventional activated sludge secondary clarifier. Both SOR and SLR have shown little effect on secondary effluent SS concentrations at Gould Type I clarifier in contrary that SOR affects the secondary effluent SS concentrations at conventional activated sludge rectangular secondary clarifier. From this study, it is recommended that Gould Type I must be considered for secondary clarifier when BNR plant is designed.