• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.164-165
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• 2003

환경 중 오염물질 중에는 발암물질로 판명된 물질이 수 종 포함되어 있으며, 여러 선진국에서는 방대한 연구를 통하여 오염수준을 파악하고, 위해성 평가에 근거한 관리대책을 펴가고 있다. 하지만 여러 선진국에서는 이러한 인체 위해성 평가결과만을 사용하여 환경 정책을 결정하기에는 그 결과가 반영하는 시야(scope)가 협소함을 느끼고, 다양한 측면(생태, 사회ㆍ경제, 삶의 질 등)을 함께 고려해야한다고 강조하고 있다. 이 중 인체 위해성 평가 결과를 경제성 평가와 더불어 화폐가치화 하는 연구는 정책 결정자들과 일반인들에게 위해성 평가 결과를 쉽게 인지시키고, 비교를 더욱 편이하게 할 수 있다는 장점이 있으며, 현재 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.135-159
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• 2014

Industrial insect is defined as the insect utilized in industries that creates added value. Most of the industrial insects used in Korea are exotic species that are introduced through artificial means. Despite the rapid expansion of market for industrial insects, the system for risk assessment of industrial insects is not being adequately conducted. Although Korea carries out a risk assessment for the species designated as disease and insect pest by Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, far too little consideration is being given to overall ecosystem, as the control system is covered in the Plant Quarantine Law. To solve this problem, we analyzed the Korean risk assessment system and looked at systems in other countries. The results show that it is essential for stakeholders to reach an agreement to set up fundamental directions for the system. Unless the integration system of taxonomical and ecological information is prepared, the ecological risk assessment should be conservative to protect ecosystems and should also follow the precautionary principle. It also requires cooperation among the ministries. In addition, the results indicated that a differentiation between risk assessment and screening is urgent. Several solutions such as setting up clear objectives in both assessment and screening stages, target species, steering organization and assessment criteria assessment systems from were proposed as practical institutional strategies. Among many foreign countries the assessment system from Ireland equally considers various factors such as economical, ecological safety and management aspects, It is also based on precautionary principle to fulfil its original purpose. It was suggested that the Ireland system would be the best reference that can be modified and applied into the Korean system by considering distinct characteristics of the industrial insects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2000

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-40
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• 2013

A project of developing marine environmental risk assesment and management technology was proposed to improve the level of marine environmental management research. This paper attempts to measure the non-market benefits of the project. To this end, the dichotomous choice contingent valuation method is used. In particular, recently proposed one and one-half bounded model is applied. The model can reduce the potential for response bias comparing to the double bounded model while maintaining much of its efficiency. Moreover, in order to deal with zero WTP observations, a spike model is adjusted for our data. A survey of randomly selected 600 households was implemented and the respondents were asked in person-to-person interviews about how they would be willing to pay for implementing the project. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to contribute a significant amount (2,663 won), on average, per household per year. The aggregate value of the project in the nation amounts to approximately 46.3 billion won per year. The figure 2.16 of cost-benefit ratio shows that economic validity of this technical development.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.122-122
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• 2019

가뭄위험도(Drought Risk)는 위해성(Hazard), 취약성(Vulnerability), 민감도(Sensitivity) 및 적응능력(Adaptive Capacity) 등 여러 가지의 지표를 활용하여 평가가 가능하다. 가용한 자료와 분석기법에 따라서 위해성과 취약성만으로도 평가가 가능하며, 유역내의 가용한 수자원인프라에 의한 적응능력을 포함하여 평가할 수도 있다. 본 연구에서는 미래 가뭄위험도를 평가하기 위하여 기후학적 인자인 가뭄 위해성과 사회 경제적 인자인 취약성 인자 그리고 유역내의 수자원 인프라시설(용수공급 시설)에 의한 적응능력과 관련된 지표를 조합하였다. 특히, 물수요와 공급가능량을 고려한 물수지분석을 통하여 미래 용수공급 안정성을 평가하였으며 다양한 기후변화 시나리오 기반 가뭄 위해성 인자를 Rating 기법을 활용하여 산정하였으며, 취약성의 경우 인구밀도, 농경지 면적 등의 민감도와 적응능력을 동시에 고려할 수 있는 용수 부족량을 시나리오별로 산정하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 도출된 한반도의 미래 가뭄위험도 평가 결과는 유역별 가뭄대책을 수립하기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2023

During the past few decades, toxicity science is shifting from observative to predictive science. New approach methodologies (NAMs), including in chemico, in silico, in vitro approach, gain attention to reduce, refine, replace the whole animal toxicity testing. However, actual acceptances of NAMs in regulatory decision-making have been limited due to low confidence. To address the current constraints, Accelerating the Pace of Chemical Risk Assessment (APCRA) initiative conducted several case studies and presented the perspectives of next generation risk assessment (NGRA). In this review, we suggested a concept and perspectives of NGRA through analysis on APCRA case studies.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2013

This study was performed in order to assess the risk of pesticide operator in korean rice paddy. The amount of exposure was calculated based on the informations of 48 kind of items that are used the form of a spraying in korean rice paddy. The risks of these pesticides were assessed to compare the exposure dosage with AOEL (acceptable operator exposure level) which was released form developed countries. When the operator spraying pesticides using motor sprayer, 17 items showed the risk for operator if the operator have not worn the personal protective equipment (PPE), and 6 items showed the risk for operator if the operator have worn the PPE. These result were indicated that the risk of pesticide operator was very high in korean rice paddy.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.57-62
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• 2010

본 연구는 자유수면형 인공습지에서의 시기적인 중금속 제거율의 변동을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 대상 인공습지의 유입수는 하수처리수가 포함된 하천수이다. 인공습지에는 갈대 (Phragmites australis)와 부들 (Typha latifolia)이 주로 분포하며, 이들 두 종은 습지의 95 % 이상을 차지하는 우점종이다. 2009년 5월부터 9월까지 습지의 유입과 유출부분에서 유입수와 유출수를 시료 채취하였다. 채취된 시료는 ICP-AES 방법을 이용하여 6가지 중금속을 분석하였으며, 위해성 평가를 이용하여 카드뮴 (Cd), 크롬 ($Cr^{+6}$), 비소 (As), 납 (Pb), 니켈 (Ni), 구리 (Cu)의 분석 결과를 평가하였다. 위해성평가는 농부와 레크리에이션에 대한 두가지 시나리오를 바탕으로 이루어졌다. 연평균 중금속 제거율은 계절적인 변화 측면에서 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 위해성 평가 결과 시료가 채취된 부분 및 계절적인 변화 대부분에서 US EPA의 기준인 $10^{-4}$를 초과하지 않는 수준으로 허용가능한 수준이었다. 하지만, 봄철 농부에 대한 위해성평가 결과 위해도가 $10^{-4}$ 수준이며, $10^{-6}-10^{-8}$ 수준은 질병의 이동이 우려되는 수준 (US EPA)임을 감안하여, 인공습지에 중금속 농도 저감 시설의 설치를 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 위해성 평가를 가상의 시나리오에 적용하여 평가를 시도함으로서, 수치적인 자료로 제시할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 중금속의 정량적인 평가를 수행할 수 있었다. 따라서 위해성 평가는 인공습지의 안전성에 대하여 대중과 소통할 수 있는 도구로서 이용할 수 있으며, 인공습지의 효율적인 운영 및 현장 적용에 있어서 스크리닝 도구로서의 역할이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.321-333
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• 2022

In this study, the concentration and distribution characteristics of BTEX (benzene toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) emitted from Daesan Petrochemical Industrial Complex were examined to determine their potential hazards to local residents. Residents living nearby the complex areas may be exposed to the chemicals through various media (air, water, and soil), especially by air. This study evaluated human health risks by inhalation using both deterministic and probabilistic risk assessment approaches. As a result of the deterministic risk assessment, the non-cancer risk was much lower than the regulation limit of hazard index (HI 1.0) for all the points. However, in case of cancer risk evaluation, it was found that the risk of excess cancer for benzene at point A located in the industrial complex was 2.28×10^-6, which slightly exceeded the standard regulatory limit of 1.0×10^-6. In addition, the probabilistic risk assessment revealed that the percentile exceeding the standard of 1.0×10^-6was found to be 45.3%. The sensitivity analysis showed that exposure time (ET) had the greatest impact on the results. Based on the risk assessment study, it implied that ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylene had little adverse effects on potential human exposure, but benzene often exceeded the cancer risk standard (1.0×10^-6). Further studies on extensive VOCs monitoring are needed to evaluate the potential risks of industrial complex areas.

• Bulletin of Korea Environmental Preservation Association
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• v.11 no.17
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• pp.24-25
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• 1989