• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.313-320
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• 2023

The cumulative registration status of dogs is from 1.07 million in 2016 to 2.32 million in 2020. Animal registration is increasing by more than 10% every year, and accordingly, a name must be decided when registering a dog. We want to give a name that fits the characteristics of a dog's appearance, but there are many difficulties in naming it. This paper explains the development of a system for recognizing dog images and recommends dog names based on similar objects or food. This system extracts similarities with dogs' images through models that learn images of various objects and foods, and recommends dog names based on similarities. In addition, by recommending additional related words based on the image data of the result value, it was possible to provide users with various options, increase convenience, and increase interest and fun. Through this system, it is expected that users will be able to solve their concerns about naming their dogs, check names that suit their dogs comfortably, and give them various options through various recommended names to increase satisfaction.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.891-908
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the dietary habits, body weight satisfaction and eating disorder tendencies of female university students in Kyungnam province. Anthropometric measurements, dietary habits, body weight satisfaction, food preferences, disordered eating, and nutrient intakes were assessed in 132 female students at Kaya University. The results were analyzed with $x^2$- and ANOVA tests using the SPSS package program. The average age of the subjects was 20.1 years and average body mass index (BMI) were $21.1\;kg/m^2$. According to BMI, the percentages of students who were underweight, normal weight and overweight by BMI were 21.2, 55.3, and 23.5, respectively. Duration of exercise was significantly different by BMI. Index scores for a mini dietary assessment were significantly higher in the normal and overweight groups than in the underweight group. Scores for sweet, salty, and meat preferences were highest and scores for bean and vegetable preferences were lowest, in the underweight group. Satisfaction for present body weight was lowest, and self-perception of body image and weight control experiences were highest in the overweight group. All subjects in the overweight group wanted to be slim, and those in the normal and underweight groups, preferred to be more slim despite their current body weight being in the normal or below normal range. The percentage of the subjects who were at risk for eating disorders (based on scores from the Eating Attitude Test-26, EAT-$26{\geqq}20$) was 11.3%. Scores for EAT-26 were higher in the overweight group than in the underweight and normal weight groups. Nutrient intakes were not different among the groups. Therefore, dietary habits, taste and food preferences, satisfaction for present body weight, and disordered eating were significantly different according to BMI. These results suggest that overweight female university students need help correcting disordered eating, and nutrition counseling should be established to aid desirable weight control methods. Those who are underweight and normal weight need help establishing proper perceptions of their normal body weight and body image as well as nutrition counseling for health.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1076-1076
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• 2003

최근 소득수준의 향상 및 식생활 습관의 서구화로 비만 유병율이 증가하면서 체중조절에 대한 관심이 급증하였다. 그러나 신체적 매력 중에서 날씬함을 너무 강조하는 사회적 분위기 등의 영향으로 자신의 체형을 왜곡되게 인식함으로써 이에 따른 신체에 대한 불만족은 무분별한 체중조절을 시도하도록 자극하는 요인이 되고 있으며 이러한 무리한 체중조절은 신체적·심리적 장애를 초래하는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 그러나 체형인식 및 체중조절에 대한 연구는 주로 젊은 여성들을 대상으로 한 것이 대부분으로 중년여성을 대상으로 한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자기체형에 대한 관심이 점차 높아지고 있는 중년여성들을 대상으로 비만도에 따른 체형인식 경향을 파악하고 체중조절에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 알아보고자 하였다. 조사대상은 도시지역에 거주하는 40세 이상 중년여성 249명으로 일반사항, 체형인식 및 체중조절태도, 이상식행동 등에 대하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 모든 자료는 SAS program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 조사대상자의 평균 연령은 48.5세였으며 평균 비만도(BMI)는 22.7로서 정상범위에 속하였다. 비만도에 따른 체중군별 분포는 정상체중군이 72.9%로 가장 많았으며, 저체중군이 6.7%, 과체중군이 20.4%이었다. 자기 체형에 대한 인식도를 체중군별로 비교해본 결과, 정상체중군의 40.1%만이 자신의 체형을 ‘표준체형’으로 올바르게 인식하고 있을 뿐, 8.1%는 ‘마른 체형’으로, 51.7%는 ‘살찐 체형’으로 잘못 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 저체중군의 37.5%는 자신의 체형이 ‘표준체형’이라고 인식하고 있었다. 이상적으로 생각하는 체형에 대하여 조사대상자의 80.9%가 ‘표준체형’이라고 응답하였으며, 8.7%는 ‘마른 체형’을, 10.4%는 ‘살찐 체형’을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 자기 체형에 대해 조사대상자의 55.8%가 ‘불만족하다’ 고 응답한 반면 ‘만족하다’ 고 응답한 경우는 11.1%에 불과하였다. 그러나 체중조절에 대한 관심도는 체중군별로 비교해 보았을 때, 과체중군이 저체중이나 정상체중군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 지난 1년 동안의 체중 감량 경험 여부를 조사해본 결과, 과체중군의 77.1%, 정상체중군의 65.3%, 저체중군의 62.5%가 체중감량 경험이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 체중감량 이유를 묻는 문항에 과체중군과 정상체중군의 경우 ‘건강을 위해서’라고 응답한 경우가 가장 많은 반면 저체중군의 경우 ‘체중이 증가되었기 때문에’라고 응답한 경우가 가장 많아 체중군별로 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 조사대상자의 53.8%가 체중감량을 하는 중 부작용을 경험한 적이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 저체중군이 과체중이나 정상체중군에 비해 체중감량에 따른 부작용 경험자의 비율이 높았다. 이상식행동을 측정한 결과, 과체중이나 저체중군이 정상체중군에 비해 이상식행동 점수가 유의적으로 높았다. 세부요인별로 비교해 보았을 때, 체중조절에 대한 집착과 식이조절점수는 과체중군이 가장 높았으나, 섭식통제 관련 식행동 점수는 저체중군이 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 중년여성들의 경우 대부분이 자신의 실제 체형에 대하여 그릇된 인식을 갖고 있었으며, 체중을 감량하기 위해 지속적으로 노력하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 저체중군의 경우 건강보다는 외모 때문에 무리한 체중감량을 시도하고 있었으며 이상식습관과 관련된 식행동 점수가 높은 경향을 보여 영양 및 건강 상태에 문제가 발생될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 중년여성들에게 자신의 체형과 이상체형에 대한 올바른 인식을 갖고 표준 체중을 유지할 수 있도록 지속적인 영양교육이 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.420-430
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• 2022

Open bite is accompanied by decrease in tooth contact and overbite, and causes collapse of occlusal plane, mastication difficulties, speech disorders, changes in appearance, and lower occlusal force than normal. Open bite caused by temporomandibular joint disorder in adults with complete occlusion must be corrected after removal or stabilization of the causative factors. Orthodontic treatment, occlusal adjustment, prosthetic treatment, and surgical treatment can be the option of occlusal correction. This report describes about estimating the cause of occlusion change in two patients who developed an open bite due to mandibular displacement in adults with complete occlusion and different treatment approaches accordingly. In one patient, satisfactory result was obtained in functional and esthetic aspects through occlusal adjustment after stabilization of the temporomandibular joint.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 2001

We investigated the self-concept, subjective depression, and state-trait anxiety of the school boys with learning disabilities(abbr. LD, n=86) and compared them with normal boys(n=52) using Piers-Harris Self-Concept Inventory, Child Depression Inventory(abbr. CDI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(abbr. STAI). With regard to Piers-Harris Self-Concept Inventory total scores, there was no significant difference between two groups, but normal boys showed higher scores in intellectual and school status, physical appearance, and happiness-satisfaction subscales than patients with LD. The male patients with LD showed significantly higher ratings in CDI total scores, and CDI subscales - ineffectiveness, anhedonia, negative self-esteem than normal children. The patients with LD reported significantly higher state anxiety, but not trait anxiety. Correlation analyses revealed that self-concept decreased over time, and depression-anxiety increased across grades in the patients with LD, but not in normal children. Especially, negative mood, anhedonia, negative self-esteem subscales of CDI, and state-trait anxiety showed significant positive correlation with grades. In both groups, CDI scores were inversely correlated with Piers-Harris Self-Concept and positively with State-Trait anxiety. In conclusion, self-concept problems which were related with school achievement and self-esteem were more abundant in the patients with LD than normal children, self-image problem, depression and anxiety increased across grades. According to regression analysis, age, behavior subscale, intellectual-school status, anxiety, popularity, happiness-satisfaction, CDI-ineffectiveness, interpersonal problem, negative self-esteem, and state anxiety could explain the self-concept in the patients with LD, not in normal children. So, the self-concept of the patients with LD were found to be related to the school achievement and stress when comparing with peers. In conclusion, elementary school boys with LD showed lower self-concept, higher depression and anxiety, and these differences increased across grades. Since the patients with LD have concomitant depression and anxiety disorders, it is important that comorbidity with emotional problems should be explored and managed properly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.1607-1613
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate intake of protein supplements by university students majoring in physical education. Intake experience rate, reasons for intake, purchasing place, effectiveness, satisfaction level, and side effects were analyzed using a questionnaire. Of 476 students, those who consumed protein supplements were 198 (41.6%). Male's intake experience rate was significantly higher than that of females, and members of health-related clubs also consumed more protein than non-members. The main purchasing place was internet shopping malls, and users obtained information from their friends or upperclassmen. The most frequently consumed protein supplement was 'WPH', and the most frequent reason for intake was 'building muscle or maintaining body shape'. For effectiveness, 'normal' was 49.0% and 'effectiveness' was 33.3%. For satisfaction, 'satisfaction' was 45.5% and 'normal' was 43.4%. The rate of side effects was 44.9%, and digestive issues such as diarrhea and indigestion were observed with high frequency. The results of this study show that education is needed for nutritional knowledge, adequate intake, and side effects of protein supplements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.383-391
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate the food habits, eating behaviors, perception of body shape, statuses of body weight control by BMI (Body Mass Index) of 732 middle school students in Gwangju and Jeonnam. The results of this study were compared among under weight (UW), normal weight (NW), and overweight (OW) groups according to BMI levels. In the OW group, female students had low scores in eating at night only, while male students had low scores in eating at night, eating speed, and food selection. All subjects wanted more height than measured. Only male students in the UW group wanted weight loss, whereas female students in the OW and NW groups did. Higher BMI in female students resulted in more weight difference between measured and wanted. All subjects responded properly themselves in perception of body shape but the OW groups showed a big difference between their present weight and wanted weights. Higher BMI in all students corresponded to more interest in concern and experience of weight management. In the male students, the reason for weight management showed high tendency in being healthy, whereas the female students had high tendency in having a slender figure. Higher BMI in all students corresponded to bigger difference between wanted and perceived body shape. In contrast, lower BMI in all students meant more stress. Greater difference between wanted and measured weight and greater difference between wanted and perceived body shape corresponded to less satisfaction in body shape. In conclusion, compared to the NW and UW groups, the OW group had overeating habits highly linked to stress. Also the OW group didn't have desirable eating behaviors and attitudes because of their greater interest in concern and experience of weight control and stress accumulation, and finally there was difference in food habits and behaviors according to the BMI level. Therefore these results suggest that effective nutritional programs should be developed including correct body image and good dietary habits.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.359-371
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• 2010

Facial asymmetry has been found with a higher frequency (70~84%) in skeletal class III malocclusion patients. Anticipating the poor prognosis of prosthesis due to malocclusion, occlusal stability must be obtained by orthodontic treatment. Moreover, orthodontic surgery would be needed in some severe cases for better functional and esthetic results. The orthognathic surgery is performed on one jaw or two jaw depending on the results of facial diagnosis. Genioplasty may change the vertical, horizontal, sagittal position of chin by osteotomy or augmentation using implants, also. This case is about a 24 year-old male patient who visited our clinic to solve the facial asymmetry and mandibular prognathism. Skeletal class III malocclusion, maxillary canting and menton deviation to left by 13 mm were detected. Multiple ill-fitting prostheses, unesthetic maxillary anterior prostheses, and several dental caries were found. After pre-operative orthodontic treatment, Le-Fort I osteotomy, sagittal split ramus osteotomy, genioplasty, right mandibular angle augmentation were done for the correction of jaw relation and asymmetry. By diagnostic wax-up after post-operative orthodontic treatment, maxillary full mouth rehabilitation and mandibular posterior restorations were planned out. For better result, clinical crown lengthening procedure was done on #11, 12 and implant was placed on left mandibular first molar area. The patient was satisfied with the final prostheses. Because of his high caries risk, long-term prognosis will depend on the consistent maintenance of oral hygiene and periodic follow-up.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.20
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• pp.75-86
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• 2010

Recently, as the number of female players has increased rapidly, the electronic gaming industry has begun to look at ways to appeal to the largely untapped female market. According to the latest game market investigative report by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), the total number of game players in China increased by 24.8% in 2009, reached 69,130,000 people, and 38.9% of them are female players. This growth in the number of female player is corroborated by a series of investigative reports from IResearch Company in Shanghai, China: from 2003 to 2009, the number of female players grew from 8% to more than 49%. Therefore, no matter how much attention the game production companies have given to male players or how they have ignored the female players before, the companies would be sensible to face up this reality and adjust their marketing policy a bit more. This article analyzes gender preferences in video games which shows that male players are more likely to be attracted to elements of aggression, violence, competition and fast action in electronic game-playing, while female players are drawn to emotional and social aspects of the games such as an understanding of character relationships. The literatures cited indicates that female players also show apparent preference for games with familiar environments, games that allow players to work together, games that have more than one way to win, and games in which characters do not die. It also discusses the characteristics of female-friendly games from the aspect of emotion, pointing out that the simulation games involving pet, dressing-up, and social simulation games are very popular with female players. Because these are the most suitable game types to fill with emotions of love, share, jealousy, superiority, mystery, these are absolutely attractive to female players. Finally, in accord with the above, I propose some principles of designing female-oriented games, including presenting a good-looking leading character, making the story interesting with "live" NPCs(Non-Playing Characters), and finding ways to satisfy female nature instincts such as taking care of others and the inborn interest of classifying and selecting.