• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Recently, the automotive technology has developed with electronics and information technology as convergence technology while vehicles had been regarded as machines. Moreover, vehicles are becoming more intelligent and safer devices, assembly of advanced technologies by customers' demand. Even though all of installations of vehicle have attracted as diverting devices, it cause drivers' mistakes like delay of response on traffic condition. Here, we proposed the Field Operational Test (FOT) environment which could be used as driving and road conditions collector(Vehicle motion, Traffic condition, Driver input, Driver state, etc.) for researches about Driver Friendly Intelligent System(SCC, LDWS, etc.), Human Vehicle Interface(Driving Workload, etc.) and Economic Drive Model. Furthermore driving patten and fuel consumption patten of drivers were analyzed by measured data and direction of future research was suggested.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.201-207
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• 1995

ITS는 자동차, 운전자, 도로, 교통제어 시스템을 첨단 통신, 전자, 컴퓨터기술 등으로 묶는 종합 교통자동화 체계이다. 차세대 교통 시스템인 ITS는 교통혼잡을 덜고, 사고를 줄이며, 오염을 줄이고, 에너지를 더욱 효율적으로 이용하는 등의 결과를 가져올 것으로 기대되고 있다. 선진 각국에서는 ITS(Intelligent Transportation Systems; 미국), ATT(Advanced Transport Telemetics; 유럽), SSVS(Super Smart Vehicle Systems; 일본)등의 이름으로 막대한 예산을 투입 하여 ITS의 실현을 위한 연구 및 인프라 구축 중이며, 우리 나라에서도 사회간접자본 투자기획단 ( SOC)을 통해 기획중이고 정부 5개 부처 공동으로 추진될 예정이며, G7과제 후보로 올라 있다. 인간공학은 ITS실현을 위한 주요 요소기술로 인식되고 있다. ITS는 궁극적으로 운전자의 workload 를 덜어줄 것으로 예상되지만, user-oriented된 인터페이스의 설계가 뒷바침되지 않으면, 과부하, 혼동, 사고 등으로 이어져 ITS의 정착에 심각한 장해요인으로 작용할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 미국의 ITS를 중심으로 그 sub-systems들과 그에 해당하는 인간공학적 고려사항들 그리고 ITS초기 단계에서 시급히 풀어나가야 할 인간공학적 과제에 대하여 논의하고자 한다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.257-265
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• 2006

다양한 정보기기들의 복합화 형태로 진화하는 차세대 텔레매틱스 시스템에서는 운전자의 안정성 확보와 workload 감소가 중요한 이슈로 대두되어 Interface의 단순화, GUI Interaction의 극복 등의 대한 문제해결이 중요시 되고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 사용자의 mental model를 고려한 운전자의 자유로운 navigation을 지원할 eyes-free 기술인 haptic interface를 지원하는 모델 개발을 목표로 기존 haptic interface를 지원하는 기기들의 문제점을 도출하고 차세대 텔레매틱스 시스템의 분석을 통해 기능적 요구사항을 정의하였다. 이를 기반으로 사용자에게 haptic interface를 통한 interaction을 제공함으로써 차세대 텔레매틱스 시스템을 지원하는 conceptual model을 개발하였다. 또한 haptic device design시에 고려되는 평가지표들을 선별하여 평가지표의 계층적 구조도를 작성한 후 AHP평가 모델을 개발하여 haptic device design 시의 중요 고려사항을 도출하고 중요도를 산정하여 초기 design 단계에서의 prototype에 대한 객관적이고 정량적인 평가를 제공하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.474-481
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• 2019

Korea entered the aged society in 2018 with the elderly population accounting for 14.4% of the total population, and it is expected to enter the super-aged society in 2026. In particular, it is predicted that by 2050, the elderly population will be 38% of the total population, making it one of the countries with the highest number of elderly people in the world. The increase in the elderly population is naturally leading to an increase in the number of traffic accidents among elderly drivers, in 2017, there were 26,713 elderly driver accidents over 65 years of age, with 848 people dying and 38,627 injured. Compared with 2011, the number of accidents and injuries has doubled and the number of deaths has increased 1.4 times. This study determined that the main factors of the increase in traffic accidents were the characteristics of elderly drivers, such as a decrease in visual/hearing ability, cognitive and information processing ability, and muscle strength. Therefore, it raised the necessity of autonomous vehicle(level 2) for elderly driver who can minimize the burden of driving and aimed to study the function of autonomous vehicle for elderly driver who is not familiar with new technology. Based on this, four functions of autonomous vehicles for elderly drivers were derived, such as providing clear information according to the road environment, considering physical characteristics of drivers, simplifying interface, and reinforcing in-vehicle safety devices.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.8C
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• pp.711-720
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• 2012

In this paper, we introduce the implementation of driver fatigue monitering system and its result. Input video device is selected commercially available web-cam camera. Haar transform is used to face detection and adopted illumination normalization is used for arbitrary illumination conditions. Facial image through illumination normalization is extracted using Haar face features easily. Eye candidate area through illumination normalization can be reduced by anthropometric measurement and eye detection is performed by PCA and Circle Mask mixture model. This methods achieve robust eye detection on arbitrary illumination changing conditions. Drowsiness state is determined by the level on illumination normalize eye images by a simple calculation. Our system alarms and operates seatbelt on vibration through controller area network(CAN) when the driver's doze level is detected. Our algorithm is implemented with low computation complexity and high recognition rate. We achieve 97% of correct detection rate through in-car environment experiments.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.368-375
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• 2014

Brain computer interface(BCI) technology has been continuously developed due to the continuous development of interface technology and the promotion of brain wave research. In this paper, we propose a driving habit management system by adopting BCI to transportation. The proposed system consists of the electroencephalogram(EEG) measuring unit, the EEG analysis unit, the memory section for storing the state information of drivers, the speed controller unit and the alarming section for generating warnings. Our proposed system can reduce the drowsy driving, improve the driving habits of users and help to prevent traffic accidents.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.668-676
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• 2016

The accelerated convergence of automobiles and ICT has led to an increase in in-vehicle electronic devices designed to enhance the safety and convenience of drivers. Consequently, the information presentation on in-vehicle display systems for drivers and passengers need to be taken into account in order to guarantee driving stability while satisfying the needs of UX-based design users. This study compared and evaluated requirements for information items shown on in-vehicle displays regarding driving safety and convenience by groups according to driving career. A total of 38 information items related to safety and convenience that can be displayed while driving and pulling over were collected. Their level of necessity was tested and evaluated by 234 drivers. Using the results, we conducted a comparative analysis on the requirements for information presentation on in-vehicle display systems by groups according to driving career.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.70-72
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• 2013

시선추적 인터페이스는 다른 감각기관에 비해 빠른 반응속도를 보이므로 효과적인 인터랙션 수단으로 활용가능하며, 이를 통해 사용자 경험을 향상시킬 수 있다. 따라서 시선추적 기술은 장애인 안구마우스, 운전자 시선정보 분석, 광고 효과 모니터링, 차세대 게임 등 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 시선추적 인터페이스의 정확도를 향상시키기 위한 기술을 소개한다. 실제 사용자를 대상으로 시선추적을 수행할 때 눈꺼풀로 인한 동공 가림 현상이 자주 발생하며, 각막반사광으로 인한 동공 경계 왜곡 현상이 발생하기도 한다. 이로 인해 동공 중심이 왜곡되어 시선위치에 오류가 발생한다. 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위해 눈꺼풀 및 각막반사광으로 인한 왜곡 현상을 보정하여 동공 중심을 검출하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2000

The more the function of Car Navigation System (CNS) is getting more various and high-grade, the more functions are necessary for a user to use simply and dearly from a user. But now the using CNS's a using circumstances is not satisfied with these requirements. In this paper, author analyzed the using circumstances composed of CNS to improve these problems and the function of a competitive company's products, extracted the necessary functions. Then author analyzed objected model and dynamic model by the objective modeling centering around Hyundai Electronic Company's HNK-1 COLD model mounted Hyundai Motor Company Equus vehide. In the Hyundai Electronic Company's HNK-1COLD model mounted Hyundai Motor Company Equus vehide, author analyzed the mental model of user used observation method the user behavior by taking video, and then studied all the functions and restructured the information structure, finally present the interface guide line of a user of CNS.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

With the appearance of self-driving cars and electric cars, the automobile industry is rapidly changing. In the midst of these changes, HMI studies are becoming more important as to how the driver obtains safety and convenience with controlling the vehicle. This study sought to understand how automobile manufacturers understand the driving situation, and how they define and limit driver interaction. For this, prior studies about HMI were reviewed and 15 participants performed an on-road study to drive vehicles from five manufacturers with using their interfaces. The results of the study confirmed that buttons and switches that are easily controlled by the user while driving were different from manufacturer to manufacturer. And there are some buttons that are more intensively controlled and others that are difficult to control while driving. It was able to derive 'selection and concentration' from Audi's vehicle, 'optimization of the driving ' from BMW's, 'simple and minimize' from Benz's vehicle, 'remove the manual distraction' from the vehicle of Lexus, and 'visual stability' from KIA's vehicle as the distinctive keywords for the HMI. This shows that each manufacturer has a different definition and interpretation of the driver's driving control area. This study has a distinct value in that it has identified the characteristics of vehicle-specific HMI in actual driving conditions, which is not apparent in appearance. It is expected that this research approach can be useful to see differences in interaction through actual driving despite changes in driving environment such as vehicle platooning and self-driving technology.