• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.396-401
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was the development of adsorbents for the refining of edible oil using agricultural byproducts such as rice hull, barley hull, and soybean hull as well as evaluation of their adsorptive effects against free fatty acids and lutein, the major impurities of soybean oil. Ash-type and carbon-type adsorbents were produced from the hulls. Ash-type adsorbents such as rice hull ash (RHA), barley hull ash (BHA) and soybean hull ash (SHA) were effective for the removal of free fatty acids; the acid value of degummed soybean oil was decreased by 86% upon treatment with 5% SHA. However, carbon-type adsorbents such as rice hull carbon (RHC), barley hull carbon (BHC), and soybean hull carbon (SHC) were effective for removing lutein, resulting in a 52% decrease in the lutein content of degummed soybean oil upon treatment with 5% SHC. Whereas ash-type adsorbents were composed of mesopores or macropores with small surface areas and total pore volume, carbon-type adsorbents were mainly composed of micropores with large surface areas and total pore volume.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2005

To obtain basic data utilizing chestnuts as a raw food material, proximate analysis was conducted. Chemical component of chestnut flesh were $63.60\%$ moisture, $118\%$ ash, $3.02\%$ crude protein, $0.615\%$ crude fat, $1.21\%$ crude fiber, and $30.37\%$ nitrogen free extract, respectively. The weight ratio of tegmen, seed coat and flesh of chestnut sample were 17.05, 14.9, and $68.05\%$, respectively. The total amino acid contents of flesh and seed coat were $2,994\;mg\%$ and $1,450\;mg\%$, respectively. The total amount of free amino acids was less than that of total amino acids. As results of mineral analysis, the content of K was higher than that of any other minerals. The contents of maltose and sucrose were higher than those of fructose and glucose. The total polyphenol contents of tegmen, seed coat, fresh, leaf and bark were $9.56\;mg\%$, $0.047\;mg\%$, $0.23\;mg\%$, $15.44\;mg\%$ and $17.85\;mg\%$, respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2004

The study was conducted to investigate the tissue and chemical characteristics of rusty root epidermal cells. In histological study, the rusty symptoms were frequently observed in the epidermis of ginseng root and to be yellow under microscopic observation. Disks of the epidermal cell tissue of the rusty root were usually 2 and 3 times greater in the number of cell layer and thickness of cell wall than the healthy root, respectively. The color degree of methanol extracts from the rusty root epidermis was 5.5 times higher than that of the healthy root. And the extracts of rust matter in the root epidermis were easily dissolved in polar solvents compared to nonpolar solvents. UV-absorption spectra of methanol extracts in various fractions of phenolics showed a maximum peak between 275∼280 nm. The crude lipids and phenolic compounds such as acid insoluble bound phenolics, acid insoluble esterified phenolics, acid insoluble condensed phenolics, insoluble bound phenolics and free phenolics were also more in the rusty root epidermis than in the healthy one. Fe content in the rusty root epidermis was 2.7 times higher than that of healthy one. It was presumed that the phenolic compounds(precursor of the rusty) in association with lipid and iron in the root epidermis might defence the root when ginseng root was depressed by the unfavorable conditions in soil and/or portions of a root system were subjected to anoxic conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1419-1426
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• 2012

The heating and cooling energy load of the KNU plant factory was analyzed using the DesignBuilder. Indoor temperature set-point, LED supplemental lighting schedule, LED heat gain, and type of double skin window were selected as simulation parameters. For the cases without LED supplemental lighting, the proper growth temperature of lettuce $20^{\circ}C$ was selected as indoor temperature set-point together with $15^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. The annual heating and cooling loads which are required to maintain a constant indoor temperature were calculated for all the given temperatures. The cooling load was highest for $15^{\circ}C$ and heating load was highest for $25^{\circ}C$. For the cases with LED supplemental lighting, the heating load was decreased and the cooling load was 6 times higher than the case without LED. In addition, night time lighting schedule gave better result as compared to day time lighting schedule. To investigate the effect of window type on annual energy load, 5 different double skin window types were selected. As the U-value of double skin window decreases, the heating load decreases and the cooling load increases. To optimize the total energy consumption in the plant factory, it is required to set a proper indoor temperature for the selected plantation crop, to select a suitable window type depending on LED heat gain, and to apply passive and active energy saving technology.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.43-43
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• 2010

국내에 천연가스버스가 보급된 이래 5차례의 용기파열 사고가 발생하였는데 그중 2005년 8월 전주 덕진충전소에서 발생한 용기파열사고는 CNG용기의 라이너를 감싸고 있는 복합재료가 손상되어 발생한 사고로 보고되었다. 복합재료용기의 외피손상이 원인이 되어 발생한 사고사례는 해외에서 약 13건이 보고되었다. CNG용기 외피손상은 용기룰 고정하는 스트랩과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 용기고정이 불완전하면 슬립이 발생하고 이는 복합재의 손상으로 이어진다. 본 연구에서는 ISO 19078, CGA C6.4 등 국제코드의 규정을 고려하여 국내에서 제조된 Type 2, 3, 4 용기와 외국에서 생산된 Type 3 용기를 대상으로 결함깊이, 길이, 넓이에 따른 복합재료 결함 내구성시험을 수행하여 CNG용기의 내구성능을 평가하였고, 시험과 동일한 조건으로 복합재료 손상결함 조건을 컴퓨터로 전산모사하여 시험결과의 타당성과 유효성을 비교 검증하였다. 실험결과, Type 2 용기의 경우, 11,250회의 최소반복가압 회수를 충족하였으나 외피손상부와 반복가압에 따른 실제누출부위가 일치하지 않아 실험조건을 달리한 추가실험이 요구되었다. Type 3 용기의 경우에는 복합재 결함부위와 누수부위가 일치된 시험용기의 수는 67%정도로, 복합재료 용기의 수명을 저하시키는 원인으로 라이너와 외피손상이 서로 밀접한 관련이 있음을 확인하였다. Type 4 용기는 국제기준에서 요구하는 반복횟수를 만족하였고, 손상깊이 0.75mm와 1.25mm에서 반복가압회수가 60,000회 이상이 되어도 누설이 발생되지 않았다. 이는 라이너의 재질이 폴리머로서 균일한데다 탄소섬유 복합재료층 위에 유리섬유 복합재료 층이 1.5mm 정도 추가로 적층되어 있어서 3등급의 손상결함(결함깊이 1.25mm)에서도 구조 층이 전혀 손상되지 않은 것으로 판단되며, 이는 Type 2 용기의 강재라이너나 Type 3의 알루미늄 라이너와 비교하여 Type 4 용기의 폴리에틸렌 라이너의 물성이 반복성능이 탁월함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.61-63
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• 1995

우리나라 원예시설 면적은 현대화, 대형화 사업에 의해 매년 증가되고 있는 추세로 시설의 외피복재도 연질필름에서 유리, PC 등 경질판 피복재로 변화되어 가고 있다. 그러나, 아직도 원예시설의 외피복재는 연질필름이 대부분의 원예시설에 사용되고 있다. 이러한 연질필름의 피복재에 과한 충격강도, 인장, 인열, 신장율 등 물리적 기계적 성질이나 광투과성에 관한 연구가 미진한 실정에 있다. 특히, 시공시 피복재 인장파열, 신장변형 훼손, 충격에 의한 파손 등 뿐만아니라 투광율 등에 관한 많은 문제점이 노출되고 있어 이러한 문제점에 대한 검토가 절실하게 요구되고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.181-186
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• 2007

본 논문은 현재 국내 외적으로 널리 공급되고 있는 유리식(glass) 진공관형 태양열 집열기를 대체할 수 있는 비유리식(non-glass) 진공관형 태양열 집열기의 설계 및 제작에 관한 실험적 내용을 소개하고 있다. 비유리식 진공관형 태양열 집열기는 유리식에 비해 그 내구성이 탁월할 뿐 아니라 적용성도 뛰어나지만 비유리식 집열기는 유리식 집열기와 달리 외부공기 입자의 진공관 내부로의 확산을 억제하거나 그 내부의 진공도 유지를 위해 특수 설계를 하여야 하며 아울러 소재의 특성을 최대한 살릴 수 있는 응용 기술의 개발을 필요로 한다. 이를 위하여 진공관 내부의 일정한 진공도 유지를 위해 집열기와 별도로 설치된 Vacuum Chamber를 진공관과 튜브(vacuum connector)로 연결하여 진공관 내의 outgasing이 가능하도록 할 수도 있으며, 진공관 외피에 공기의 침투를 억제하기 위한 gas barrier coating을 고려할 수도 있다. 본 논문에서 소개하는 비유리식(non-glass) 진공관형 태양열 집열기는 기계, 화공, 재료 등 다양한 분야의 원천 기술을 복합적으로 적용한 것으로 기존의 유리식에 비해 설계 및 제작에 있어서 다소 복잡한 양상을 띠고 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.383-391
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• 2008

The effects of concrete strength on bond-slip behavior and the failure mechanisms of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar embedded in concrete under direct pullout were investigated in this study. Total of twenty seven specimens were prepared by placing two different types of GFRP bars and conventional steel rebar in 25 MPa, 55 MPa, and 75 MPa concrete and tested according to CSA S806-02. The test results showed that the bond strength of the GFRP rebars as well as the steel increased with the concrete strength. However, the increase in the bond strength with respect to the concrete strength was not as significant in the GFRP series as the steel, and it was attributed to the interlaminar failure mechanism observed in the GFRP test specimens.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.123-130
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• 2008

This study is about the Characteristic of glass outer skin expressions in space designs of contemporary society, due to the rapid development of information and digital technology. These days, the glass outer skin show the various images and space expressions which symbolize the informations and the society. The contemporary space designers focus on the glass as the structure materials, and purposely use the glass to achieve the structure concept which satisfies the needs of contemporary society. Therefore, it is a valuable work to analyze the meaning of glass, which has been used for the structure. Throughout the work which has been experienced by glass outer skin, theoretical studies have been achieved and recently the 14 examples were chosen as the glass structures based on the experimental research and frequency featured in magazines after year 2000, which we have analyzed in detail. Glass outer skin reflect the phrases of time in modern society, and throughout the meaning of it, we could see that the glass outer skin serve the roles in informations, interface, imaginary modernization, and as a landmark position. Therefore, in this study, we can make a definition of glass outer skin expression based on the situations of modem times by analyzing the symbolic meaning of glass outer skin in contemporary space designs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.311.1-311.1
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• 2013

건축물의 유리창을 통하여 유입되는 태양광을 조절하여 냉난방 부하를 절감하고자 사용하는 스마트 윈도우 필름(Electrochromic (EC), Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC), Suspended Particle Display (SPD))의 방식이 있다. 이러한 스마트 윈도우 필름은 건물 외피에 적용할 때 여름철 태양으로부터 유입되는 열선 차폐만을 목적으로 유리를 완전히 불투명하게 가려버리는 것은 맑고 투명해야하는 창호의 기본적인 용도를 무시한 단편적 기술로서, 스마트 윈도우 필름을 작동하여 투명하게 할 경우 외부에서 열선이 유입되는 문제를 가지고 있다. 스마트 윈도우 필름을 만들 때 필수적으로 사용하는 전극필름으로 플렉서블 기판에 투명 전도막이 형성됨과 동시에 적외선만을 선택적으로 차단하는 기능을 가지는 필름을 제조하여 단열 성능 실험을 실시하였다. 아울러, 스마트 필름의 다양한 적용을 위한 발열 실험도 실시하였다.