• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.39-51
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• 2008

This study focuses on the reconstruction of buffer greens which were installed to reduce environmental effects on roadsides constructed in the 1980s, in order to supplement various urban green functions. The subjects were buffer greens installed along the Songpadaero and Nambusunwhanro in Songpa-gu. Planting was suggesting to strengthen the buffer, landscape, shading and ecological function according to the use of the buffer green surroundings. The surroundings of the green axis subjects are high-rise apartment areas, neighboring commercial areas, commercial working areas, transportation facility areas, urban support facility areas, schools, parks, etc. However, the structure of the buffer greens were uniformed with Plantanus occidentalis and Ginkgo biloba and Zelkova serrata in the canopy layer and with Forsythia koreana and Ligustrum obtusifoliumin the shrub layer in lineal or alternate order, functioning only as buffer space. Therefore, the buffer greens need to be reconstructed， supplementing various functions according to land use, in order to improve the pedestrian walk area in terms of landscape and use of greens. In line with that, the planting improvement plans according to the land use patterns, and physical and ecological structure were classified into buffer and landscape, landscape and buffer, buffer and shading, and buffer and ecological function. In addition, improving planting function, species and facilities are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.691-706
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• 2008

This study analysed problems of railroadside buffer green space and suggested planting methods according to space function and planting concept in seashore reclaimed land, Ansan city. Planting density of railroadside buffer green zone of Ansan city was $0.04{\sim}0.17tree/m^2$, GVZ was $0.15{\sim}1.65m^3/m^2$ which is represented of deficiency of buffer function. In addition, soil hardness of mounded buffer green zone was $2.72{\sim}15kg/cm^2$. It was examined to have functions in terms of habitat for wildbirds and other organisms, surrounding landuse, urban greens, seasonality, landscape for function improvement of buffer green space. Functions of buffer green space were re-established as habitat for organism, buffer and landscape improvement, landscape and urban park, buffer zone and habitat. It was suggested to select Pinus thunbergii as a dominated species of planting method for buffer function and planting density in canopy and under-canopy layer was $0.4tree/m^2$, $0.5/m^2$ in shrub layer. In terms of landscape improvement function, Zelkova serrata, Prunus sargentii and Prunus armeniaca were selected as major species and it in canopy and under-canopy layer was $0.2tree/m^2$ and $0.5tree/m^2$ in shrub layer. In terms of habitat function Quercus acutissima, Prunus sargentii and Sorbus alnifolia were as major species and it in canopy layer was $0.06tree/m^2$, $0.1tree/m^2$ in under canopy layer, $0.8tree/m^2$ in shrub layer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.341-346
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• 2003

과실 포장화물(packaged freight)은 과실, 완충재 및 겉포장 상자로 구성되며, 속포장(내포장)하지 않는 것이 식품 포장이나 다른 포장과 구별된다. 그러나 과실 개개를 보호하기 위한 낱포장(단위포장)은 중요시되며, 사용되는 완충재가 이 기능을 한다. 과실 포장에 사용되는 겉포장 상자는 제품 취급의 편리성을 도모할 뿐만 아니라, 물류 과정 중에 제품의 보호와 상품에 대한 정보를 제공하는 포장 역할의 주체가 된다. 또한 완충재는 포장물에 전달되는 충격과 진동 등의 외력 완화와 응력 분산, 포장물의 표면보호, 상호간의 접촉방지 및 이동방지의 기능을 수행한다. 종전까지는 골판지 상자에 의한 포장화물 단위로 취급되는 경우가 대부분 이었는데, 농산물의 물류합리화와 물류비 절감 문제가 본격 대두되면서, 팰리트를 활용한 단위화물 적재 시스템(ULS) 즉, 팰리트 화물(palletized freight) 상태로 취급되는 경우가 점차 확대되고 있고 정부에서도 이를 적극 지원하고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.112-114
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• 2005

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.193.2-193.2
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• 2012

달착륙선 등과 같은 특수 목적을 위해 제작된 우주용 착륙선에는 착륙 시 전달되는 충격하중이 탑재장비로 전달되지 못하도록 연착륙(soft-landing)을 위한 충격흡수 메커니즘이 구현되어 있어야 한다. 일반적으로 자동차 및 항공기에서는 실린더와 피스톤으로 구성된 유공압식 완충장치를 주로 사용하여, 피스톤 압축으로 실린더 내부 오일 또는 압축공기가 오리피스를 통하여 분출됨에 따라 유체마찰 에너지를 활용한 충격 흡수장치가 일반적이다. 그러나 이와 같은 지상 장비용 유공압식 충격흡수 메커니즘은 진공 및 무중력 우주 환경하에서 오리피스 기능 상실, 유압유 기화 현상 및 극저온/고온 환경에서의 성능저하 등의 문제점으로 인하여 우주용 착륙선 충격완충장치로 적용이 불가능하다. 따라서 기존의 우주용 착륙선의 대부분은 충격에너지를 기계적인 좌굴 소성 변형에너지로 변환하여 충격을 흡수할 수 있도록 알루미늄 허니콤을 주로 많이 사용하여 왔다. 본 연구에서는 진공 및 무중력 우주환경에서 착륙선 충격완충 장치로 적용이 가능하도록 실리콘 포옴과 스프링을 조합하여 구성하였으며, 충격완충 매체로 유압유 및 공압을 대체할 수 있도록 실리콘 포옴을 후방 사출 성형 방식으로 적용하여 오리피스를 통과한 실리콘 포옴의 변형에너지로 충격에너지를 흡수하게 함으로서 착륙 완충효율을 극대화 할 수 있도록 검토하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.63-76
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• 2015

This study was carried out to suggest improvement plans for problems with the landscape areas of highway service areas. The survey factors were land use, placement of green area and land coverage in terms of spatial and environmental property. Noise and topographic structure in detached green areas were surveyed in terms of impact factor. The status of the planting area around each service area was analysed in regards to planting structure and planting landscape. As a result, the mean of rations of land use were 81.6% building and 18.4% green areas, which were composed of 5.4% landscape area, 9.1% buffer area, etc. Planting areas as usable space accounted for only 0.7%, and the result of noise measurement was different according to the distribution of highway and service area and type of detached green area. The mean of ratio of planting area was 18.4%, which consists of 6.7% landscape planting, 3.4% other green area, 4.6% buffer area, 2.0% buffer and landscape area, 1.1% shade planting and 0.5% landscape and shade planting. Most planting areas aim at landscape appreciation and areas in which visitors can relax and gain recreation were insufficient. The planting structures of service areas were 52.2% canopy layer, 11.8% shrubs and 9.4% canopy and shrub layers, and most of the planting areas were a single layer of green area. Multi-layered planting structures in the landscape and buffer areas were required and a shade planting area was needed to improve amenities as planting canopy layered trees. This study suggested improvement methods for based environments, spatial function and planting function in landscape areas.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.245-265
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 국내 사회복지악계의 사회적 지지에 관한 지난 10여년간의 연구를 정리하고 집중적인 내용분석을 아는데 있다. 분석대상논문은 1990년대 이후부터 2002년까지 노인관련 학술지와 사회복지학술지에 게재된 사회적 지지에 관한 연구들이며, 총 30여편이었다. 연구결과는 사회적지지에 관한 연구들은 90년 중반부터 활발히 연구되었으며, 사회적 지지의 연구대상은 노인이 많았다. 사회적지지에 대한 개념 측정은 기능적 특성을 측정한 연구가 많았고, 측정도구의 사용이 불분명해서 측정도구의 타당성 문제와 표준화된 척도의 필요성이 제기되었고, 효과성 검증결과에서는 주효과모델보다 완충효과 모델의 연구가 적어, 향후 완충효과모델에 관한 연구의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.226-232
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• 2002

포장이란 유통단계에서 제품이 파손되거나 손상되지 않도록 보호하는 수단이며 원가절감과 생산성 향상을 통한 상품성의 제고는 물론 부가가치 증대 및 매출신장에도 큰 영향을 미친다. 더욱이 포장재료의 재활용, 환경친화성 신소재 개발 등에 따른 포장의 중요성에 대한 인식의 전환이 요구된다. 최근 환경보호 문제가 전 세계적으로 확대되면서 포장폐기물 처리의 중요성이 새로이 인식되어, 포장완충재의 주종을 이루던 플라스틱계 재료의 사용이 환경오염과 관련하여 엄격히 규제됨에 따라 환경친화력이 우수한 지류완충재의 사용이 증가하고 있으며, 농산물의 직거래가 활발해지고 생산자 실명제를 도입한 결과 농산물 포장용 골판지 상자의 기능이 운반용에서 판매용으로 전환되고 있으며 화려한 디자인과 필요이상의 강도로 설계, 유통되고 있어 과대포장이 심각한 수준에 달하고 있다. 유통과정 중 제품을 적절히 보호하고 적정 포장비로 물류합리화를 위해서는 제품의 완충 및 적정포장설계가 필요하며, 이를 위한 첫 번째 조건이 완충재 자체에 대한 특성의 평가와 이의 객관적 자료화이다. (중략)

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2007

In hydrothermal reaction tests, smectite-to-illite conversion was identified using a domestic bentonite which is favorably considered as a buffer material, and its dependency on various hydrothermal conditions was investigated. The analysis results of the XRD and Si concentration indicated that the smectite-to-illite conversion was a major process of bentonite alteration under the hydrothermal conditions. The temperature, potassium concentration in solution, and pH were observed to significantly affect the smectite-to illite conversion. A model of conversion reaction rate was suggested to evaluate the long-term stability of smectite composing a major constituent of bentonitic buffer. It was expected from the evaluation results that the smectite would keep its integrity for very long disposal time under a normal condition, whitens it might be converted to illite by 50 percent after over $5{\times}10^4$ year of disposal time under a conservative condition and consequently lose its swelling capacity as a buffer material of a repository.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2008

A swelling clay should remain physically and chemically stable for a long time to perform its functions as a buffer material of a high-level waste (HLW) repository. The longevity issues in the swelling clay were reviewed to evaluate their importance in the performance of a repository. The review results suggest that an elevated temperature due to decay heat, groundwater chemistry, high pH environment by concrete, organic matter and microbes, radiation, and mechanical disturbance might significantly affect the long-term performance of a swelling clay as a buffer material. This paper will be used as basic informations to design the swelling clay buffer for a HLW repository.