• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.7
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• pp.1137-1144
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• 2003

The existing Function Point method to estimate the software size has been utilized frequently with the management information system. Due to the expanding usage of the real-time and embedded system, the Full Function Point method is being proposed. However, despite many research is being carried out relation to the software size, the research on the model to estimate the development cost from the measured software size is inadequate. This paper analyzed the linear regression model and power regression model which estimate the development cost from the software FFP The power model is selected, which shows its estimation is most adequate.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 2005

Most of the methods of estimating the size of software are based on the functions provided to costumers and in the process of granting the score to each function we consider the complexity during the process. The FFP technique has advantages applied to vast areas like data management. real-time system, algorithmic software, etc, but on the other hand, has disadvantage on estimating sizes for weights for necessary function elements. This paper proposes the estimating method for software size by considering the complexity of each function elements in full function point calculation method applied to a new developed project and maintenance projects. For this, based on function point by using surveyed data proved the validity of proposed method. The valid result. was that the function elements, the attributes used in size estimation of software, est mated better estimated sizes than in the case of other weights being applied.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.1575-1585
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• 2010

It is very important to forecast a back resource of a software development effort at the early stage of development life cycle for successful project processing, and it is carried out through software size estimation. The recent trend of software size estimation method is focused on the user's value such as FPA. We measure the actual development effort through case study and calculate CFP directly according to the cosmic-ffp manual V.3.0. in this paper. We also propose the software development effort estimation model by using the produced data. COSMIC-FFP does not use weights of necessary function elements, and so it has disadvantage in estimating sizes. This paper proposes the estimation model to estimate the precision software size by using system complexity as weight.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.597-604
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• 2004

Accurate software cost estimation is essential to both developers and customers. Most of the cost estimating models based on the size measure methods, such as LOC and FP, are obtained through size estimation. The accuracy of size estimation directly influences the accuracy of cost estimation. As a result, the overall structure of regression-based cost models applies the power function based on software size. Many growth phenomenon in nature such as the growth in living organism, performance of technology, and learning capability of human show an S-shaped curve. This paper proposes a model which estimates the developing effort by using the growth curve. The presented model assumes that the relation cost and size follows the growth curve. The appropriateness of the growth curve model based on Function Point, Full-Function Point and Use-Case Point, which are the general methods in estimating the software size have been confirmed. The proposed growth curve model shows similar performance with power function model. In conclusion, the growth curve model can be applied in the estimation of the software cost.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.1
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• pp.163-172
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• 2004

In the software development project applying object-oriented development methodology, the research on the UCP(Use Case Point) as a method to estimate development effort is being carried on. The existing research proposes the linear model calculating the development effort that multiplies an invariant on AUCP(Adjusted Use Case Point) which applied technical and environmental factors. However, the statistical model that estimates the development effort using AUCP and UUCP(Unadjusted Use Case Point) is not being studied. The irrelevant relationship of the linear regression model, whose development period is increasing tremendously as the software size increases, is confirmed. Moreover, during the UCP calculating process, there can be errors in FP by applying the TCF(Technical Complexity Factor) and EF(Environmental Factor). This paper presents a non-linear regression model, that does not consider the TCF and EF, and that estimate the development effort from UUCP directly by utilizing the exponential function. An exponential function is selected among the linear, logarithm, polynomial, power, and exponential model via statistical evaluations of the models mentioned above.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.180-187
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• 2010

Purpose: Rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis are less common than those involving the superior and posterior rotator cuff. The purpose of the present study was to report the clinical results of repair of isolated traumatic tears of the subscapularis tendon. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients (13 males, 2 females; mean age 46.2 years; range 35 to 52) with unilateral ruptures of the subscapularis tendon after trauma who underwent arthroscopic repair between February 2003 and October 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. All the cases were isolated tears of the subscapularis without the involvement of any other rotator cuff tendon and were followed for at least two years (mean 28 months). The entire subscapularis was involved in 9 cases and the tear was localized to the upper two thirds in 6 cases. The preoperative and postoperative status of patients with isolated subscapularis tears were analyzed using the Constant Score, American Shoulder and Elbow Society Index (ASES Index) and postoperative integrity was determined through magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The average clinical outcome scores and strength were all improved significantly at the time of the final follow-up. The constant shoulder score improved from 41.5 to 81.3 points (P<0.05) compared to before surgery and ASES index improved from 46.4 to 89.6 points (P<0.05) postoperatively. Thirteen patients (87%) were satisfied with the result of the treatment. The total tears were significantly more improved by surgery than the partial tears. In 12 of 15 patients (80%) were judged to reveal healed tendon on magnetic resonance imaging at a mean of 13 months postoperatively. The postoperative score was significantly lower for the patients with a failed repair than it was for those with an intact repair (P<0.05). Conclusion: Repair of traumatic isolated subscapularis tears through arthroscopic techniques effectively restores patient function with regard to pain, mobility, strength and postoperative tendon integrity. The postoperative integrity of the repair correlates with the functional results and the total tears were more improved by surgery than the partial tears, but future studies may be needed.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.30-35
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• 1999

본 증례연구는 복합손상을 가진 척수손상환자의 재활치료과정을 소개하여 유사한 사례의 치료에 도움이 되고자 하는 것이다. 증례연구의 대상자인 26세의 남자환자는 흉수 4번 완전손상과 사고 당시 전기화상에 의한 좌측하박 절단과 우측손의 정중신경이 마비되었다. 치료초기에는 일상생활동작 검사에서 MBI (Modified Barthel Index) 점수가 22점으로 독립적으로 가능한 것은 거의 없었고, 기능적으로도 모든 도움이 필요한 상태였으나 재활치료결과 독립적으로 가능한 기능수행 능력은 돌아눕기, 일어나 앉기, 침상에서 의자차로 이동하기, 의자차 굴리기였고 제한적이기는 하지만 독립적으로 가능한 일상생활동작은 식사, 상의 입기, 의자차와 같은 높이의 이동 등이 가능하여 MBI 점수가 47점을 나타내었다. 이 환자의 초기의 장기치료목표는 전동 의자차를 이용하여 보호자의 도움을 줄이는 것이었다. 그러나 환자가 익숙하게 의지를 사용하였으며 일반 의자차 사용을 위해 필요한 만큼의 근력증가가 있었고, 의자차에 앉은 상태의 균형감각이 증가하여 목표를 수정하여 일반 의자차를 사용하도록 하였다. 환자 본인이 가지고 있는 재활 잠재력을 최대로 이끌어낼 수 있도록 유도한 결과 부분적으로 제한이 있었지만 실내에서는 의자차를 이용하여 독립적인 생활이 가능하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonography-guided combined multiple needling and high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. Materials and Methods: We included 42 calcific tendinitis patients who underwent ultrasonograpy-guided multiple needling followed by high-energy ESWT who visited the clinic from January 2010 to June 2013. The average follow up period was 45 weeks. Clinical evaluation was done before and after 12 weeks from treatment, in clinical terms using pain visual analogue scale (P-VAS), ASES, UCLA scores reflecting performance and symptom improvement, and in sonographic terms by studying the changes in size of the calcific nodules. Results: A statistically significant improvement was seen in P-VAS, ASES, UCLA scores and decreased calcification size on sonographic evaluation. Conclusion: Ultrasonography-guided combined multiple needling and high-energy ESWT is considered as a useful method which could provide clinical function improvement and reduction of calcification deposit.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.150-158
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• 2009

Purpose: With the better understanding of cuff function, partial repair or "force couple repair" for treating massive irreparable rotator cuff tear has gained some popularity. However, there were few reports on the results of partial repair. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical outcome of massive irreparable rotator cuff tears who received arthroscopic force-couple repair or partial repair. Materials and Methods: From June 2005 to Feb 2008, arthroscopic partial repairs were performed for 16 irreparable rotator cuff tears among the 101 large to massive rotator cuff tears that were operated on. Clinical and radiographic evaluation were done at the final follow-up. Results: There were 7 men and 9 women with a mean age of 66.6 years. The mean follow-up period was 27.3 month (range: 15-46). The pain VAS improved from 4.4 ($\pm2.50$) to 2.1 ($\pm2.26$) and the functional VAS improved from 46.9 ($\pm16.64$) to 70.0 ($\pm22.80$). The ASES score improved from 39.0 ($\pm10.80$) to 80.3 ($\pm16.78$) and the KSS score was 81.9 ($\pm16.74$) at the final follow-up. The acromio-humeral distance was 6.6 cm ($\pm1.74$) preoperatively and 6.2 cm ($\pm1.69$) postoperatively without significant change (p=0.3874). The degenerative changes had no statistically progressed (p=0.2663). Conclusion: Partial repair for massive rotator cuff injury patients showed improvement in the clinical score without progression of arthritic change at a mean of 2.3 years follow-up.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2009

Purpose: This study evaluated the preoperative and postoperative radiologic findings of patients with complete repairs after massive rotator cuff tears along with the incidence of re-tear and the clinical outcomes. Materials and methods: This study evaluated 33 cases who had open complete repairs for massive rotator cuff tears and these patients were followed up for more than 24 months. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the shoulder joint function test of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), and the degree of arthritis related to the massive rotator cuff tears was evaluated using the Hamada classification. Results: The ASES scores improved from 37.6 preoperatively to 85.6 postoperatively. The mean preoperative acromio-humeral interval (AHI) score was 6.5 mm, which increased to 9.3 mm immediately after surgery, and there was a decreased to 6.5 mm noted at the last follow up. The lower radiology stages of arthritis according to the classification showed better preoperative and postoperative results. Conclusion: An open complete repair as the surgical treatment for a massive rotator cuff tear showed satisfactory results for pain relief and an improvement in the shoulder joint function though re-tear after surgery.