• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.269-274
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• 1992

Authers retrospectively analyzed ultrasonographic findings of 12 cases of breast carcinomas which were proven pathologocally at Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1992 to August 1992. Classically, breast carcinomas were described as irregular and lobulated hypoechoic solid masses with inhomogenous internal echoes and frequent attenuation of the sound beam. And other additional ultrasonographic findings were echogenic rim, disruptions of superficial layer, microcalcification, skin thickening and so on. In our studies, not all of these findings of breast carcinomas were found in each case, but most of these findings were noted. However, several studies have demonstrated considerable overlap in the ultrasonographic appearance of benign lesions and carcinoma. Thus, accurate sonographic determination of the type of solid mass is not possible with current ultrasonographic imaging techniques and criteria. For more accurate diganosis of breast lesions, sonographic and other imaging techniqes are interpreted together.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.345-360
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• 2023

In Korea, the number of institutions providing breast MRI, as well as the number of breast MRIs, has recently increased. However, MRI-guided procedures, including biopsy and needle localization, are rarely performed compared to ultrasound-guided or stereotactic biopsy. As breast MRI has high sensitivity but limited specificity, lesions detected only on MRI require pathologic confirmation through MRI-guided biopsy or surgical excision with MRI-guided needle localization. Thus, we aimed to review MRI-guided procedures, including their indications, techniques, procedural considerations, and limitations.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.274-284
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• 1997

조기 유방암에 대한 바람직한 치료는 유방의 형태를 최대한 보존하면서 악성 종양을 치료하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 충분히 달성하기 위하여 최대한 조기에 유방암을 진단하고 미용상 종양 절제술에 적합한 환자를 선택하여 절제 범위를 최소화한 유방 보존술을 시행하며 수술 후 유방 전체에 대한 근치적인 방사선 치료를 적절히 시행하면 된다. 여러 연구에서 전통적인 치료법인 근치적 또는 변형 근치적 유방 절제술의 성적과 비교하여 차이가 없으므로 조기 유방암의 치료에는 이상적인 치료법으로 인정된다. 이와 병행하여 액와부 림프절 및 전신적인 재발에 대한 진단 및 예방을 위하여 액와 림프절에 대한 충분한 외과적인 처치와 병리학적인 검사를 시행하여 불필요한 방사선 치료로 인한 부작용을 최소화하여야 한다. 만약 전신적인 치료가 요구되는 경우에는 항암제 및 내분비 요법을 병행하여 재발을 억제해야 유방 보존술의 장점을 살릴 수 있다. 결론적으로 이 치료법이 조기 유방암 환자의 삶의 질을 개선시키면서 최상의 치료 효과를 얻기 위해서는 유관 진료 각과의 의료진이 유기적으로 협조하여 조기 진단률을 높히고, 유방 보존술 및 방사선 치료 과정에서 환자들에게 치료 결과에 대한 확신을 심어주도록 열심히 노력해야 된다. 또한 치료와 연관된 부작용이나 합병증을 최대한 줄여나가는 방향으로 치료 방법을 계속 보완 발전시키는 것이 매우 중요하며 아직도 발전의 여지가 많은 이 치료법이 조기 유방암의 이상적인 치료법으로 정착하기 위해서는 향후 다양한 임상적인 경험을 통한 더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 생각한다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.592-615
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• 1994

1. 체세포점수(SCS)는 적절히 사용되었을 때 큰 이익을 가져다 주는 가치있는 조사항목이다. 2. 권장된 유방염 예방관리계획을 잘 적용할 수 있는 대부분의 우군에서는 SCS 목표를 3.0으로 잡는 것이 바람직하다. 3. 체세포점수(SCS)자료는 비유횟수, 착유일수와 신규감염, 만성감염, 중증감염된 그 해의 달 그리고 평균 SCS별로 정돈하면 아주 유용하다. 4. 체세포점수(SCS)양상과 SCS치가 높은 젖소들은 우군의 유방염 문제를 진단하는데 유용하며 목표를 세우고 유방염 예방대책을 수립하는데 도움을 준다. 5. 임상관찰과 치료기록, 원인균 검사성적자료와 연관시킨 SCS 자료는 가장 좋은 유방염 평가기록일 수 있다. 6. 목장에 근무하는 전직원이 유방염에 관한 자료의 이용에 있어 전문적 지식을 갖추고 있으면 초기에 유방염 문제에 개입할 수 있게 되어 비유기중에 항생제에 사용을 줄일 수 있다. 따라서 유질이 향상되고 농가의 수입증대를 도모할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.137-137
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• 2002

개 유방 종양은 개에서 가장 흔한 종양들이지만 유방 분비물을 통한 세포학 진단의 의의는 크다. 이들 종양의 진단상 병리조직학적 진단은 보편화되어 있으며 그 정확성도 매우 높다. 그러나 진단에 걸리는 시간과 비용 문제를 간과 할 수는 없다. 본 증례는 전남대학교 부속동물병원에 내원한 9살된 암컷 요크셔테리어 종으로서 유선에서 혈액과 고름이 섞인 분비물이 5개월 동안 관찰되었다. 이들 분비물을 슬라이드에 도말하여 diff-quik 염색후 세포학적 진단결과 다양한 형태의 종양세포, 적혈구 및 호중구가 관찰되었다. 종양세포는 대소부동한 다형태성의 핵을 가지고 있었고, 핵소체는 뚜렷하였으며 핵과 세포질 비율(N/C) 도 매우 높았다. 전형적인 유방 선암종(adenocarcinoma) 세포로 진단되었으며 유방절제후 병리조직학적 검사 소견도 세포학적 진단과 일치하였다. 유방 선암종 분비물의 세포학적 진단은 보다 간편하고 적은 비용으로 진단해 낼 수 있었다. 개 유방 선암종 분비물의 세포학적 진단은 국내보고를 쉽게 찾을 수 없었다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2000

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic role of $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin in detection of breast cancer and compared with that of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI. Material and Methods: Forty-eight patients with a clinically palpable mass or abnormal mammographic or ultrasonographic findings had $^{99m}Tc-MIBI\;and\;^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin scintimammographies after intravenous injection of 925 MBq of radiopharmaceuticals. The scintimammographs were correlated with histopathologic findings. Results: Thirty-three patients were diagnosed with breast cancer and 15 patients with benign breast diseases. The numbers of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative cases of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammography were 29, 10, 5, and 4 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammographies were 87.8%, 66.7%, 85.3%, and 71.4% respectively. The numbers of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative cases of $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin were 31,10, 5, and 2 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin were 93.9%, 66.7%, 86.1%, and 73.3% respectively. One patient was false negative in both $^{99m}Tc-MIBI\;and\;^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin acintimammographies and its size was 0.5 cm. Conclusion: $^{99m}Tc-Tetrofosmin\;and\;^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ were non-invasive and useful in detection of breast cancer and $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin was comparable to the $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI in detection of primary breast cancer.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Breast MRI is a cutting-edge technology in the diagnosis and intervention of breast abnormalities. Over the last decade, breast MRI has evolved from a research field to a clinical field. Radiologists should understand the indications, how to obtain adequate images, and how to interpret and report their findings. Breast MRI is now used in the differentiation of benign from malignant mass, preoperative staging of breast cancer patients, assessment of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and evaluation of women with breast implants. It can also be used as a supplemental screening modality for high-risk women. Qualified radiologists and adequate MRI technique are crucial for the success of these purposes. This review is focused on the indication, standardized use of lexicon and categorization of breast MRI.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 1996

Fine needle aspiration(FNA) has been quite successful in identifying benign and malignant breast lesions, but a "gray zone" exists. A total of 697 FNAs of breast were performed at Korea Cancer Center Hospital for a period of one year. One hundred and eleven of the 697 FNAs were diagnosed as atypical or suspicious for malignancy. Among them, we reviewed 74 FNAs, un which histologic diagnoses were made, and applied cytologic grading system proposed by Masood et al (1990) to evaluate the usefulness of this system in minimizing the size of gray zone. Technical problem was responsible for equivocal diagnoses in 19 FNAs Of the remaining 55 FNAs, 18 were benign and 37 were malignant. Among benign conditions, fibroadenoma(5 cases) and fibrocystic disease with fibroadenomatous feature(3 cases) constituted the largest groups. The majority of malignant conditions were infiltrating ductal carcinoma(29 cases), however, those low grade carcinomas Including tubular carcinoma(3 oases), cribriform carcinoma(2 cases), and mucinous carcinoma(2 cases) occupied a relatively large proportion Cytologic grading system was quite useful in minimizing the size of gray lone. The scores of 27 out of 29 usual infiltrating ductal carcinomas belonged to the group of cytologic malignancy, how-ever, only 2 out of 7 low grade carcinomas got scores of malignancy FNA from fibroadenoma or fibrocystic disease with fibroadenomatous features showed a tendency toward high scores. Experience of the cytopathologist and familiarity with cytologic alteration in breast disease cannot be overemphasized.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.307-314
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• 2015

This study was conducted in reducing the involuntary motion artifacts because of lungs and heart movements as well as the aliasing artifacts generated during the use of the reduced-FOV EPI technique while performing breast MRI. Performed on a total of 38 obesity female subjects who visited the clinic for pre-examination before surgery within the period from August 1 to November 30, 2014. The 3.0T MRI scanner equipped with a breast scanning coil. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were each used for the evaluation of the acquired images while an Paired T-test and Wilcoxon rank test were performed to check the statistical significance. The variation ratio rose by 15.69% with the additional application of a pre-saturation pulse in the lesion, by 13.72% near the lesion, and 20.63% in the fat and the contrast-to-noise ratio rose by 10.58% in and near the lesion and by 12.03% in the lesion and fat, respectively. there were increases of 22.05% and 21.42% at 0 and 1000 respectively in qulitative evaluation and growth of 16.10% in apparent diffusion coefficient. it showed a statistically significant result(p<0.05) in signal to noise ratio, contrast to noise ratio, diffusion slope coefficient and apparent diffusion coefficient. The involuntary movements artifacts that occur in the phase encoding direction and the aliasing artifacts are considered to be reduced to obtain the best image in the additional use of the pre-saturation pulse as DWI is acquired.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.289-295
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• 2017

In general, a number of studies have been conducted on factors affecting breast cancer development, but systematic investigations of risk factors are rare. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors involved in breast cancer screening before breast ultrasound diagnosis and the risk factors associated with breast cancer screening by ultrasound. Self-administered questionnaire was performed on 417 patients who underwent breast ultrasonography and classified as benign and malignant. Breast cancer was associated with age, BMI, and type of medication(p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the odds ratio was 4.93 times higher in the 50s compared to the less than 50s, 2.43 times higher in the obese group than in the normal group, 0.14 times and 0.16 times lower in hormonal replacement therapy(p<0.05). Therefore, as age increases, periodical examination of health and appropriate weight management are needed. So this study is expected to provide basic data for identification of risk factors affecting breast cancer development.