• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.231-235
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• 2000

The changes of calmodulin levels, calmodulin-binding proteins, and $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin-dependent glutamate decarboxylase during the growth of tobacco suspension cells were investigated. Tobacco cells exhibited a typical growth curve, including an exponential growth phase between 3 and 5 days after inoculation, and an apparent stationary phase occurring after 5 day. Although slight changes were observed from sample to sample, calmodulin protein levels remained similar during the phases of culture growth. Several $Ca^{2+}-dependent$ calmodulin-binding proteins including 56, 46, 36, and 32-kDa proteins were detected in tobacco cell extracts. The 56-kDa protein was identified as glutamate decarboxylase by Western-blot analysis using an anti-GAD monoclonal antibody. The levels of GAD protein and the specific activity of GAD enzyme were highest during the middle exponential phase of the culture growth cycle. These data suggest that $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin-dependent glutamate decarboxylase is modulated during the growth of tobacco suspension cells.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.33-42
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• 2010

The induction motor drive applied to field oriented control is widely used in industry applications. However, it is deceased performance and authenticity by saturation, temperature changing, disturbance and parameters changing because modeling of induction motor is nonlinear and complex. In order to control variable speed operation, conventional PI-like controllers are commonly used. These controllers provide limited good performance over a wide range of operation, even under ideal field oriented conditions. This paper proposes self tuning PI controller based on fuzzy-neural network(FNN)-PI controller that is implemented using fuzzy control, neural network, and adaptive fuzzy controller(AFC). Also, this paper proposes estimation of speed using ANN. The proposed control algorithm is applied to induction motor drive system using FNN-PI, AFC and ANN controller. Also, this paper proposes the anlysis results to verify the effectiveness of controller.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2004

Electric cables such as multi-interphone cables and ribbon cab]os are commonly used for data aquisition in the DC resistivity survey. In general, electromagnetic induction may occur in the electric cables when electric current flows through them. In case of using multi-interphone cables in the DC resistivity survey, electromagnetic induction could take place due to the entangled wires of the multi-interphone cables, when the current flows through them. Then, the electromagnetic induction may cause measured DC resistivity data to be distorted. In this study, a monitoring system with PXI (PCI Extention for Instrumentation) was constructed to examine signal distortion on the DC resistivity data, attributed to the electromagnetic induction. Common electric cables used in the DC resistivity survey were tested to observe the waveforms of the electric voltages. The waveforms measured were compared to examine signal distortion due to the electromagnetic induction. The results may provide information on the resistivity data obtained using different electric cables in the DC resistivity survey. The distortion of waveforms attributed to the electromagnetic induction wat not observed when using ribbon cables for DC resistivity data aquisition, while the distortion were observed when using multi-interphone. Therefore, the ribbon cables provide better quality of data than other cables in the DC resistivity data aquisition.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• v.9
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• pp.338-342
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• 1999

We simulated the current limiting characteristics of resistive and inductive SFCLs with 100 ${\omega}$ of impedances for a single and double line-to-ground faults in the 154 kV grid between two substations nearby Seoul. The transient current at the faults includes not. only high AC current up to 44 kA but also significant DC component as high as 4 kA. The DC current is greater and lasts longer for the double line-to-ground fault than for the single line-to-ground fault. The inductive SFCL limited the fault current more effectively than the resistive one. The DC component, however, was greater and diminishes slower for the inductive SFCL than for the resistive one.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.350-354
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• 1985

For the purpose of studying the possibility to use the barley as a raw material in vinegar manufacturing process, several factors related to the fermentation of acetic acid were investigated. The optimum quantity of sweet liquor prepared by koji method in medium was 30-40%. When koji of A. oryzae, commercial enzyme products and malt were used for the saccharification of the barley, the production rates of acetic acid during log period were 0.056%/hr, 0.025%/hr, 0.03896/hr and lag period were 22 hours, 48.5 hours and 25 hours, respectively. These results indicate that the saccharifying method using koji of A. oryzae is superior to that by the commercial enzyme products or malt for the acetic acid fementation. The optimum initial acidity was 2% and the proper initial ethanol degree were 4-6% in metium. In a submerged culture process using a jar fermentor, lag period was 15 hours, and acetic acid fermetation period was about 45 hours. In the sensory test of barley vinegar and commercial vinegar of the market, barley vinegar was superior to the vinegar in market with respect to tastes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.224-224
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• 1994

N-arylsulfonylimidazolenes를 항암효과가 우수한 화합물로 설정하여 이들 유도체를 합성하고 이들의 세포독성을 측정한바 있다. 그 이유는 2번 위치의 alkoxy기에 의하여 alkylating agent로서 작용할 수 있다는 개념과 생체 반응 후 생성될 것으로 예상되는 N-arylsulfonylimidazolidinone이 sulofenur와 유사한 작용을 갖을 것으로 기대 되었기 때문이다. 이에따라 N-arylsulfonylimidazolidinone 유도체의 항암효과의 측정이 관심의 대상이 됨에 따라 이들 유도체를 합성하고 이들의 세포독성을 관찰함으로써N-arylsulfonylimidazolidinone 유도체들의 구조 활성 상관관계를 관찰하고자 하였다. 합성은 출발물질을 N-arylsulfonyl-2-alkoxyimidazoline에서 시작 몇단계를 거쳐 목적하는 화합물을 합성 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.324-332
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• 2016

In this paper, the terminal homing loop with a IIR-type strapdown seeker and a roll rate gyroscope is proposed. Basically, the proposed homing loop is based on the look-angle-control guidance. Since the range of the seeker is strictly limited, the missile is delivered to a point to lock the target on the seeker via non-guided flight during the midcourse guidance. The non-standard firing table is developed to compensate the wind and the target movement. To secure the delay margin is very important to prevent the instability of the homing loop when the time delay of the seeker is included. To validate the proposed homing loop, the 6-DOF nonlinear simulation is performed, and the Monte-Carlo simulation is also done for checking the robustness for the various kinds of uncertainty.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2017

6-DOF flight simulation program is most generally used M&S tool in domestic missile development procedure. The 6-DOF M&S method, however, cannot validate the performance of a imaging seeker-adopted missile in various conditions. A M&S tool for the analysis of the integrated-flight simulation is required since the tracking performance of the imaging seeker is highly dependent on the missile maneuvering, which introduces the displacement and rotation of the target in the seeker imagery. Through the development of the $3^{rd}$ generation anti-tank missile, Raybolt, the integrated-flight M&S tool was developed and applied to the missile configuration design. It integrates synthetic image generation S/W, imaging tracker, and flight simulation program and computes the main system performance criteria, hit probability by Monte-Carlo Simulation. In this paper, the issues in the $3^{rd}$ generation anti-tank missile configuration and the integrated-flight M&S method and results are described.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.743-747
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• 2003

Tests show that the growth of lactic bacteria in kimchi varies according to the type and concentration of salt used. Weissella confusa, the early stage bacteria in kimchi fermentation, increased sharply after 5 hr of induction with 3% light salt and refined salt. However, the induction period lengthened to 12 hr with 3% sea salt and bamboo salt. Lactobacillus delbrueckii ss lactis and L. pentosus which grow in the middle stage of fermentation, and L. hamsteri, which grows at the end stage of fermentation, were found after 12 hr of induction with 3% salt of all kinds. When 5% light salt was added to the culture medium, the induction period of bacteria other than W. confusa lengthens to 12 hr. The trend is similar for sea salt, bamboo salt, and refined salt, with a higher NaCl concentration resulting in less growth. W. confusa showed salt tolerance, but L. hamsteri was affected by the type and concentration of salt. With 5% sea salt, bamboo salt, and refined salt, the growth of bacteria was inhibited by up to 24 hr.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.1002-1009
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• 2009

Precision guidance filter design for a tactical missile with a strapdown seeker aided by low-cost strapdown sensors has been addressed in this paper. The low-cost strapdown sensors consist of an IMU with 3-axis accelerometers and gyroscopes, 3-axis magnetometers, and a barometer. Missile's position, velocity, attitude, and bias error of the barometer are considered as state variables. Since the state and measurement equations are highly nonlinear, we adopt UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter). The proposed guidance filter has a function of a navigation filter if target position error is not considered. In the case that the target position error is introduced, the proposed filter can effectively estimate the relative states of the missile to the true target. For specific engagement scenarios, we can observe that observability problems occur.