• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.433-440
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• 2006

A HPLC/UV method was developed and validated for the rapid and simultaneous determination of urinary metabolites of organic solvents, mandelic acid, hippuric acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, ortho-, meta- and para-methylhippuric acid, using a monolithic column. The mobile phase was composed of tetrabutylammonium bromide as ion-pairing reagent with a flow rate of 2.4 mL/min. The total run time was less than 2.5 min for all six analytes. Good linearities were obtained for all the metabolites with correlation coefficients above 0.9993. Intra-day precision, accuracy and inter-day precision was 0.01~7.32%, 83.9~116.3% and 0.01~7.16%, respectively. The method was validated and confirmed by quantification of the quality assurance samples of Industrial Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.286-292
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• 2008

This study was conducted to analyze and determine the formation potential of chlorination DBPs from seven urinary compounds with or without Br$^-$. Three of seven components were kynurenine, indole and uracil that were relatively shown high the formation potential of chlorination DBPs concentrations. The reported results of THMs/DOC with or without Br$^-$ in kynurenine showed that THMs/DOC was detected 86.9 $\mu$g/mg when Br$^-$ was not added, and THMs/DOC was detected 100.8 $\mu$g/mg when Br$^-$ was presented. In indole, THMs/DOC was increased from 6.58 $\mu$g/mg to 31.4 $\mu$g/mg when Br$^-$ was added. Moreover, among them, the highest, second-highest and third-highest HAAs/DOC were shown in kynurenine, uracil and indole respectively. Specially, HAAs/DOC was significantly deceased in kynurenine and indole when Br$^-$ was presented. This was a totally different phenomenon for THMs/DOC. TCAA was dominated in HAAs for kynurenine and indole, and DCAA was also dominated in HAAs for uracil. The highest formation of HANs/DOC was shown in kynurenine whether or not Br$^-$ presented, and DCAN was predominant in HANs. HANs was not formed by chlorination in uracil. In addition, the formation of CH/DOC was relatively low in kynurenine and indole. The formation of CH/DOC was specially high(1,270 $\mu$g/mg) in uracil when Br$^-$ was not added. The formation of CH/DOC was 1,027 $\mu$g/mg in uracil when Br$^-$ was added. The formations of THMs and HAAs were also investigated in kynurenine, indole and uracil when Br$^-$ was presented or not. The formation of THMs/DOC was higher in kynurenine and indole when Br$^-$ was presented. The formation of HAAs/DOC was reduced in kynurenine when Br$^-$ was added. The result could be attributed to higher formation of THMs/DOC in kynurenine when Br$^-$ was added. The formation of HAAs/DOC was also reduced in indole when Br$^-$ was added. To the contrary, this result was not attributed to higher formation of THMs/DOC in indole when Br$^-$ was added.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 1971

Since ${\beta}-aminoethylphosphonic$ acid was discovered in the living organism, the biosynthesis and biological function of aminophosphonic acids have been extensively studied. The purpose of this project consists in the two parts: 1)the preparation of DL-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid (Phenylalanine aminophosphonic acid) and DL-1-amino-3-methylbutyl-phosphonic acid (Isoleucine aminophosphonic acid) by the method of Chamber and Isbell. 2) the study of metabolism and biological functions of those synthetic materials by the animal experiment (white rats) The importance of this project proved to be the first experience fed by animals for the elucidation of biochemical and metabolic functions in the animal body. The following organic synthesis of DL-1-amino-3-methylbutylphosphonic acid and DL-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid are studied. 1)Synthesis of DL-1-amino-3-methylbutylphosphonic acid a) Synthesis of Iso-butylbromide b) Synthesis of Ethyl iso-butylmalonate c) Synthesis of Iso-caproic acid d) Synthesis of $Ethyl-{\alpha}-bromo$ iso-caproate e) Synthesis of $Triethyl-{\alpha}-phosphono$ iso-caproate f) Synthesis of DL-1-amino-3-methylbutylphosphonic acid 2)Synthesis of DL-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid a) Synthesis of Diethyl phosphite b) Synthesis of Ethylchloro acetate c) Synthesis of Triethyl phospho acetate d) Synthesis of Triethyl benzyl phospho acetate e) Synthesis of DL-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid The synthetic compounds; DL-1-amino-3-methylbutylphosphonic acid and DL-1-amino-2-phenyl ethylphosphonic acid which are essential amino acid (isoleucine, phenylalanine)analogue are supplemented to the animal diet at the level of 0.2% and 0.4% for isoleucine analogue and 0.35% and 0.7% for phenylalanine analogue. The plain isoleucine and phenylalanine at the same level in the diet are fercilitated as comparable groups in this study. Two sets of experience including 100 male rats were carried out for seven weeks each total 14 weeks. During this period, urine samples, and each big organs were collected for the analysis of total nitrogen, phosphorus, and glycogen contents in the individual samples by Micro Kjeldahl Fisk & Subbarow and Nelson Somogye, method. 1) The result of the project a) The yield of DL-1-amino-3-methylbutylphosphonic acid and DL-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid showed low tendency at the level of 12.5% and 20% Melting point of those two compounds were very high and the ${\alpha}-amino$ group in the synthetic compounds showed positive reaction with ninhydrin in the violet color. b) Ail the experimental groups included in this study revealed statistically no significant difference in the organ weight, total body nitrogen retention and urinary phosphorus excretion This means isoleucine aminophosphonic acid and Phenylalanine aminophosphonic acid were utilized in the body as much as the plain amino acids, isoleucine and phenylalanine did. c) The glycogen contents in the liver of the phenylalaine aminophosphonic acid gruop showed higher statistically significant(p<0.05) in the comparision with the group of the Phenylalanine and the Standard-2. It was noteworthy that the higher glycogen content in the liver might indicate the significance in the incorporation of phenylalanine aminophosphonic acid into the intermediate of tricarboxylic acid cycle as activated state.