• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.5-23
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of performance measurement tools based on the nursing process for prevention and management of pressure ulcers, falls and pain. Methods: The performance measurement tools were reviewed by a panel of experts and refined on the basis of the panel's suggestions. The validity of the performance measurement tools was measured by surveying hospital nurses. The reliability of these tools was tested by having nursing experts use the tools in five nursing units to assess nursing performance in prevention and management of pressure ulcers, falls and pain. Results: The performance measurement tools in this study were found to be acceptable as tools to evaluate quality of nursing care in pressure ulcers, falls and pain. The reliability of the performance measurement tools was acceptable. Conclusion: These results indicate that the performance measurement tools developed in this study are valid and reliable instruments to monitor and improve quality of nursing care in prevention and management of pressure ulcers, falls and pain.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.133-147
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to construct evidence based clinical guidelines and to develop nursing process based performance measures for prevention and management of pressure ulcers, falls and pain. Method: Clinical guidelines were drafted through a comprehensive review of relevant literature, national guidelines and hospital protocols. The proposed guidelines were reviewed by a panel of experts and 90 hospital nurses, and refined on the basis of their suggestions. Nursing process based performance measures were developed based on the clinical guidelines and content validity was examined by surveys from 90 hospital nurses. Results: All items, except timetable for position change and pressure ulcer nursing record, in the guidelines for prevention and management of pressure ulcer were appropriate. Most items, except fall risk assessment tools, were appropriate for the guidelines of fall prevention. All other items, except the purpose of pain management, were appropriate for the guidelines of pain management. Performance measures developed in this study were acceptable as a tool to evaluate quality of nursing care. Conclusion: Nursing process based performance measures provide important indicators to monitor whether necessary nursing care is implemented and can be used as the primary resources to improve quality of nursing services.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1974_1975
• /
• 2009

The chairbound, handicapped person often requires a cushion to distribute the supportive forces over the largest area possible in order to reduce the risk of the development of a pressure sore. Pressure sores are areas of damaged skin caused by staying in one position for too long and can cause serious infections, some of which are life-threatening. When sitting upright, the greatest proportion of body weight is centerd over the ischial tuberosities. So, it is important that comfortable seating and largest distribution of pressure to prevent pressure sores. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop the physical pressure measurement device and orthodontic chair to prevent pressure sores.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.619-625
• /
• 2023

본 논문에서는 다수의 체압 센서가 내장된 의료용 침대의 원격 케어에 관해 기술한다. 낙상은 환자의 안전을 심각하게 위협하고 건강을 해치는 요인중의 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 이를 극복하기 위해 새로운 침대가 개발하였다. 침대 시스템은 동작이 가능한 건반, 건반의 동작을 관리하는 건반 제어기, 체압을 측정하는 센서, 센서의 값을 송수신하는 센서 제어기, 이를 확인하여 알고리즘에 따라 자동 혹은 수동으로 동작하게 하는 메인 제어기, 이 모든 정보를 총괄하는 서버로 이루어져 있다. 침대 시스템은 센서를 통해 환자의 위치를 확인하여 환자가 낙상의 위험이 있다고 판단하게 되면 메인 제어기를 통해 무선으로 서버에 경고를 보내 간호인 혹은 간호사가 환자의 위험한 상태를 인지할 수 있도록 한다. 서버는 유무선 단말에서 송신된 상태 데이터를 전송받아 침대 시스템이 정상적으로 동작하고 있는지 모니터링할 수 있다. 건반의 제어기는 건반형 메커니즘을 구동하고 체압 센서가 연결된 욕창 예방 제어를 자동으로 행하여 환자의 압력이 가해지는 부위를 물리적으로 분리해 욕창을 예방한다. 메인 제어기는 환자의 침상 존재를 확인하여 서버에 전송한다. 결론적으로 제안된 시스템은 사용자의 상태를 스마트 모니터링하고 원격 케어를 행할 수 있게 된다.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.639-646
• /
• 2010

The APAM's quantitative effectiveness and comparative study in preventing and treating pressure ulcer has not been sufficiently evaluated mainly because of uncertainty of pressure load input and lack of interpretation of dynamic perfusion recovery characteristics of soft tissue. The purpose of this paper was to quantify and analyze the alternating pressure characteristics of APAM as a preventive measure for pressure ulcers. To quantify the alternating load to human body, we introduced alternating pressure profile concept and developed parametric model of the profile. Regarding pressure level and cycle time, 3 global and 7 local periodic parameters were used to define the profile such as light, standard, typical and heavy duty profile shape. Pressure impulse ratio of light duty is the lowest but pressure fluctuation is significantly high. For the same duty shape, contact conditions are changed with alternating cycle time and more dramatically in shorter alternating cycle time conditions. We can conclude that if we use shorter alternating cycle time on APAM's operation we can get more positive effects regarding to inflated contact time condition. We proposed the quantitative methods on tissue viability study of external loading by simultaneous measurement of interface pressure and tissue perfusion with proper alternating pressure profile conditions.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.256-263
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to examine the prophylactic effect of transparent film dressing on the sacrum and coccyx sites to reduce pressure ulcers. Methods: The participants were 317 patients admitted to an SICU in Seoul, Korea. Of the patients, 175 were assigned to the experimental group and 142 to the control group. For participants in the experimental group, a prophylactic transparent film dressing was applied on the sacrum and coccyx. The control group received the usual care. The nurses checked for pressure ulcers on the sacrum and coccyx at least once every duty. When pressure ulcer occurred, it reported on the record form. The results were analyzed using Poisson and Hierarchical logistic regression. Results: The prevalence and risk of pressure ulcer was lower in the experimental group compared to the control group but the difference was not significant. The ICU length of stay was significantly associated with pressure ulcer risk. Conclusion: Findings indicate that prophylactic transparent film dressing helps to reduce pressure ulcer in SICU patients.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 1974

Regardless of a patient's diagnosis, the care of his skin has been a primary concern of nurses throughout the years. Nurses has washed, dried, and rubbed the skin and have changed his position so as to keep the patient's skin in good condition and to protect him from pressure sores. However, we still find many-patients suffering from the pressure sores which may take many mothers or years of treatment and cost a lot to be repaired. In view of expensive cost for treatment of the sores and low ratios of nursing staff per patient for intensive nursing care, prophylaxis of the bed sores with sufficient aids is extremely important both for patients and for nurses. Therefore, the unique purpose of this study was to determine whether sponge is good enough to treat and prevent the pressure sore as compared with gel pad and sheepskin. Sixty patients in the age range of 15 through 45 who were in unconscious status or have difficulty of mobility were chosen between January and March of 1974 at Seoul National University Hospital. They were randomly assigned to each treatment and observed on every 4th day with regard to level of consciousness, status of mobility, moisture or dryness of the bed, general skin condition, intake of nutrition, vital signs and intervals of position change in comparison with the changes of skin over the bony prominences. The study results were reviewed in a statistical method analysis of valiance-to obtain the following findings: 1. There was no significantly different changes of skin over the sanctum or the trochanter in each group using get pad, sheepskin or sponge. It means that we may substitute sponge for expensive gel pad or sheepskin. 2. There was no significant difference among mean changes of patient's skin in relation to sheepskin, gel pad and sponge. 3. There was no significant changes of patient's akin in relation to level of consciousness, status of mobility, intake of nutrition, general skin condition, temperature, blood pressure or interval of position change. 4. There were no meaningful interactions between each treatment and level of consciousness, moisture or dryness of the bed, intake of nutrition, general skin condition, temperature or blood pressure. 5. Sheepskin and gel pad had significantly better influence on patients with limited mobility than on patients with immobility, and sponge on patients with immobility on than patients with limited mobility, 6. Sheepskin and sponge had meaningfully totter influence on patients changing position at below 2-hour interval, gel pad at 2-4-hour interval, sheepskin at 4-6-hour interval, and three of them at above 6-hour interval.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.466-470
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Active prevention is an essential component in reducing the development of pressure sores. For the high-risk patient group, following the certified pressure sore screening scale as well as educating the patient and the nurses who care for them can lead to optimal management of these patients. Applying a risk assessment scale along with a prevention strategy can reduce medical costs and length of stays at the hospital. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a new pressure sore risk assessment scale based on the universally recommended Braden scale and our prevention program. Methods: From June to August, 2003, our pressure ulcer risk assessment scale was applied to a total of 1882 patients admitted to the experimental group (intensive care unit, neurosurgery, general surgery, and oncology units). It was based on Braden scale. We analysed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and ROC curve to evaluate its efficacy. Pressure ulcer prevention program was composed of patient's education using protocol and specific nursing care. The incidence of pressure ulcers was also measured during the 3 months period, and those were compared to the control group of 1789 patients from March to May, 2002. Results: 118(6.27%) of the experimental group were high-risk with an incidence of pressure ulcers measuring 4 (0.21%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of our scale were 100%, 94%, 4%, 100%, respectively, and AUC(area under the curve) was 0.992. In the control group, the incidence of pressure ulcers was 11(0.61%). Statistical analyses using chisquared tests with a significance level of 5%, the results were such that ${\chi }^2=3.6482$(p=0.0561). The results proved to be statistically significant in borderline. Conclusion: The results from this study proved that pressure sore risk assessment scale based on Braden scale has an excellent efficacy, and shows that our pressure ulcer prevention program is partially effective in reducing pressure ulcer incidence.

• 재활복지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.83-102
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 척수손상이 고령이 됨에 따라 만성질환과 2차 합병증에 미치는 요인을 알아봄으로써 효율적으로 관리와 예방에 관한 기초적인 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 대상자는 2013년 4월부터 2018년 4월까지 S병원에 입원한 척수손상 200명 대상으로 하였다. 의무기록 조사를 통해 만성질환인 고혈압, 당뇨, 간염, 결핵과 2차 합병증으로 폐렴, 기립성저혈압, 욕창, 부종, 자율신경반사항진, 심부정맥 혈전증, 이소성골화증, 중추성통증, 경직(상지/하지), 근 골격계 통증, 변비, 구축, 우울증, 골절, 고칼슘혈증, 불면증, 신장결석, 신경인성 방광 및 장, 비요로감염, 비만, 골다공증, 폐혈증, 수면무호흡, 요로감염의 발생유무를 조사하였다. 연구 결과 50세 미만보다 50세 이상 척수손상이 만성질환 및 2차합병증에 영향을 미치는 요인들로 나타났다. 50세 이상의 만성질환 유병 오즈비는 고혈압 11.8배, 당뇨 6.7배이며, 2차합병증 유병 오즈비는 골다공증 7.5배, 폐렴 5.2배, 신경인성통증 0.4배로 나타났다. 고령척수손상의 만성질환 및 2차합병증의 지속적인 관리와 서비스의 필요성을 시사하고, 향후 대상자의 확대와 다양한 특성을 포함한 연구가 이루어줘야 할 것이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.203-208
• /
• 2019

의료용 컬러 그래픽 연구는 의료용 로봇의 생산 시대를 통해 회사 제품의 디자인 품질을 세계적으로 확대하고 보급하는 기반이 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 의료 로봇 침대 확대 시대에 걸맞은 기술과 내용, 유니버셜 의료색 적용, 인체공학적 색채 등을 기반으로 하였다. 이와 함께 유니버셜 디자인의 관점에서 의료용 침대 로봇의 색채 연구방향을 제시하였다. 이에 따라, 국내업체에서 개발 중인 의료용 로봇의 기능을 사례로 하여 유니버셜 컬러 설계를 제안하였다. 이 로봇 침대의 특성은 기능별로 3가지로 구분할 수 있는 바, 첫째는 치유성(Curative)으로 욕창 예방을 위한 치료 특성을, 두 번째는 의료 환경을 위한 청결성(Clean)으로 시트 자동교환을, 세 번째는 편의성(Convenient)으로 환자이송을 구현하는 기능을 갖는 것으로 파악된다. 본론으로 이에 적합한 기능 색채의 조합을 제시하였다. 결과적으로 제시한 색채분석 및 유니버설 컬러설계 기법이 첨단 의료용 로봇 침대의 외형과 기능을 잘 표현하는 데 유용한 방법론이 될 수 있을 것이다.