• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.407-412
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• 2001

This study was conducted to find out the effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, such as latex coated urea(LCU) and Meister10(MS10) on direct seeded rice in dry soil(DS). Junghwabyeo, and early maturity rice cultivar was grown on the plots which were treated with None-nitrogen. urea. LCU and MS10 plot. Growth characteristic, yield and yield components were investigated. Nitrogen uptake-efficiency and physico-chemical properties of soil before-after experiment were analyzed. Plant height and number of tillers $m^{-2}$ in LCU and MS10 plot at early grow stages were higher than those in urea plot. Plant height and number of tillers $m^{-2}$ grown on the plot of Ms10 plot were higher than those of LCU plot. The number of seedling $m^{-2}$ were no significant differences among None-N, urea, and MS10 plot in DS. Heading date and leaf color were higher with Urea than LCU and MS10 plot. Culm length in LCU and MS10 plot were longer compared with urea plot, but panicle length was similar among with Urea, LCU and MS10 plot. Number of panicles $m^{-2}$ was greater in order of MS10 > LCU > Urea plot. Yield were greater in order of MS10 > LCU > Urea plot. Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen efficiency were greater in order of MS10 > LCU > urea plot. After the experiment, total content of nitrogen in soil was not changed at all treatments, but pH, P and Si of soil were lower than those of before experiment at all treatments.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.401-406
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• 2001

This study was conducted to find out the effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, such as latex coated urea(LCU) and Meister10(MS10) on direct seeded rice in flooded soil(FS). Junghwabyeo, and early maturity rice cultivar grown on the plots which were treated with None-nitrogen, urea, LCU and MS10 plot. Growth characteristic, yield and yield components were investigated. Nitrogen uptake-efficiency and physico-chemical properties of soil before-after experiment were analyzed. Plant height and number of tillers $m^{-2}$ in LCU and MS10 plot at early grow stages were higher than those of Urea plot. MS10 and LCU plot showed similar tendency on the plant height but MS10 plot was higher than LCU plot on the number of tillers $m^{-2}$. The number of seedling $m^{-2}$ were no significant differences among None-N, urea, and MS10 plot. Heading date and leaf color were no significant differences among None-N, urea, and MS10 plot. Culm length in LCU and Ms10 plot were longer compared with urea plot, but panicle length were similar among with Urea, LCU and MS10 plot. Number of panicles $m^{-2}$ was highest in MS10 plot and it was similar between LCU and Urea plot. Yield were greater in order of Ms10 > LCU > Urea plot. Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen efficiency were greater in order of MS10 > LCU > urea plot. After the experiment, total content of nitrogen in soil was not changed at all treatments, but pH, P and K of soil were lower than that of before experiment at all treatments.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of several organic fertilizers on the growth characteristics, root yield and the levels of the efficacious constitutents saikosaponins in Bupleurum falcatum L. in the field of Chonnam RDA. Naju, 1994. Five organic fertilizers were used ; rice straw manure(RSM), rice straw(byproduct of mushroom)manure[RS(BM)M], pig-dropping sawdust manure(PSM),poultry manure(PM)and sawdust(byproduct of mushroom) manure[S(BM)M]. The results were summarized as follows ; The chemical properties, such as organic matter, available phosphate, $K_2O$, CaO, and MgO of soil were increased on all plots with the addition of organic fertilizers, specifically in PM+RS(BM)M application. PM+RS(BM)M treatment was higher in emergence rate and better in the growth charaters of shoot, root parts of plants than those of conventional fertilization and the highest dried root yield resulted from using 39% PM+RS(BM)M treatment. Thus, the organic constituents of the plant leaves were affected in the same ways by all treatments, but the T-N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$, CaO and MgO contents of the roots were highly increased in PM+RS(BM)M treatment, also the total saikosaponin levels in the roots increased with different organic fertilizers in the following order : 1.70% in PM+RS(BM) treatment, 1.66% in RS(BM) treatment, and 1.57% in RSM+N-P-K treatment. There were significant positive correlation observed between the growth characters of shoot, root parts of plants, yield and contents of T-N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$, total-saikosaponin in B. falcatum roots.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.337-340
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• 1987

This experiment was conducted on relatively acid sandy loam soil at Choong-ju campus, Kon-kuk University aimed at clarifying the influence of urea and ammonium nitrate on the effect of potassium to Chinese cabbage in soils either limed or unlimed with calcium silicate. The results are summarized as follows: a. Calcium silicate application enhanced cabbage growth and under this condition, the difference in effect of urea and ammonium nitrate can hardly be observed. b. Without calcium silicate application, the response of Chinese cabbage to ammonium nitrate was more distinctive than that to urea. This was partially attributable to the greater use of soil born potassium at ammonium nitrate treatment. c. Added potassium was not only affective in increasing cabbage yield but also contributed in improving quality of cabbage by producing greater edible portion of the cabbage. Such K effect was particularly pronounced on the acid soil where calcium silicate application was neglected. d. Potassium was easily translocated from outer leaves to inner leaves and thus, the concentration of K content in outer leaves played as a limiting factor of cabbage yield. Less than 20 me/100gr of K content in harvested dried outer leaves resulted in a linear reduction of cabbage yield.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.358-367
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• 1983

To provide useful information on the improving cultural practices of mungbean, an investigation was made on variations of agronomic characteristics, yield, yield component, and grain quality of mungbean grown under three fertilizer levels of N, P, K with different upland soil, using varity, Gyeonggijaerae 5. The stem diameter of 5th internode was always thicker than 1st or 9th internode. Especially, 5th internode diameter was affected by the N, P, K fertilizer. The petiole angle under uncultivated land showed comparatively wider than that under cultivated land and the petiole angle increased from upper to lower node. LAI under cultivated land was higher than under uncultivated land. Especially, LAI of NPK, and NPK + compost treatments were generally higher than those of other treatments. LAI were remarkably increased by P application under uncultivated land. The grain yield was increased by increasing of the number of pods per plant, which were increased by K application under cultivated land, and P application under uncultivated land.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1251-1257
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• 2000

Red pepper powder (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important ingredients for making kimchi. Various aspects of the quality of the red pepper powders (RPP) produced in Korea depending on the varieties and producing districts were compared. The evaluated intrinsic elements were vitamin C, carotenoid, capsaicinoid and free sugar contents and the extrinsic element was ASTA (American Spice Trade Association) colors. The vitamin C content was the highest in Johong (230 mg%) RPP among the varieties and Youngyang (263 mg%) RPP among the producing districts. Myungpum RPP that contains high level of carotenoids showed increased level of ASTA color, it exhibited positive relationship between carotenoid contents and ASTA color. Capsaicinoid level in RPP was the highest in var. Chungyang (126.1 mg%) that was usually used soup and pungent cook. Free sugar contents which is related to sweetness were the highest in Youngyang RPP Youngyang RPP that preferentially used in the preparation of kimchi showed the highest levels in vitamin C, carotenoid, ASTA color, and free sugar contents, but the contents of capsaicinoid was the lowest.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.454-459
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of long-term continuous application of fertilizers for rice cultivation from 1954 to 2003. Changes of physical and chemical properties of paddy soil and the rice yield by continuous application of fertilizers, particularly rice straw compost, over fifty years were discussed in this paper. The rice yields of compost applied plots were 5~12% higher while those of no fertilizer plots were 21~38% lower compared to those of NPK fertilizers applied plots. Uptakes of T-N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$, CaO, MgO, and $SiO_2$ by rice plants were significantly increased by the application of straw compost. Bulk density, hardness, and liquid phase of soil in compost applied plots were significantly decreased while gaseous phase and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil were increased compare to those in NPK plots. When the bulk density of soil was increased the rice yield was decreased. The soil organic matter (SOM) content tended to increase in compost applied plots whereas no significant differences were found in other treatments. The soil organic matter content increased by $0.4g\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ when $7.5Mg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ of rice straw compost applied in paddy land. The compost application rate recommendation for rice cultivation in Korea could be revised by the results of this study.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

This pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of combined micronutrient application($T_1$;control, $T_2$; Fe, $T_3$; Fe＋Mn, $T_4$; Fe＋Mn＋Cu, $T_5$ ; Fe＋Mn＋Cu＋Zn, $T_6$ ; Fe＋Mn＋Cu＋Zn＋Mo, $T_7$ ; Fe＋Mn＋Cu＋Zn＋Mo＋B) on forage performance of pure and mixed cultures of orchardgrass and white clover. The third part was concerned with the changes in the contents and yields of N-compounds (crude/pure protein and soluble N-compounds) in forages. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The contents of N-compounds(crude/pure protein and soluble N-compounds) were generally different according to the forage species, whether it was a pure or mixed culture, and additional fertilization, especially N. In orchardgrass, these contents were relatively low at the $T_3$ and $T_6$ in both pure and mixed cultures. In white clover, these contents were relatively decreased by the $T_1$, $T_3$, and $T_6$ in mixed culture. 2. The treatments influenced relatively more on the yields of crude/pure protein than on the dry matter yields of forages, and this tendency was more significant in white clover than in orchardgrass. 3. In white clover, the great differences in the yields of crude protein by the treatments occurred especially in mixed culture and at 5th cut without no additional fertilization. In white clover, the positive effects of optimum treatments on the yields of crude protein seemed to be decreased by the additional fertilization, especially N. In mixed culture, the favorable growth of white clover by the optimum treatments tended to be positively related to the favorable contents and yields of N-compounds. The changes in the yields of pure protein were similar to the tendency of crude protein

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1988.07a
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• pp.52-53
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• 1988

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.357-363
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• 1992

A series of studies were conducted to find out the effects of chemical composition in brown rice on the occurance of chalky grain in paddy soil which had been applied compost, lime and silicate fertilizer every year for 38 years. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on occurance of chalky grain were greater in order of ammonium sulfate>urea>no fertilizer. The occurance of chalky grain was decreased by lime and silicate fertilizer application, but compost application markedly increased occurance of cralky grain due to increment of nitrogen uptakes. Rice quality tend to lower by increasing nitrogen uptakes whereas Mg/K and $Mg/K{\cdot}N$ ratio were reverse. It is considered that the occurance of chalky grain are closely associated with uptakes of nitrogen, magnesium and potassium.