• Anxiety and mood
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2009

Diagnosing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is challenging for several reasons: a lack of training in trauma assessment for most clinicians, underreporting and avoidance by patients, the overlapping of symptoms, and a high comorbidity with other mental disorders. Thus, a careful evaluation and differential diagnosis are essential for the treatment and management of this population. A concept of posttraumatic reaction in people with narcissistic vulnerability, called Trauma-Associated Narcissistic Symptoms (TANS) had appeared in the literature; this has not been, however, systemically investigated. This study examines three cases of TANS that developed after traumatic events such as traffic accidents and physical assault. TANS may mimic PTSD and can show similar features; however, a careful attention to the context and meaning of symptoms can help the clinicians in differentiating TANS from PTSD. Clinicians working with trauma and compensation evaluators should be on alert for this easily overlooked condition.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2020

Objectives : This study investigate to identify the stability of temperament and personality characteristics of patients including Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients. Methods : The number of subjects was 102, of which 33 were PTSD patients and 69 were non-PTSD patients. To demonstrate the change in individual temperament and personality characteristics, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were administered repeatedly on the subjects. Repeated measures ANOVA and simple main effects analysis were conducted. Results : When analysed by dividing the subjects into PTSD groups and non-PTSD groups, the differences between the primary and secondary tests did not appear in the non-PTSD groups, but the differences between the primary and secondary tests were significant in Harm Avoidance (HA), Reward Dependence (RD), Self-Directedness (SD), Cooperativeness (C). In addition, it was noted that the time and group interaction effects of HA, RD, SD and C were significant, and that the main effects of time of HA, RD, SD and C were significant. Conclusions : This study is meaningful in that in the course of experience and recovery of traumatic events, we have clinically confirmed that changes in the temperament, known as stable variables, are possible.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.126-133
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of unconditional self-acceptance and self-exposure of trainees on the post-traumatic growth and to develop a program to achieve post-traumatic growth beyond the previous level without suffering from psychopathological consequences such as post-traumatic stress disorder I wanted to help. For this purpose, unconditional self-acceptance, self-exposure, and Korean post-traumatic growth scale were used. First, it was confirmed that unconditional self-acceptance and self-exposure of firefighters are correlated with post-traumatic growth. Second, hierarchical regression analysis showed that unconditional self-acceptance has more influence on self-acceptance and post-traumatic growth than self-acceptance of firefighters. Based on the results of this study, we propose the program development and therapeutic intervention strategies to promote post-traumatic growth of firefighters.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.221-226
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• 2021

This study was examined the effect and the continuity of music therapy for reduce on post-traumatic stress (PTS) in 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). The subjects of the study were 42 EMTs in the C area, and the study was conducted from November 25, 2019 to March 1, 2020. The experimental group conducted a total of ten music therapy programs twice a day for five days. The session-specific program was conducted by two music therapists, including the early, mid, late, and closed stages. Each step applied intervention techniques necessary for goals such as improvisation, rhythm making, Nanta, and couple physical activities. The control group was required to take a free break (TV viewing, cell phone games, sleep, exercise, etc.) at the same time as the experimental group's program. The study found that the control group had no difference in PTS before and after the application of music therapy, but the experimental group had a significant decrease in PTS immediately after the application of music therapy and a gradual increase in PTS after 4 and 12 weeks (p<.05). Repetitive music therapy is judged to be an effective way to mitigate the PTS leve for EMTs.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.124-137
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• 1996

As the society becomes more industrialized and modernized, we have more chances to experience a serious traumatic event. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has 3 major categories of symptoms such as memory disturbance, hyperarousal and avoidance or numbness. I reviewed the psychobiological evidences in 3 main categories of symptoms and the biological treatment after a brief review of the epidemiology, psychosocial etiology and diagnosis of PTSD. The memory disturbance of PTSD might be developed by the potentiation of the memory pathway mediated by norepinephrine. PTSD induces HPA axis abnormality, it might also develop hippocampal dysfunction, which might contribute to the memory disturbance. The kindling effect develops desensitization, which might develop reexperiencing of the traumatic events and hyperarousal state. Chronic aroused state of locus ceruleus with resultant chronic maladaptive state of norepinephrine system, might develop hyperarousal state. Social avoidance and physical numbing state in PTSD might be caused by serotnin or opiate system. Stress induced analgesia might be developed by opiate reliesed against the acute stress. The biologic research results would help the selective treatment of PTSD.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.55-69
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• 2010

A college student who exhibited several post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was used as a case study in order to investigate the therapeutic effects of sandplay therapy for PTSD sufferers. In total, 27 sessions of the sandplay treatment program were used to conduct psychological tests before and after the sessions. Any changes in the manner of expressions on the sand box during the treatment, and the results of pre and post psychological tests on aspects of depression, anxiety and interrelationships were analyzed. Overall results showed that the subject exhibited progressive behavioral improvement and signs of recovery. Psychological tests revealed reduced levels of depression and anxiety, and improved interrelationship scores. In conclusion, sandplay therapy does exhibit positive benefits as an effective treatment modality for PTSD in adolescents and young adults.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2015

In psychodynamic therapy, trauma related symptoms are considered as an attempt to overcome the traumatic experiences. Therefore, psychodynamic psychotherapy regards the symptom not as a patient's defect but as an adaptive reaction. In contrast to other therapies, psychodynamic theory places heavy emphasis on the understanding and resolution of the patient's symptoms. In addition, transference is a distinctive feature of this theory, which plays a significant role of reflecting the realistic evaluation on the therapist's characteristics, and in guaranteeing the therapeutic alliance. The psychodynamic therapist inducts meaning from the patient's unconscious mind. The therapist's task is to help the patient to better understand defense mechanisms guide their management of experiences and reactions, and facilitate a better understanding of their personal experiences.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.564-572
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine predictors of anxiety and PTSD in battered women. Method: The data were collected from 555 women who were stratified samples according to 15,000:1 from a target population in Korea from November 18, 2004 to February 18, 2005. The data was analysed using the SPSS program. Results: Predictors of anxiety were self esteem, stress, state anger, social support, trait anger, negotiation, and psychological violence. These variables explained 55.8% of anxiety. Predictors of PTSD were self esteem, state anger, trait anger, psychological violence, stress, and anger-in. These variables explained 43.2% of PTSD. Conclusion: It is considered that the importance of separating the effects of the different types of violence when taking into account its effects on women's mental health. To promote women's mental health, it is needed to develop self esteem improvement programs, and anger and stress management programs.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Mindfulness has been widely researched in mental, physical health, and healthy populations. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions have also been demonstrated in research studies. This report reviews the research on mindfulness based interventions currently employed for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Mindfulness-based theories postulate that symptoms of PTSD are developed and maintained by experiential avoidance and non-mindful behaviors. Recent emerging work indicates that mindfulness based interventions, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, may improve the symptoms of PTSD. Further advances are needed to gain a better understanding of the ability of mindfulness based interventions to target specific symptom dimensions of PTSD and the psychological/neurobiological mechanisms of actions underlying these interventions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.822-823
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• 2023

외상후 스트레스 장애(PTSD)는 장기적으로 심각한 기능 장애를 초래하므로 적절한 치료가 필수적이다. 현재 PTSD 치료법 중 효과가 검증된 주류 심리치료는 환자에게 정서적 고통을 유발하여 치료 중도 포기를 야기하고 치료 효과를 감소시키는 주요한 원인이다. 본 연구에서는 생성형 AI를 적용하여 사용자의 맞춤형 트라우마 이미지를 무의식적으로 노출시키는 방식으로 게임에 적용하였다. 개발된 게임은 디지털 치료기기로 사용함으로써 비침습적인 방법으로 치료의 효과를 증대한다.